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Nature Reviews Clean Technology volume 2, pages 6–7 (2026)
Perovskite photovoltaics entered a transformative phase in 2025, characterized by the widespread transition from n–i–p to p–i–n architectures, rapid progress in tandem device integration and improvements in long-term operational stability. These advances collectively highlight the maturation of perovskite solar cells towards commercial viability and industrial scalability.
Perovskite single junction solar cell efficiencies reached 27% in laboratory conditions, with perovskite–silicon tandem devices achieving efficiencies over 34.5%7.
P–i–n became the dominant architecture for single-junction devices, favoured for their improved stability and high photoconversion efficiencies8.
Commercialization of perovskite devices began this year with the sale of tandem modules and announcements of gigawatt-scale production facilities.
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This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants funded by the Korean government (MSIT) under contract NRF-2021R1A3B1076723 (Research Leader Program), RS-2025-02316700 (Carbon-free Energy Core Technology Program), and RS-2023-00259096 (GRDC Cooperative Hub), and JSPS KAKENHI grant number 24H00488. This work was also supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), UK, under grant EP/X038777/1.
School of Chemical Engineering, SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
Nam-Gyu Park
Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Henry J. Snaith
Toin University of Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
Tsutomu Miyasaka
PubMed Google Scholar
PubMed Google Scholar
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Correspondence to Nam-Gyu Park, Henry J. Snaith or Tsutomu Miyasaka.
H.J.S. is the co-founder and CSO of Oxford PV Ltd, a company that is commercializing perovskite photovoltaic technologies. N.-G.P. and T.M. declare no competing interests.
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Park, NG., Snaith, H.J. & Miyasaka, T. Key advances in perovskite solar cells in 2025. Nat. Rev. Clean Technol. 2, 6–7 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44359-025-00128-z
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