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According to a report from pv magazine, researchers from Sweden’s KTH Royal Institute of Technology have developed an air-based photovoltaic-thermal system designed for buildings in cold climates. The system was tested on a prototype installed in an apartment building in Stockholm.
The technology uses a modified solar panel with an air channel to draw in ambient air. The system is intended to preheat ventilation air and the cold-water supply for domestic hot water. Continuous measurements were taken from the prototype over a 42-day summer period, and the resulting data was used to validate simulation models.
Using these validated models, the research team simulated the system’s performance in a building containing 56 apartments. The analysis considered operations for preheating domestic hot water in summer and preheating incoming ventilation air for the rest of the year. Simulations were also run for other Swedish locations to assess climatic effects.
The findings indicate the system can reduce annual district heating demand for ventilation by up to 16% and for domestic hot water by up to 7%. It also reduces peak heating demand for hot water by an average of 11% over a season, with reductions exceeding 50% on certain days. The system was noted to be capable of significantly raising the temperature of incoming ventilation air on sunny winter days.
Ventilation energy savings were consistent across different climates in Sweden, though the system’s ability to reduce frost formation was less effective in northern areas. The inclination of the panels had minimal impact on performance. The research team plans to expand their work to evaluate the technology in warmer regions for solar cooling potential and to conduct an economic analysis.
The study was published in the journal Applied Thermal Engineering. Contributors included scientists from KTH Royal Institute of Technology, along with companies Bravida Holding and Uponor.
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