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Researchers from Cornell University have demonstrated that solar panels in agrivoltaic systems can outperform traditional tree windbreaks in protecting crops from wind damage, according to a report in pv magazine. The study used computational modeling to evaluate how different solar panel configurations affect airflow over fields.
The analysis indicates that by adjusting the tilt angle of panels in horizontal single-axis tracking systems, operators can either block damaging winds or permit necessary airflow to prevent crop mildew. This adaptability is a noted advantage over stationary windbreaks. The modeling simulated various wind speeds to assess potential for crop and soil damage.
Simulations identified three distinct wind zones beneath solar panel arrays. Wind speed initially increases under the leading rows, then slows significantly in a central shelter zone, before recovering downwind. In high-wind conditions, the panels reduced wind speeds by up to 70% in this shelter zone, whereas a modeled single row of trees provided minimal protection.
The research also proposed a new design with a lowered first row of panels. Under extreme wind conditions, this configuration achieved a reduction in shelter-zone wind speeds of up to 86%. The study suggests this design addresses wind acceleration issues found in other agrivoltaic layouts. The total system length used in the modeling reflects typical agricultural windbreak spacing.
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