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Zeeland Township’s legal fight over large solar farm moves from federal to state court  MLive.com
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Hypergraph Network Optimizes Solar Electric Vehicle Charging in Grid Simulation Study
A simulation study demonstrates that a hybrid electric vehicle charging station integrating solar photovoltaic power and utility grid electricity achieves improved power flow optimization and charging efficiency through a specialized hypergraph-based control algorithm. Researchers evaluated a three-phase grid-integrated charging infrastructure designed to ensure smooth power delivery across multiple operating conditions. Computational simulation results confirmed that the proposed control strategy significantly enhances the system’s operational performance, energy flow management, and overall charging efficiency during vehicle charging and power feedback cycles.
The investigation addresses the rapid adoption of electric vehicles and solar photovoltaic systems across the global energy and transportation sectors. To sustain this ongoing growth, establishing reliable and efficient electric vehicle charging infrastructure has become essential. Systems based on solar photovoltaic charging are gaining increasing attention within the engineering community due to their low operational maintenance requirements and their ability to improve the overall performance of the photovoltaic modules themselves.
To meet these infrastructure needs, the study focuses on developing a hybrid charging station that integrates both solar photovoltaic generation and utility grid power sources. An efficient Maximum Power Point Tracking technique is utilized within the system design to extract the maximum possible electrical energy from the solar photovoltaic array.
A primary objective of the research is ensuring smooth and dependable power delivery across two distinct operational regimes: grid-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid modes.
To regulate the station’s grid-linked inverter, the researchers developed and applied a novel control framework termed the Spider Wasp Optimizer–Multi-scale Hypergraph-based Feature Alignment Network. Simulation results demonstrated that this proposed control strategy effectively coordinates the grid-linked inverter, optimizes power flow, and enhances overall charging performance. The authors conclude that the developed three-phase grid-integrated electric vehicle charging system provides a practical, simple, and accurate solution for sustainable charging operations.
Subject of Research: Grid-integrated solar electric vehicle charging control
Article Title: Application of hypergraph-based grid integrated solar power hybrid electric vehicle charging in G2V and V2G modes of operation
Article References: Das, S. R., Patro, K. A. K., Sahoo, B. M., Dhaka, A., & Malsaria, A. (2026). Application of hypergraph-based grid integrated solar power hybrid electric vehicle charging in G2V and V2G modes of operation. Discover Applied Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-026-09743-2
Image Credits: AI Generated
DOI: 10.1007/s42452-026-09743-2
Keywords: electric vehicles, solar photovoltaics, hybrid charging station, grid-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-grid, grid-linked inverter, maximum power point tracking, power flow optimization, charging efficiency, three-phase charging system, Spider Wasp Optimizer, hypergraph network, feature alignment network, sustainable transportation, renewable energy integration, power electronics control, photovoltaic performance
News Source: Denise Maddox. (November 13, 2026). Hypergraph Network Optimizes Solar Electric Vehicle Charging in Grid Simulation Study. Scienmag.
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Source: PIB 
The Bharat Renewable Energy Summit & Expo 2026, held at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, highlighted India’s efforts to accelerate renewable energy adoption, investment and technological innovation.  


Agrivoltaics offers India a promising pathway to integrate agricultural productivity with renewable energy generation, improving land-use efficiency, diversifying farmers’ incomes and supporting climate-resilient agriculture. However, its large-scale adoption requires crop-compatible designs, affordable financing, scientific validation, clear regulations and active farmer participation. Strengthening these foundations can help India achieve a sustainable balance between food security, energy security and rural development. 
Drishti Mains Question 
Agrivoltaics presents an opportunity to address the competing demands of agricultural land and renewable energy development. Discuss.

Q1. What is agrivoltaics? 
Agrivoltaics is the simultaneous use of agricultural land for crop cultivation or livestock rearing and solar photovoltaic electricity generation, improving land-use efficiency. 
Q2. What is India’s estimated agrivoltaic potential? 
India’s estimated technical agrivoltaic potential ranges from approximately 3,000 GW to 14,000 GW, depending on land suitability and technological assumptions. 
Q3. How many operational agrivoltaic projects are there in India?
As of August 2025, India had 36 operational agrivoltaic projects with a combined capacity of 37.54 MW, alongside 10 pilot projects under development. 
Q4. Which States have the highest agrivoltaic potential? 
Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh collectively account for nearly 50% of India’s estimated agrivoltaic generation potential. 
Q5. What is the role of PM-KUSUM in promoting agrivoltaics? 
PM-KUSUM supports decentralised solar power generation and solarisation of agricultural pumps, creating an enabling environment for integrating renewable electricity with farming. 


Q. With reference to solar power production in India, consider the following statements: (2018)
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?  
(a) 1 only  
(b) 2 only  
(c) Both 1 and 2  
(d) Neither 1 nor 2  
Ans: (d)  
Q. India has immense potential of solar energy though there are regional variations in its developments. Elaborate (2020)

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Microscopic solar panels could help shape 3D-printed biological tissue  Phys.org
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The PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana has solarised around 66 lakh households so far, Union Minister for New and Renewable Energy Pralhad Joshi said at the 31st CII Partnership Summit in Visakhapatnam on Friday, highlighting the rapid expansion of rooftop solar across India.
The programme has an initial target of reaching 1 crore households. Joshi said the pace of installations had improved sharply, with the first 1 lakh installations taking 118 days, compared with an average of six days now. The ministry is aiming to reduce that average to five days shortly, he added.
The minister said 7.86 lakh households in Andhra Pradesh had been connected with rooftop solar under the initiative. The scheme is intended to expand household access to clean electricity and help beneficiaries reduce their power bills through rooftop generation.
According to Joshi, some farmers and households are recording zero electricity bills and earning from excess power generation. The statement did not provide a separate nationwide figure for households with zero bills or the amount of income earned by beneficiaries from surplus electricity.
Joshi also said India’s solar capacity had increased from 2.8 GW in 2014 to 175 GW currently. Non-fossil sources account for about 55 per cent of the country’s total installed power capacity, he said, adding that India remained on track to meet its target of 500 GW of non-fossil capacity by 2030.
The minister referred to the proposed PM-KUSUM 2 programme, which is expected to further solarise agricultural equipment and pumps. The announcement places rooftop household generation alongside agricultural electrification as part of the government’s wider renewable energy expansion.
Renewable energy investments were also discussed at the summit. Joshi said 17 memoranda of understanding and three government orders in the sector represented investments worth Rs 43,871 crore, with employment potential for around 4,700 people.
He linked the expansion of clean energy to India’s growing electricity demand. Peak demand has risen from 123 GW in 2012, when a major grid collapse left northern India without power for nearly 72 hours, to 270 GW recently, he said. Joshi added that the recent peak demand was met without interruption, with nearly 33 per cent coming from non-fossil sources.
The ministry’s next stated milestones are to raise the pace of household installations to an average of five days and continue work towards the programme’s target of solarising 1 crore households.

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ReNew Energy has announced fresh investments of around INR 80,000 crore in Andhra Pradesh, across digital infrastructure and clean energy manufacturing. The investments include an INR 67,000-crore 1 GW green hyperscale data centre in Anakapalli; INR 11,000-crore polysilicon and metallurgical silicon manufacturing facilities in Anakapalli and Nellore; and an INR 1,500-crore permanent magnet manufacturing facility in Rambilli. ReNew will also establish the ReNew Centre for Technical Excellence (R-CTE) in Visakhapatnam under the PM SETU Scheme.
Together, the investments expand ReNew’s presence across digital infrastructure, renewable energy, clean energy manufacturing and skilling, deepening its long-term partnership with Andhra Pradesh.
The polysilicon and metallurgical silicon facilities in Anakapalli and Nellore will further strengthen the domestic solar manufacturing value chain. They will complement ReNew’s existing solar manufacturing investments, including its 6.5 GW ingot and wafer manufacturing facility in Anakapalli, expected to be commissioned by March 2028.
The 1 GW Green Hyperscale Data Centre in Anakapalli is envisioned as a large-scale, renewable-energy-powered digital infrastructure project.
ReNew also plans to invest INR 1,500 crore in a permanent magnet manufacturing facility in Rambilli, expected to be commissioned by March 2029.
Under the PM SETU Scheme, ReNew will work with the Government of Andhra Pradesh to develop the Gajuwaka cluster of five ITIs in Visakhapatnam as the ReNew Centre for Technical Excellence (R-CTE). The cluster is part of the PM SETU framework, under which a typical hub-and-spoke ITI cluster has an indicative investment of up to INR 241 crore over five years. The initiative will focus on industry-relevant technical skills and employability for emerging sectors including renewable energy, advanced manufacturing and allied industries.
ReNew already has an operating portfolio of 717 MW of wind capacity and 60 MW of solar capacity spread over 10 sites in Andhra Pradesh.
ReNew’s clean energy portfolio on a gross basis stood at 20.5 GW (including 1.7 GW/6.2 GWh of BESS) as of October 30, 2026. In addition to being a major independent power producer in India, it has 6.4 GW of solar module and 2.5 GW of solar cell manufacturing capacities and is expanding its solar cells manufacturing capacity by another 4 GW, which is expected to be operational in Q4 FY27.
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Gloucestershire facility will be outfitted with renewable electricity rooftop panels
Hawkstone Brewery is to add solar power to its brewing premises in Bourton-on-the-Water, Gloucestershire.
 
The brewer, founded in 2021 by broadcaster and TV farmer Jeremy Clarkson, has chosen Nottinghamshire-based Geo Green Power to complete the site’s first solar panel installation.
 
Work is set to begin this month, and the systems will be used to power processes within the brewery, from milling machines through to heating and cooling systems.
 
When fully operational, the rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) system will generate 24.25MWh of energy per annum and save 4.9 tonnes of CO₂ each year – the equivalent of planting 215 trees.
 
The brewery should subsequently see substantial savings on its energy costs, alongside reduced Scope 2 emissions and increased energy security against the backdrop of continued rising energy prices that have seen many hospitality businesses struggling to make ends meet.
 
Ben Bonham, head brewer of Hawkstone Brewery, said: “We’re always looking for ways to improve how we operate, and investing in solar energy is a natural next step for us. Brewing is an energy-intensive process, so generating our own renewable electricity will help us reduce our environmental impact while making the brewery more efficient and resilient.”
 
James Cunningham, managing director of Geo Green Power, added: “We’re incredibly excited to get started on this fantastic project and with our extensive solar experience within the hospitality industry, we know what a great opportunity this is for Hawkstone Brewery.
 
“It’s also brilliant to be working with a business which also champions agriculture and Britain’s farms. This is something we’ve also seen first-hand, having shared an adjacent tent to the Hawkstone team at this year’s ‘Cereals Event’ held at Jeremy Clarkson’s Diddly Squat Farm.”
 
Alongside manufacturers SolarEdge and Renusol, Geo Green Power’s supplier partners for this project are UK Greentech, site access equipment supplier YardLink and CJW Scaffolding with Geo Green Power’s own team delivering installation and ongoing service and maintenance support.
 
Hawkstone Cider was recently listed by burger chain Five Guys.
 
Pub group Marston’s partnered with Hawkstone this year to bring slow-cooked beef and IPA pies to 498 of its pubs across the UK.
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India’s renewable energy journey: Expanding clean energy capacity to power a sustainable future  DD News
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DS1, a solar PV construction company, has signed a contract with Energix Lithuania to construct a 330 MW solar park in Jonava, Lithuania. Described as the largest PV park in the Baltics, the project has already entered construction, with completion scheduled for Q4 2027. The facility will cover 376 hectares across 25 separate fields extending almost 6 km. It will feature approximately 445,000 solar modules installed on 8,467 mounting structures. The electrical infrastructure will include 72 central inverters, approximately 4,180 km of DC cabling and 250 km of 30 kV cabling. DS1 has identified the development as its largest PV construction project to date.
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Email services are recovering following the global Microsoft outage. Some delays may continue. Phone lines, online forms and other council services are operating normally.
High Court denies Lincolnshire County Council and North Kesteven District Council opportunity for full hearing on Springwell Solar Farm approval.
Following deliberation, the High Court has ruled that the approval of Springwell Solar Farm will not be scrutinised at a substantive judicial review hearing.
Lincolnshire County Council and North Kesteven District Council brought nine grounds of challenge against Springwell’s approval.
Five of these related to the Navenby Substation. The Government’s Inspector insisted that a requirement for planning consent was necessary to make a development acceptable, but the Secretary of State removed this from the approved Development Consent Order for Springwell Solar Farm.
The Judge recognised the councils concerns that this could result in solar development with no guarantee that there would be a substation in place to connect the power to the grid.
However, none of these grounds were considered arguable as the Judge concluded that National Policy Statements set out the importance and urgency of critical national infrastructure.
Other grounds related to food security, which the councils argued had been underplayed in the decision-making process by the Secretary of State.
At the preliminary hearing, the councils also highlighted that there was no information relating to food security impacts in Springwell’s Environmental Statement.
The Judge ruled that all the councils’ grounds relating to food security were not arguable, as the Secretary of State was entitled to give limited weight in his decision, and the Planning Inspectorate had not requested the specific information to be included in an Environmental Statement.
After hearing and dismissing the councils’ nine challenges on these points, the Judge dismissed the Councils claim for judicial review of this decision
It is a blow for residents, Lincolnshire County Council and North Kesteven District Council who now have no realistic routes left to challenge what will be the UK’s largest solar farm.
Cllr Sean Matthews, Leader of Lincolnshire County Council, said: “Given the size of this development, I’m disappointed that our councils will not have the opportunity to present a case at a full hearing.
“The impact of this development won’t be felt in London, where all these decisions have been made. Rather, residents across dozens of rural communities now face the likelihood of huge industrial solar farms appearing on their doorstep.
Cllr Richard Wright, Leader of North Kesteven District Council, said: “We are naturally deeply disappointed that the court has today dismissed our request to move forward with a Judicial Review into the Government’s approval of the UK’s largest solar farm within our area.
“Both North Kesteven District Council and Lincolnshire County Council argued strongly during the planning process, against the development, saying that it did not properly assess the impacts on affected rural villages and landscapes, or adequately take onto account the cumulative impact of developments in Lincolnshire, which continue to use large amounts of the best and most versatile agricultural land.
“It was our case to the courts that through the Examining Authority’s report and Secretary of State’s decision letter, proper process was not followed and the decision was unsound.”
“I have no regrets in raising our concerns on this issue with the court. It is not a decision that we took lightly and it was done,  following legal advice and a careful consideration of the potential costs and impact. We felt that we had grounds to challenge the decision, believing that proper process was not followed, and it was important for this to be tested.
“It was a course of action we pursued with our communities foremost in our minds, and while I am disappointed at the outcome, I am pleased that we stood up for them in this way.”
Cllr Sean Matthews continued: “Despite the outcome, we firmly believe that standing up for our communities is the right thing to do.
“Our advice suggested that we had a good opportunity to have our claim heard at a full hearing. The courts disagreed.
“With no other way to meaningfully challenge the decision regarding the UK’s largest solar farm, it was a risk we needed to take to stand up to the ongoing industrialisation of Lincolnshire’s countryside.
Published: 13th November 2026
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The solar carport has a total output of 237 kWp and a modern sodium-ion battery storage system.
The Private University of Applied Sciences for Economics and Technology (PHWT) in Diepholz, Germany, has a parking lot that now generates power. The school officially opened a new solar carport system that covers 90 parking spaces and a 20-bike shelter.
The lot itself has a unique layout that’s arranged in a semicircle with two rows of spaces. Instead of fighting it, the school built around it. Southern German company PfefferKnecht, working under its LICHTKRAFT brand, designed a special metal structure to fit the semicircle. Local partner Böckmann handled the construction.
Overhead, glass-glass solar panels cover about 1,150 square meters. The panels act as a seamless, waterproof roof, so builders did not need a separate roof membrane. Built-in LED strips also keep the spaces lit. Together, the carports and bike shelter produce around 237 kWp of solar power.
The university also needed a way to store the generated power. Additionally, they skipped standard lithium-ion batteries. Instead, PHWT installed the first sodium-ion battery storage system in Lower Saxony, and only the third in all of Germany.
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The setup uses two storage cabinets from PHENOGY, offering 200 kWh of storage capacity, allowing the campus to save its own solar energy to use later during peak hours, cutting down on expensive grid electricity.
Sodium-ion batteries rely on common salt found in Germany. They do not need lithium, graphite, or cobalt, so the batteries are almost non-flammable and handle extreme heat and cold without losing performance.
The idea started with PHWT President Prof. Dr. Dennis De and PfefferKnecht Managing Director Andreas Knecht. Getting permits and planning took 18 months, helped along by the City of Diepholz’s Building Authority. Once approved, crews had to work quickly. They finished the foundation work, steel frames, solar roofs, and tech setup in just ten weeks during the semester break so spots were ready for returning students.
The new system joins an existing ice storage system that already heats and cools the campus.
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Croatia has opened a new call offering €30 million for solar and energy storage investments in agriculture 
The grant scheme is open to farmers and enterprises engaged in agricultural production and agricultural product processing  
To be covered under the Modernisation Fund, the scheme will offer up to €5 million per applicant 
The Croatian Ministry of Environmental Protection and Green Transition has launched a €30 million funding scheme to encourage farmers and agricultural businesses to invest in solar power and battery energy storage systems (BESS). It will be financed through the European Union’s Modernisation Fund.  
The scheme is open to micro, small, medium and large enterprises engaged in primary agricultural production or agricultural product processing. 
Eligible activities in primary agricultural production include crop cultivation, animal breeding, and mixed farming, among others. The scheme also covers businesses involved in processing agricultural products, including meat, fruit and vegetables, vegetable and animal oils, dairy products, flour, animal feed, and certain beverages. Recognized producer organizations operating in these sectors are also eligible to apply. 
This scheme also aims to promote the proliferation of solar and storage systems to help Croatia reduce its GHG emissions and increase the share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption by 2030. 
Beneficiaries will be able to use the funding to support the construction and expansion of grid-connected solar PV power plants. Solar modules used must have a minimum efficiency of 20%. It will also cover co-located BESS installations. Funds can also be used for related project supervision and management costs.  
Out of the total funding, the maximum grant available is €5 million per applicant. Micro and small enterprises can receive grants covering up to 65% of eligible costs for PV installations and related services, medium-sized businesses can get up to 55%, and large enterprises up to 45%. For battery energy storage investments, the respective funding rates are 50%, 40%, and 30%. 
Interested applicants must submit their project proposals to the Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund in Zagreb. 
The ministry launched the call on November 11, 2026. The application window closes on January 31, 2027. 
However, the ministry added that the call may close earlier if the available funding is exhausted. 
Earlier in September 2026, Croatia temporarily closed a €38 million subsidy call for renewable energy and energy storage after receiving 9,320 applications within two days (see Croatia Temporarily Closes €38 Million RE Subsidy Call).  
TaiyangNews 2024

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SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES has signed a contract with SpaceX to supply a turnkey HJT solar cell production line
The first line is scheduled for delivery in H1 2027, with additional lines planned under the companies’ strategic partnership
The equipment will support solar cell manufacturing for SpaceX’s satellites at its facility in Bastrop, Texas
Germany-based solar manufacturing equipment supplier SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES has signed a contract with SpaceX to supply a turnkey production line for heterojunction (HJT) solar cells. The equipment will support solar cell manufacturing for SpaceX’s satellites at its facility in Bastrop, Texas. The first production line is expected to be delivered in the first half of 2027.
The agreement is part of a strategic partnership between the companies, under which SINGULUS plans to supply several additional production lines. The company also mentioned plans to scale production to support more than 100 GW of production equipment as SpaceX expands its satellite manufacturing operations.
Under the partnership, SINGULUS will develop high-performance solar cells and manufacturing equipment using its existing production technologies. The company specializes in wet-chemical processing, vacuum coating, and thermal processing, which are used in different stages of solar cell manufacturing. Its equipment portfolio includes physical vapor deposition (PVD), plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and other coating technologies.
Commenting on the agreement, Lars Lieberwirth, Member of the Executive Board of SINGULUS, said the partnership would allow the company to further expand the industrial use of its manufacturing technologies. SpaceX’s Senior Vice President of Starlink, Mike Nicolls, said the collaboration would support solar cell production for its Starmind satellites in Texas.
SINGULUS and SpaceX entered into a strategic partnership in March 2026. SpaceX provided funding to SINGULUS the same month, followed by additional financial support in October 2026 through a subordinated secured loan.
In a post on X, SpaceX CEO Elon Musk confirmed that the company had ordered HJT solar manufacturing equipment from SINGULUS with an annual production capacity of 100 GW.
Solar technology for space applications will also be discussed at the TaiyangNews High-Efficiency Solar Technologies Conference 2026. Following the first session on November 11, the conference will continue on November 20 and 25. The final day, November 25, will focus on Space PV, covering developments in solar cell technologies for use in space. Registration is free here
TaiyangNews 2024

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Accommodating these large developments can be burdensome for small communities. Projects can impact farmland and load local roads. They can also pile more pressure on housing and essential services.
To sweeten the deal, affected communities are being promised a once-in-a-generation wave of investment, touted as an economic lifeline for many regional towns struggling to survive.
Not everyone is buying the promise. With a state election looming, Victoria offers some stark examples of how these tensions are playing out.
Some councils have been sidelined by the state government in key decisions. Planning laws have been changed to fast-track projects. In many areas, community backlash has been fierce.
These tensions point to questions that go beyond any individual project. Are regional communities being given a meaningful say in their economic future? And will they actually be left better off?
For regional Australia, the scale of change is enormous. So, too, is the economic opportunity it presents.
The Australian Energy Market Operator has estimated that achieving net zero emissions will require $106 billion (USD 72 billion) in new investment (in today’s dollars) by 2050. This includes investment in 6,000 kilometres of new transmission lines across the country.
This money is already flowing. According to the Clean Energy Council, 141 clean energy projects worth about $32.5 billion were financed or already under construction in the first half of this year.
One of the biggest challenges for communities is navigating this rapidly evolving landscape. Each state and territory is taking a different approach to these developments – not only for renewable energy but also for critical minerals and mining more broadly.
Take Victoria, for example. VicGrid and the Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action recently released community engagement and social value guidelines. These set minimum expectations for engagement with and benefits for communities and landowners who host projects, but (unlike in New South Wales) no minimum dollar-per-megawatt figure.
The guidelines only cover renewable energy and transmission projects, but exclude projects connecting to the local distribution network. Separate compensation arrangements apply to some transmission projects, adding to the complexity.
Initially voluntary, these guidelines only become mandatory in mid-2027, when the extent of collaboration between developers will also be assessed.
Importantly, and perhaps confusingly, they do not cover critical mineral projects. These are covered by separate legislation and still-to-be-determined community benefit payments.
In short, it is a noisy, confusing and dynamic landscape for communities and landowners.
Yet some regional communities are taking matters into their own hands and electing to shape their own energy destiny. In north-west Victoria, for example, Wimmera Southern Mallee Development has been working with energy developers and various government agencies through its Renewable Energy Collaboration partnership.
Victoria again offers some striking examples of vocal community opposition.
There’s been sustained backlash from farmers against the Victoria to NSW Interconnector West (VNI West) transmission project in north-west Victoria, which the state opposition have vowed to scrap if elected.
And in the north of the state, intense community backlash recently convinced the government to abandon a plan to create a new renewable energy zone around Dookie.
This month, Australian Public Policy Institute research (of which I was a coauthor) casts light on some of these concerns for rural Australia more broadly.
This drew on workshops and interviews conducted with a broad range of stakeholders in three towns in regional NSW impacted by renewable energy development. We found affected communities broadly support the shift to clean energy.
However, key community concerns are already delaying the process. This threatens to to undermine the long-term energy transition.
Assessing these responses, we found three big challenges for the government and industry.
First, community consultation and engagement were seen as inconsistent and often inadequate. Further, there were limited opportunities for communities, including First Nations people, to meaningfully influence project planning and decision-making.
Second, communication and planning processes lacked transparency, clarity and a place-based focus.
And third, communities are experiencing significant social and economic impacts. Benefit-sharing and compensation arrangements were viewed as inequitable, insufficiently targeted and lacking long-term community value.
Bridging all of these challenges, we found trust in industry, government and the planning system was fragile.
Encouragingly, however, we also found regional participants in NSW were keen to provide detailed policy solutions for governments to address many of these challenges.
They called for four key changes.
First, minimum, enforceable engagement standards should be required for all major energy projects. These standards should prioritise transparency, accountability and building trust.
Second, governments should work with communities to develop a framework on sharing of benefits. This should then be embedded into planning regulations.
Third, there should be more support and resources for communities to help with negotiating how project benefits are shared.
And fourth, at all levels of government, planning processes and governance should adopt a place-based approach tailored to local needs.
Increasingly for Australia, the main barriers to a successful shift to renewable energy are not technical but social.
Many rural and regional communities feel excluded from decisions about how the transition will be achieved. Importantly, communities are not rejecting the transition. They are asking for better information and communication, fairer benefits, and a genuine role in shaping the changes that affect them.
*
Author: Simon Wright, Senior Research Fellow, Energy & Circularity, Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University.
This article was initially published in The Conversation and is republished here under a Creative Commons Licence.
The views and opinions expressed in this article are the author’s own, and do not necessarily reflect those held by pv magazine.
This content is protected by copyright and may not be reused. If you want to cooperate with us and would like to reuse some of our content, please contact: [email protected].
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An international research team has developed an induction heating-assisted delamination method for end-of-life photovoltaic modules to improve recyclability and facilitate the recovery of individual components.
“We designed a glass-glass photovoltaic module that is easier to take apart at the end of its life,” corresponding author Yonghwan Lee told pv magazine. “Using induction heating, we rapidly separated the layers of our test module and recovered 99.8% of its original mass, including the glass, the silicon cell and the polymer encapsulant.”
Lee said the team was surprised by how quickly and cleanly the silicon cell separated using the new technique and modified module design.
“In our fastest test, the module layers separated in just 5 seconds. We recovered the cell intact, with no visible polymer residue on its surface, without having to remove the entire encapsulant layer first,” he said.
The researchers first used Comsol Multiphysics simulations to investigate induction heating in passivated emitter and rear contact (PERC) cells and heat transfer through the surrounding module layers. They examined the effects of operating frequency, coil current, coil-to-cell distance and electrode thickness on heating.
They then produced simplified samples comprising a 2 cm × 2 cm PERC cell laminated onto tempered glass with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) encapsulant, leaving the rear of the cell exposed. They tested the method using a water-cooled copper induction coil operating at 270 kHz to 300 kHz to rapidly heat the cell’s metal contacts, triggering localized EVA decomposition at the cell-encapsulant interface. The samples were suspended with the cells facing downward to enable gravity-assisted separation.
The tests showed that induction heating created a temperature difference of more than 200 C between the cell and glass at a coil current of 100 A, enabling localized EVA decomposition at the cell interface. With gravity-assisted separation, the cells detached in approximately 14 seconds.
Microscopy revealed no significant polymer residue or structural damage on the recovered cell surfaces, while spectroscopy indicated that the remaining EVA largely retained its chemical structure.
The researchers then fabricated modified glass-glass mini-modules incorporating a single PERC cell, EVA encapsulant and two tempered glass sheets measuring 5 cm × 8 cm and 1 mm thick. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) release films, each with a central opening measuring 1.8 cm × 1.8 cm, were inserted between the cell and EVA on both sides to allow gases generated during heating to escape. The researchers suspended the mini-modules in a custom support jig and applied induction heating at coil currents of 100 A, 150 A and 200 A.
The modified mini-modules separated in 18.6 seconds at a coil current of 100 A, compared with 8.3 seconds at 150 A and 5.4 seconds at 200 A. The process recovered 99.8% of the total module mass, with negligible losses of glass, cells and release films.
After delamination, the researchers mechanically scraped the EVA from the glass, resulting in less than 10% encapsulant mass loss. Analysis of the recovered cells showed no significant surface residue.
“For us, this points to a way to recycle modules quickly and brings the goal of 100% material recovery closer,” Lee said. “Our next step is to apply the process to full-size commercial PV panels and scale it up for use in commercial recycling operations.”
The researchers presented their findings in “Inductive heating for photovoltaic module recycling and near-complete component recovery,” which was published in Communications Materials. The research team included scientists from South Korea’s Korea Electronics Technology Institute (KETI) and Australia’s University of New South Wales (UNSW).
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China’s Drinda scraps plan for 5GW TOPCon solar cell plant in Oman  PV Tech
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ASouth Korean research team has developed a novel model to predict power output and hot-spot risk in colored building-integrated PV (c-BIPV) systems featuring artistic images.
The researchers modeled PV arrays displaying 50 masterpieces, including Johannes Vermeer’s Girl with a Pearl Earring and Vincent van Gogh’s Café Terrace at Night.
“Unlike a uniformly colored module, an image-based array contains many differently colored cells. Because each color requires a different optical reflection profile, the photocurrent generated by each cell can vary across the array,” corresponding author Hyung-Jun Song told pv magazine.
“This spatial mismatch can reduce power output and, under certain bypass-diode configurations, expose cells to reverse bias and hot-spot risk.”
The novelty of the research, Song added, lies in directly linking the visual characteristics of a candidate image to the electrical performance and reliability of the entire PV array.
“For every pixel, we estimated the minimum-loss selective-reflection spectrum needed to reproduce its color and calculated the resulting photocurrent. We then used equivalent-circuit simulations to evaluate the series-connected array under different bypass-diode configurations,” he explained.
In its work, the group has converted each of the 50 artworks into a 36 × 36-pixel mosaic, with each of the 1,296 pixels representing an individual series-connected PV cell.
They assigned each pixel the average color of its corresponding image region. For each color, they calculated an ideal dual-band selective-reflection spectrum, selecting the reflection-band parameters that most closely reproduced the target color.
They then calculated the photocurrent generated from the sunlight transmitted through the colored layer, accounting for the underlying cell’s wavelength-dependent internal quantum efficiency.
Using a single-diode equivalent circuit calibrated to commercial TOPCon cells, they modeled each cell’s current-voltage characteristics at 300 K. They simulated the fully series-connected array in LTspice.
The simulations compared configurations without bypass diodes and with one diode protecting between one and 36 cells, assessing maximum power output and the number of cells operating under reverse bias at the maximum power point as an indicator of potential hot-spot risk.
“One of the most surprising findings was that the overall brightness or colorfulness of an image does not necessarily determine its photovoltaic performance. Instead, the spatial distribution of brightness plays a much more important role,” Song said about the results.
For example, the simulated array displaying Café Terrace at Night achieved 91.7% of the power output of an equivalent black reference array without bypass diodes, compared with 74.3% for Girl with a Pearl Earring.
“We found that even a small number of extremely bright pixels can limit the power output of an entire series-connected PV array,” the researcher added.
“We also identified an interesting trade-off associated with bypass diodes: installing more diodes can improve power output, but it may simultaneously increase reverse-bias conditions and the associated hot-spot risk.”
For Girl with a Pearl Earring, installing one bypass diode per cell increased normalised power from 74.3% to 84.4% of the black reference array’s output, a 13.6% relative improvement.
However, 24 of the 1,296 cells entered reverse bias at the maximum power point. Selectively darkening those 24 pixels instead raised normalised power to 84.8% without bypass diodes, while avoiding reverse-biased cells under the simulated conditions.
“Based on these findings, we developed a screening framework that classifies artistic images according to their expected power performance and hot-spot risk, using only two image-derived parameters: the brightest pixel and the overall brightness variation,” the academic added.
“The framework was further examined using additional images, demonstrating its potential to assess the electrical suitability of candidate artwork without requiring a full circuit-level simulation for every image.”
Concluding, Song said that his team is planning a few follow-up studies. These include incorporating measured reflectance spectra into a more realistic optical model, expanding the image database, and developing an AI-assisted tool to assess uploaded images and suggest modifications that improve power output and reduce hot-spot risks while preserving their appearance.
The article “Prediction Model for Power Output and Hot-spot Risk in Colored Photovoltaic Arrays with Artistic Image” has appeared in Energy. Researchers from South Korea’s Seoul National University of Science and Technology and Gachon University have participated in the study.

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Drinda turns out the lights on $280 million Oman solar project  Bamboo Works
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Bryan elementary students learn about solar power  Bryan Times
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Okarche Rep. Mike Dobrinski is a legislator who thinks solar power and agriculture in Oklahoma can co-exist.
He recently was on a panel at the Oklahoma Solar Summit held in Stillwater where he spoke of the opportunities and challenges facing ag producers as solar arrays are being developed across the state.
“I think that solar is very much needed,” Dobrinski said in an interview with the Oklahoma Farm Report. “We have embraced renewables in Oklahoma for the last 25 years with wind and solar.”
He also believes the spread of solar farms offers an opportunity for the state to explore ways for renewable energy and farming can coexist.
Rep. Dobrinski said agrivoltaics could provide a solution by allowing producers to continue grazing livestock or growing certain crops beneath and around solar panels.
“That is a win-win for everyone,” he added, particularly for producers struggling financially to maintain their operations.
Some opponents of solar farms have cried the massive arrays take away valuable farmland, such as the 5,000-acre Persica Solar farm proposed near Porter in Wagoner County.
Dobrinski believes the limited regulations in the state make it attractive for renewable energy development but he thinks there should be a better structure in place with minimal regulations.
“Obviously, landowner rights are first and foremost,” Dobrinski said, explaining that Oklahoma’s limited regulation has contributed to the state’s attractiveness for renewable energy development.
Although he has not observed significant abuses within the industry, Dobrinski believes additional oversight could improve transparency and public confidence.
“I think everyone would feel more comfortable if we had a structure in place of minimal regulation,” he said.
Nationally, solar project developers face a critical year in 2027. The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA), signed into law in July 2025, sharply shortened the timeline for wind and solar projects and credits for the projects disappear if the projects are not in service by the end of 2027. There is one exception to that 2027 cutoff. The OBBBA gave solar and wind projects one year to begin construction to retain tax credit eligibility, a countdown that ended July 4, 2026. Projects that met the July 4 deadline face a clock of their own. They generally have four calendar years after construction began to be placed in service. For projects that started this year, that means the end of 2030.
 
Jerry Bohnen is the founder and creator of OK Energy Today, which began in 2012. He is an Edward R. Murrow Investigative award winner and has been recognized by other national, regional and state institutions during his 50 years as a broadcast journalist. Contact Jerry at editor@okenergytoday.com
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The Ministry of Power has proposed making energy storage a compliance requirement for solar and wind-solar hybrid projects. It has also proposed that batteries used in these projects meet domestic content norms, in draft amendments to four sets of competitive bidding guidelines.
The ministry circulated the drafts and asked stakeholders to send comments by November 25, 2026, to [email protected]. The amendments are proposals and have not yet been notified in the Gazette of India.
Under the draft amendment to the solar PV bidding guidelines, procurement of solar power must comply with Central Government orders and Central Electricity Authority regulations that mandate installing Energy Storage Systems (ESS) alongside solar projects. Such storage must also meet domestic content requirements. The existing clause allowed solar procurement “with or without” storage.
For wind-solar hybrid projects, the draft changes Clause 3.3 so that storage “shall” be added to the solar component of the project, instead of “may” be added as at present. It also removes the earlier listed purposes of storage: reducing output variability, delivering higher energy for a given capacity and ensuring firm power for a period.
The Firm and Dispatchable Renewable Energy (FDRE) guidelines would require storage to comply with domestic content requirements under Central Government orders. The Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) guidelines would require tender documents to include provisions for domestic content compliance in BESS projects.
The drafts do not specify the content thresholds. These are expected to sit in separate Central Government orders.
The BESS draft also revises the payment security mechanism. Under the existing framework, the Intermediary Procurer “will” collect a non-refundable Rs 5 lakh per MWh from battery storage developers for the Payment Security Fund. The draft says it “may” collect an amount “not exceeding” that figure, in instalments set out in the tender documents.
Contribution to the fund would be optional for developers, and tender documents would have to say so clearly. Amounts collected would go to the fund set up by the Government of India for the Intermediary Procurer.
The draft also restates the bidding parameters for BESS capacity procurement. Bids may be invited on an availability-based fixed charge or annuity, expressed in rupees per kW or MW per year or month, and/or on the quantum of Viability Gap Funding (VGF) a bidder requires against a pre-specified tariff. The minimum term of the BESS power agreement is envisaged at eight years, extendable as needed.
The solar guidelines were notified on July 28, 2023, the wind-solar hybrid guidelines on August 21, 2023 and the FDRE guidelines on June 9, 2023. All three were later amended in November 2023, February 2024 and February 2025. The BESS guidelines date to March 10, 2022, and were amended on May 30, 2022.
The Ministry of Power’s proposed amendments make energy storage a compliance requirement for solar and wind-solar hybrid projects, but leave the details of the mandate to separate orders and regulations that the drafts do not name. They also do not say how much storage will be required, or for what duration. The solar clause itself carries an internal tension: the base text still allows projects “with or without” storage, while the new proviso mandates it wherever central orders apply.
Domestic content is the other open question. All four drafts require storage to comply with such norms, yet none defines what counts as domestic, whether cells, battery packs or the entire system, or sets a threshold. Industry may also seek clarity on transition arrangements for tenders already issued, and on how mandatory storage and localisation will affect bid tariffs. With comments due by November 25, the 15-day window for four sets of guidelines may prompt calls for an extension.
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Rezolv Energy appoints partners to build 1.36GWp Dama Solar project  PV Tech
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The US solar project pipeline grew 88% in the year to October 2026, but nearly half of all utility-scale projects fail to reach completion. While all projects are unique, key trends revealed in data from software supplier PVcase point to some of the most common failure modes. In a survey of utility-scale solar professionals commissioned …
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Day 1 | Europe’s Solar and Storage Markets 2027: What works where?
Day 2 | Solar + Storage Co-location: Three markets, three business cases
Day 3 | Solar Quality: Which technical risks still need better answers?
Day 4 | Cybersecurity and Procurement: What can European solar projects source in 2027 and beyond?
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As a media partner of Genera 2026, pv magazine will organize and moderate a session in Spanish in Madrid, during International Electrification and Decarbonization Week.
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As the government urges households to prepare for power cuts through its ‘Be Ready’ campaign, here’s how a solar battery could provide emergency electricity, what it could power and how long it might last
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There’s a socket in my house that I hope I’ll never really need to use. It looks like any other plug socket, but there’s one important difference: it’s connected to my solar battery. If the power goes out, I can flip a switch and use the electricity stored in the battery to keep a few essential appliances running.
So far, I’ve only used it to charge my laptop. But in a prolonged blackout, could it keep my fridge freezer running? What about the wifi, lights or even the kettle? And how long would the battery last before running out of charge?
These are questions I’ve been thinking about since the government launched its new “Be Ready” campaign, which encourages households to prepare for emergencies, including power cuts.
The government’s advice includes keeping torches, power banks and other essential supplies on hand; it also highlights how some homes with solar panels and battery storage can continue accessing electricity when the grid goes down. But there’s a catch: not every solar battery can do this, and even those that can may have their limitations.
As I discovered when I looked more closely at my own 9.5kWh GivEnergy system, having a battery doesn’t necessarily mean you can carry on using electricity as normal when the lights go out.
Read more: Best solar panels, compared
You might think that if you’ve got solar panels on your roof and a battery full of electricity, a power cut wouldn’t be much of a problem. Your panels could carry on generating electricity and your battery could take over when needed. Unfortunately, it doesn’t usually work like that.
Most domestic solar panel systems are connected to the electricity grid, so when there’s a power cut, they’re designed to shut down automatically, even if the sun is shining. Just recently, for example, I had a fault in my consumer unit and my house was without electricity. Because the solar panels are connected to a circuit in the unit, I wasn’t generating any electricity at this time.
And there’s a good reason for this. If solar panels continued sending electricity into the grid while engineers were repairing a fault, it could put them in danger.
The same problem applies to batteries. Unless yours has been set up to provide emergency power, it won’t necessarily keep your sockets and lights working when the grid goes down.
Some batteries, though, have what’s called an emergency power supply (EPS), which allows them to provide electricity independently of the grid, usually through a dedicated socket or specially configured circuits.
There are three main ways that this can work. The first is having a separate socket installed that’s connected to the battery, which you can turn on and use during a power cut.
Another, more costly option is that you can enable certain parts of the house, such as your lighting or the sockets serving your fridge-freezer, to continue receiving electricity. Or, finally, with the right equipment, you can have battery-powered electricity to most or all of the house, although there are still limits on how much you can use. As you can imagine, this is the most expensive option.
My system uses the first option, which is probably the simplest.
I have a 9.5kWh GivEnergy battery connected to an AC-coupled inverter. The inverter is the bit of equipment that converts the electricity stored in the battery into the type of electricity my household appliances can use. When the system was installed, I also had an electrician fit a dedicated backup socket inside the house. If there’s a power cut, I can simply operate a switch on the battery system to activate the emergency supply, then plug an appliance into the socket.
The rest of the house would still be without electricity. My lights wouldn’t suddenly come back on, and I couldn’t use any of the normal sockets. But I would have somewhere to plug in a few essentials, such as lamps, a heater or even a fridge-freezer.
My inverter’s specifications say it can provide up to 3,000VA of backup power, which is roughly equivalent to 3,000W for many common household appliances. That sounds like quite a lot, and potentially it is. But it doesn’t mean I could connect everything at once. The actual limit also depends on the backup socket and how it’s been installed. So what could I realistically run?
Read more: Best plug-in solar panels, reviewed
If the electricity went off for an extended period, my first concern would probably be the fridge-freezer. I’d also want to keep phones charged, have some lighting and, ideally, keep the wifi working, assuming the broadband network was still operating. The good news is that most of these use relatively little electricity.
A kettle or electric heater is another matter. These can draw several thousand watts while they’re running, which could take my inverter close to its backup power limit.
To get an idea of what’s possible, below are some typical estimates for the electricity different appliances consume.
Appliance
Estimated power consumption
Wifi router
10W
LED lamp
10W
Laptop
50W
Fridge-freezer
150-300W average
Television
100W
Kettle
2,000–3,000W
These aren’t measurements from my own appliances. They’re illustrative figures from the Centre for Sustainable Energy, and the actual amount of electricity used will vary depending on the brand and model and how it’s being used.
A fridge-freezer, for example, doesn’t run continuously; its compressor switches on and off to maintain the temperature, so its average electricity consumption is much lower than its power draw when the compressor is running.
There are also two different limits to consider. The first is how much electricity the battery can store, measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh). Mine has a nominal capacity of 9.5kWh. The second is how much power the inverter can deliver at any given moment, measured in kilowatts (kW). In other words, even with a full battery, I couldn’t necessarily run several high-powered appliances all at the same time.
I’d also need to think about the practicalities of connecting everything to one socket, using suitably rated extension leads without overloading them.
This is the question I was most curious about. After all, having a backup power supply is only so useful if it runs out after a couple of hours. The answer depends on how much electricity is stored in the battery when the power goes off and what you’re using it for.
My battery can store a nominal 9.5kWh, but I can’t assume all of that would be available to power appliances. Some electricity is lost when the inverter converts it, and the battery system itself uses energy to operate.
I’ve also never tested it through a prolonged blackout, so the following figures are estimates rather than measured running times.
To get a rough idea of how long my battery might last, I’ve made a few assumptions. If it were 80 per cent charged when the power went off, and I allowed 15 per cent of that stored energy for losses and unavailable capacity (meaning 85 per cent of that stored energy is available to use), I’d have approximately 6.5kWh to work with.
Using that figure, I’ve calculated the theoretical running times below. These aren’t guaranteed predictions of how my battery would perform in a real blackout, and the actual times could be considerably shorter. But they should give you an illustrative idea of what you might expect.
Total power consumption
Estimated running time
100W
Around 65 hours
200W
Around 32 hours
500W
Around 13 hours
1,000W
Around 6.5 hours
As I said, the 85 per cent assumption isn’t a verified efficiency figure for my system, and things such as inverter standby consumption and minimum battery charge levels could shorten the actual running time, especially over longer periods. Still, it’s encouraging. If I were careful about what I plugged in, the battery might be able to keep a few essential appliances working for a substantial period. Of course, there’s a fairly obvious catch: if the battery were nearly empty when the power cut happened, it would be much less useful.
You might think that with solar panels on the roof, I could simply recharge the battery when the sun came out and keep going indefinitely. Unfortunately, that’s not the case.
As we’ve seen, most grid-connected solar systems shut down during a power cut. And that means the panels aren’t automatically able to top up the battery, even if it’s a bright, sunny day.
Some newer battery systems can operate independently of the grid and allow solar panels to continue generating electricity during an outage. With the right equipment, they can potentially power appliances during the day and recharge the battery at the same time.
My system, though, is different. I have an AC-coupled GivEnergy inverter, and the standard emergency power supply arrangement for this type of inverter doesn’t allow the solar panels to recharge the battery during a blackout. So, unless my installation has additional equipment that changes this, I’d be relying on whatever electricity was already stored when the power went off.
It’s something worth checking with your installer, particularly if you’re thinking about buying a battery to provide emergency power.
A solar battery can power your whole house during a blackout, but only if it’s been set up to do so. Some home battery systems have equipment that can automatically disconnect the house from the grid when the power fails and switch it over to battery power. Others are designed to keep only certain circuits working, such as lighting, refrigeration and a few sockets.
My setup is more basic. I have one dedicated socket, rather than a system that keeps the entire house running. But even if you’ve got whole-home backup, you can’t necessarily carry on as though nothing has happened. A system with a 5kW backup output, for instance, could struggle if you tried to run an electric shower, oven and kettle simultaneously. And the more electricity you’re using, the faster the battery will run down. In a prolonged power cut, I’d be much more interested in keeping the essentials going than trying to power everything in the house.
The easiest place to start is with your installation paperwork or the manufacturer’s specifications. Look for terms such as emergency power supply, EPS, backup output or island mode.
If you’re not sure what your system can do, it’s worth asking your installer a few questions:
It’s much better to understand how everything works now than trying to figure it out by torchlight. And if your system needs any changes to provide backup power, these should be carried out by a suitably qualified electrician.
This is something I’m now reconsidering. I bought my battery primarily to save money on electricity. During the day, it stores any surplus electricity I generate, which I can then use in the evening instead of having to buy it from the grid.
Naturally, that means the battery isn’t always full. Depending on the weather and how much electricity we’re using, there are times when it could be nearly empty. This is fine when the grid is working normally, but it wouldn’t be ideal if a power cut happened at that moment.
Some battery systems allow you to keep a percentage of the stored electricity in reserve, rather than using it all during normal household operation. The trade-off, though, is that any electricity you save for emergencies is electricity you likely have to buy from the grid for everyday use. Over time, this could make your savings smaller. Whether that’s worthwhile probably depends on how concerned you are about power cuts and how often they happen where you live. For me, it’s certainly something to think about.
The government’s Be Ready campaign recommends preparing for power cuts by keeping essentials such as torches, charged power banks, a battery-powered radio, drinking water and food that doesn’t need cooking. It also highlights that some solar and battery systems can continue supplying electricity when the grid goes down, provided they’ve been designed to work independently of it. Having a battery is no substitute for those basic preparations. But it could make a prolonged power cut considerably easier to manage.
When I had mine installed, my main aim was to reduce my electricity bills, and the backup socket was a useful extra that I hoped I’d rarely have to use. And thankfully, that remains the case. But looking at what the battery could potentially power has made me appreciate that socket even more than I did before.
The biggest lesson is that simply having a solar battery doesn’t guarantee you’ll have electricity in a blackout. You need the right backup equipment, a certain type of installation, enough charge in the battery and a realistic idea of what you can run from it. And that’s something I’d rather know before the lights go out.
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Danish clean energy developer European Energy Australia has signed an exclusivity agreement with Blackstone-led consortium-owned Sydney-headquartered hyperscale data centre company AirTrunk to progress renewable energy projects in the Hunter region of New South Wales (NSW).
The proposed projects include a 260 MW solar project and 800 MWh battery energy storage system (BESS), and a 350 MWp wind project in the Hunter-Central Renewable Energy Zone (REZ) located north of Sydney between 150-250 kilometres across the REZ.
Anticipating commercial operation of the solar and battery projects by 2030, the companies are in discussions about a potential long-term power purchase agreement (PPA) to support AirTrunk’s NSW energy requirements, including for its proposed $3.7 billion (USD 2.5 billion), 44,220 square metre, two-storey 550 MW Kurri Kurri data centre campus in the Hunter Valley on the former Kurri Kurri smelter site at Loxford.
AirTrunk AVP Energy Sabooh Whitelaw said the company is focussed on bringing new renewable generation forward and securing renewable electricity through long-term supply arrangements.
 “The Hunter projects are an important step, but more renewable generation and firming will be needed to support Kurri Kurri and AirTrunk’s wider NSW needs,” Whitelaw said.
“We’ll continue working with developers and energy partners to progress further projects across Australia”.
European Energy Australia Managing Director Catriona McLeod noted the importance of AirTrunk and the tech sector more broadly, embracing renewable energy.
“Partnerships like this allow us to bring more renewables online and add more energy to the grid.”
“The partnership builds on AirTrunk and European Energy Australia’s work at the 31 MW Mulwala Solar Farm, which officially opened this week and is now supplying renewable electricity to NSW’s grid. The companies will continue to explore further renewable energy opportunities.”
AirTrunk Founder and CEO Robin Khuda said digital growth must bring new energy with it.
“The Australian government’s expectations and NSW’s guidelines set a high bar for the industry. This partnership is an important step towards delivering on that commitment,” Khuda said.
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South Carolina regulators on-site at Silfab as facility prepares for solar cell production  Queen City News
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For a project expected to operate for decades, every design decision contributes to the long-term performance of the asset. Module reliability, degradation characteristics and manufacturing quality can therefore be as important to lifecycle planning as the initial nameplate rating.
November 13, 2026. By News Bureau

IB Solar Targets 1 GW Solar Cell Capacity and BESS Expansion, Says Abhinav Mahajan

Solis’ Honey Raza Explains the Shift Towards Solar-Plus-Storage Solutions in India

Credence Solar’s Jinto Joseph Explains the Company’s Manufacturing Growth Strategy

Mohammed Saif Zaveri, JRST Technology, Explains Journey Towards Domestic Ingot Manufacturing

Amit Barve, RAYZON Solar, Says Tandem Technology Will Shape Future of Solar Manufacturing

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NAED Energy Holding Inc. Details the Rating of Its PV-1  GlobeNewswire
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The Ecuadorian government has introduced a 0% rate for value-added tax (VAT) and the tax on foreign currency outflows (ISD) on certain equipment and components used in the electricity sector, including solar PV and energy storage systems. The measure is established under Executive Decree 530, signed by President Daniel Noboa and published on Nov. 11 in the Fifth Supplement to Official Gazette No. 407.
The decree amends Article 194 of the regulations implementing the Internal Tax Regime Law. It covers equipment, turbines, inverters, generators, machinery, materials, supplies, components and systems, as well as associated parts and accessories. Eligible goods must be intended for the installation, expansion, rehabilitation, modernization, operation or maintenance of electricity infrastructure.
The 0% tax rates apply to equipment used in solar PV, wind, hydropower, thermal and geothermal generation facilities, among other technologies. They also cover energy storage systems and their components, as well as electricity transmission, distribution and retail infrastructure.
The Ministry of Environment and Energy has issued Ministerial Agreement MAE-MAE-2026-0118-AM, identifying 55 categories of goods eligible for the 0% VAT rate on the domestic market. The list includes solar cells, modules, panels, generators, inverters, power optimizers, charge controllers, mounting structures, tracking systems and direct-current (DC) solar cables.
For energy storage, eligible products include stationary battery cells and modules, battery banks, integrated storage systems, bidirectional converters and battery management equipment.
The agreement also establishes 104 tariff subheadings covering imports eligible for the 0% ISD rate. The tax benefits apply exclusively to goods and transactions expressly listed in the official annexes.
Article 55 of the Internal Tax Regime Law already provided for a VAT exemption on solar PV generation equipment and accessories. The new decree clarifies the regulatory scope of that provision and establishes the ISD treatment for imports included in the official list.
Both the decree and the ministerial agreement were published on Nov. 11, with the new rates taking effect on Nov. 12, 2026.
The decree also includes a transitional provision covering domestic purchases and imports made between Jan. 1, 2026, and the date the reform entered into force. Taxpayers may deduct VAT paid on eligible goods as an expense for the 2026 income tax year, provided the amounts have not already been claimed as input tax credits or offset against VAT collected on sales.
The measure forms part of broader regulatory changes in Ecuador’s electricity sector. The country has been seeking to accelerate private investment in renewable energy following the electricity shortages and widespread blackouts of 2024.
In August 2025, the government had authorized 643 MW of private renewable energy projects, including solar and hydropower. The total comprised 179.1 MW of distributed generation projects intended to supply the electricity market and 464.6 MW of self-generation capacity for corporate consumers, with the option to sell surplus electricity.
According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Ecuador had 131.35 MW of cumulative installed solar PV capacity at the end of 2025, up from approximately 84 MW in 2024.
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Tuesday, November 24, 2026
3:00 pm – 4:00 pm CET, Berlin, Paris, Madrid
The new issue of pv magazine Global is out now!
Available in print and digital – get your copy today!
Day 1 | Europe’s Solar and Storage Markets 2027: What works where?
Day 2 | Solar + Storage Co-location: Three markets, three business cases
Day 3 | Solar Quality: Which technical risks still need better answers?
Day 4 | Cybersecurity and Procurement: What can European solar projects source in 2027 and beyond?
Friday, November 13, 2026
10:00 am – 11:00 am CET, Berlin, Paris, Madrid
As a media partner of Genera 2026, pv magazine will organize and moderate a session in Spanish in Madrid, during International Electrification and Decarbonization Week.
Monday, November 23, 2026
11:00 am – 12:00 pm CEST, Berlin, Paris, Madrid

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JA to supply n-type modules to Teraco’s 120MW Sediba solar project in South Africa  PV Tech
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A public consultation has been launched on proposals for a large-scale solar farm in West Lindsey.
Renewable energy developer Elgin said the 99MW Stone Pit Lane Solar Farm, planned on land south of Keelby, could generate enough renewable electricity to power up to 40,000 homes.
The company said it was seeking feedback from residents before submitting a planning application to West Lindsey District Council.
The consultation runs from 12 November to 10 December, with drop-in sessions taking place at Keelby Village Hall on 18 and 19 November.
According to the developer, the scheme would help increase Britain's supply of renewable energy, reduce reliance on imported fossil fuels and support energy security.
The company has also pledged to establish a Community Benefit Fund to support local groups and projects, with ideas from residents welcomed during the consultation.
Senior development manager Jamie Andrews said: "The plans are at an early stage, meaning the design is evolving and local expertise will play an important role in determining the final scheme."
The latest proposals follow a series of major solar development plans across Lincolnshire.
Earlier this year, plans for a solar farm near Keelby and Healing were approved by North East Lincolnshire Council, despite objections from local residents, as well as Healing Parish Council and Keelby Parish Council.
The site is located in two council areas and a planning application has also been approved by West Lindsey District Council, subject to conditions.
Meanwhile, a legal challenge to the UK's largest currently approved solar farm has been rejected by the High Court.
The Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) approved Springwell Solar Farm, between Lincoln and Sleaford, in April, saying it would help "bring down bills for good".
Lincolnshire County Council and North Kesteven District Council sought to overturn the decision, arguing the project would harm rural communities and landscapes.
County council leader Sean Matthews said he was "bitterly disappointed" by the outcome.
"We've got to think of food security and this government just don't do that," he said.
"They're just going to be covering more and more of our good, most versatile land with solar panels."
Springwell is classed as a Nationally Significant Infrastructure Project (NSIP), meaning it required government approval.
Smaller projects can be decided locally.
In August, one farmer told the BBC he had no choice but to turn to solar in order to survive.
Matthews said he was "all for solar panels", adding: "I just don't want them on our farmland."
He said more needed to be done to support struggling farmers to ensure growing crops remained a viable business.
"That's a bigger discussion that we need to have with supermarkets," he added.
Listen to highlights from Lincolnshire on BBC Sounds, watch the latest episode of Look North.
Download the BBC News app from the App Store for iPhone and iPad or Google Play for Android devices
Two councils launched a claim for a judicial review after the approval of Springwell Solar Farm.
Cople Parish Council says the project will lead to the loss of "high quality" agricultural land.
The government refused permission for the £800m Botley West solar farm in Oxfordshire on Tuesday.
Harm to greenbelt land and "adverse impacts on aviation safety” are among the reasons.
The government approves of the development Green Hill Solar Farm despite local opposition.
Copyright 2026 BBC. All rights reserved. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read about our approach to external linking.
 

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ReNew Energy has announced plans to invest around INR 80,000 crore ($8.9 billion) in digital infrastructure and clean energy manufacturing projects in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.
The proposed investments include an INR 67,000 crore, 1 GW green hyperscale data center in Anakapalli; INR 11,000 crore in polysilicon and metallurgical silicon manufacturing facilities in Anakapalli and Nellore; and an INR 1,500 crore permanent magnet manufacturing facility in Rambilli.
The company also plans to establish the ReNew Centre for Technical Excellence (R-CTE) in Visakhapatnam under the Indian government’s PM SETU scheme.
The polysilicon and metallurgical silicon facilities will strengthen India’s domestic solar manufacturing supply chain. They will complement ReNew’s existing investments in solar manufacturing, including a 6.5 GW ingot and wafer production facility in Anakapalli, which is expected to be commissioned by March 2028.
The proposed 1 GW hyperscale data center in Anakapalli will be powered by renewable energy, expanding ReNew’s presence in digital infrastructure.
ReNew also plans to invest INR 1,500 crore in a permanent magnet manufacturing facility in Rambilli, with commissioning scheduled for March 2029.
As part of its workforce development initiatives, ReNew will collaborate with the Andhra Pradesh government to develop a cluster of five industrial training institutes (ITIs) in Gajuwaka, Visakhapatnam, into the ReNew Centre for Technical Excellence.
The initiative falls under the PM SETU framework, which provides for indicative investments of up to INR 241 crore over five years for a typical hub-and-spoke ITI cluster. The center will focus on developing industry-relevant technical skills and improving employability in renewable energy, advanced manufacturing and related sectors.
ReNew currently operates 717 MW of wind and 60 MW of solar capacity across 10 sites in Andhra Pradesh.
As of Oct. 30, 2026, the company’s gross clean energy portfolio stood at 20.5 GW, including 1.7 GW/6.2 GWh of battery energy storage systems (BESS).
ReNew also has 6.4 GW of solar module and 2.5 GW of solar cell manufacturing capacity. It is adding another 4 GW of solar cell production capacity, which is expected to become operational in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2027.
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Tuesday, November 24, 2026
3:00 pm – 4:00 pm CET, Berlin, Paris, Madrid
The new issue of pv magazine Global is out now!
Available in print and digital – get your copy today!
Day 1 | Europe’s Solar and Storage Markets 2027: What works where?
Day 2 | Solar + Storage Co-location: Three markets, three business cases
Day 3 | Solar Quality: Which technical risks still need better answers?
Day 4 | Cybersecurity and Procurement: What can European solar projects source in 2027 and beyond?
Friday, November 13, 2026
10:00 am – 11:00 am CET, Berlin, Paris, Madrid
As a media partner of Genera 2026, pv magazine will organize and moderate a session in Spanish in Madrid, during International Electrification and Decarbonization Week.
Monday, November 23, 2026
11:00 am – 12:00 pm CEST, Berlin, Paris, Madrid

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On November 9, the Business 20 (B20) Summit kicked off in Washington, D.C. JinkoSolar, a global leader in photovoltaic and energy storage, was invited to attend. As the only photovoltaic company invited, it participated as a core member of the Energy Task Force, engaging in discussions with leaders from globally renowned companies, international organizations, and business associations on energy issues. This marks the 11th consecutive year that JinkoSolar has been invited to attend the B20 Summit.
The theme of the 2026 U.S. B20 Energy Task Force’s recommendations is “Powering global growth through secure, abundant, affordable energy supply and infrastructure.” It calls on G20 leaders to collaborate with the private sector to mobilize various forms of investment, support technological innovation, enhance universal access to energy, accelerate the improvement of the global energy system, and achieve long-term sustainable prosperity for both the environment and the economy. Strengthen global energy security through resource input and infrastructure development; ensure an adequate energy supply through a diversified and inclusive energy mix, and address the surging demand for electricity driven by artificial intelligence (AI) and the industrial sector by advancing grid modernization.
As a core member of the Energy Task Force, JinkoSolar, drawing on its large-scale practices in the global photovoltaic and energy storage sectors, has put forward five recommendations:
The B20 Energy Task Force serves as the core platform for energy recommendations from the G20 business community, focusing on key issues such as global energy security and construction. The recommendations will be submitted to G20 leaders for consideration. Becoming a core member of this task force means entering the key circle of global energy governance and participating in cutting-edge agendas that affect national energy strategies.
Having been deeply involved in the B20 process for 11 consecutive years, JinkoSolar, drawing on its frontline industry practices, has translated experience—such as the supply of affordable green energy, the synergy between solar power and energy storage, and the integration of computing and power—into actionable projects. The company serves as a bridge between the industry and policymakers in global energy governance, while also demonstrating the positive value of Chinese solar-storage enterprises participating in international energy governance.

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Malaysia will continue providing residential solar rebates to approved applicants under its Sustainable Rebate and Incentive Assistance (SuRIA) Home programme into 2027, the country’s Energy Transition and Water Transformation Minister Fadillah Yusof has confirmed.
The SuRIA Home programme launched in June with a MYS 150 million ($36.7 million) budget. The scheme offers eligible households a rebate of MYS 600 ($147.11)/kW of installed solar capacity up to a maximum of MYS 3,000 per household for a 5 kW PV system.
Yusof’s update to parliament earlier this week confirmed that applicants whose installations have not been completed by the programme’s scheduled Dec. 31, 2026 end date will remain eligible for their approved rebates, provided their solar systems are installed by March 2027.
There is currently MYS 90 million worth of funding support remaining, the minister added.
Government statistics state that 12,374 households had received support through the scheme as of September 15, worth a combined MYS 36.2 million. The government set a target of supporting 50,000 homeowners under the scheme at the time of its launch.
Yusof also provided parliament with an update on Malaysia’s Solar Accelerated Transition Action Programme (Solar ATAP), which allows residential, commercial and industrial customers to install solar for self-consumption while exporting surplus power to the grid. It came into effect at the start of the year.
The programme had approved 24,291 applications representing 391.85 MW of solar capacity as of September 15, Yusof said, compared to with 135.92 MW approved as of April 30, representing an increase of almost 190% in approved capacity over four and a half months.
Yusof also highlighted solar leasing and rent-to-own arrangements as alternative financing options that could reduce upfront costs and make residential solar installations more accessible to lower- and middle-income households in Malaysia.
Malaysia added 1.4 GW of solar last year, taking cumulative capacity to in excess of 5.7 GW.
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Tuesday, November 24, 2026
3:00 pm – 4:00 pm CET, Berlin, Paris, Madrid
The new issue of pv magazine Global is out now!
Available in print and digital – get your copy today!
Day 1 | Europe’s Solar and Storage Markets 2027: What works where?
Day 2 | Solar + Storage Co-location: Three markets, three business cases
Day 3 | Solar Quality: Which technical risks still need better answers?
Day 4 | Cybersecurity and Procurement: What can European solar projects source in 2027 and beyond?
Friday, November 13, 2026
10:00 am – 11:00 am CET, Berlin, Paris, Madrid
As a media partner of Genera 2026, pv magazine will organize and moderate a session in Spanish in Madrid, during International Electrification and Decarbonization Week.
Monday, November 23, 2026
11:00 am – 12:00 pm CEST, Berlin, Paris, Madrid

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India’s installed power capacity rises to 560 GW, non-fossil sources account for 55 pc  Social News XYZ
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US midterms: Data centre backlash could slow solar’s AI boom  PV Tech
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Multiple assembly line modules can be deployed on a single project to boost production capacity.
​Terabase Energy's automated solar installation platform will be deployed at a 457 MW solar project in Texas.
These systems can assemble one unit in about 2 minutes when operating continuously.
It can achieve 20 MW production output in a week's time, the company claimed.
A solar project in Navarro County, Texas, is shifting to an automated platform to accelerate the completion of its 457 MW renewable energy project.
​The system, Terafab V2, behaves like a small, portable modular robotic factory that helps with on-site assembly and installation of solar modules. Interestingly, the system also oversees the management and planning of the entire project.
​U.S.-based Terabase Energy describes its upgraded system, launched this April, as a modular “factory” that assembles solar components for quality checks and site placement.
​Once installed, these systems can assemble one unit in about 2 minutes when operating continuously, the company claimed. At this rate, it can achieve 20 MW production output in a week’s time, it added.
​Matrix Renewables, a Spanish company, is behind this recent commercial deployment at the Tormes Solar project in the Southern state. These upgraded automated solar construction platforms have been field-tested and are currently optimized for First Solar Series 7 modules and Nextpower trackers.
​Much of the work in solar fields is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and incurs huge costs for transporting the bulky raw materials. To tackle these challenges, the Terabase Energy has created a temporary production line on the farm and automated it.
Before the portable robotic assembly begins, solar panels and metal hardware like tracker torque tubes, frames, brackets, and mounts are delivered to the farm.
​The system’s robots fasten the photovoltaic modules onto long rotating steel tubes, called tracker torque tubes — steel frames that allow solar panels to track the sun.
​Once the automated system has completed assembly of the finished units, it uses AI-assisted tools to perform quality checks, confirming everything is correctly placed. After this, the automated vehicles called rovers carry the assembled units across the solar farm for the final installation. At last, workers in the field remove the assembled solar panels before placing them onto tracker supports that are already fixed in the ground.
​These modular and portable robotic systems can be set up in approximately four hours, which means it can be deployed quickly and also relocated easily to move across the solar farm as construction advances.
​Multiple such assembly line modules can be created on a single project and increase the production capacity, Terabase Energy highlighted.
​Apart from the rapid deployment and relocation benefits of assembly line production units, Terabase’s platform combines automation hardware with software.
​Rather than simply deploying robots, the platform combines planning, material tracking, and logistics software with a digital replica of the construction site. This allows the managers to monitor and coordinate the project more effectively.
​The company expects to speed up the construction of solar projects by integrating robotic systems at different stages.
​Compared with conventional utility-scale PV installation methods, adopting its automated construction approach can double labor productivity, the company claimed. However, the actual output, it added, depends on project configuration, equipment utilization and site conditions.
​Terabase said the first-generation Terafab platform, available since 2022, has been used to install about 40 MW of tracker-mounted solar capacity across several U.S. projects, including in Arizona and Texas.
​Moving forward, the company aims to expand the system’s compatibility with other module and tracker technologies. It is also working on developing additional robots to automate the final installation step that still requires workers.
​

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KITCHENER, ON, Nov. 13, 2026 /PRNewswire/ — CS PowerTech Inc., a subsidiary of Canadian Solar Inc. (NASDAQ: CSIQ) and the largest silicon PV solar manufacturer in the U.S., today announced that it has received an AA rating from Terawatt PV Research in its Q3 2026 U.S. Solar Manufacturing report, underscoring the Company's growing domestic manufacturing footprint and commitment to the U.S. solar supply chain.
The AA rating provides independent recognition of CS PowerTech's manufacturing platform and its focus on building a scaled, globally competitive, and resilient domestic solar supply chain. CS PowerTech is one of only three manufacturers, out of 22 evaluated, to receive a rating of AA or higher. The report assessed manufacturers based on their U.S. production output and capital expenditure.
Finlay Colville, founder of Terawatt PV Research and co-host of the recent Solar Manufacturing USA 2026 event in Austin Texas, said, “Canadian Solar's AA rating in the Q3 2026 release of the Solar Manufacturing USA Quarterly report reflects the company's significant investments in new solar cell and module facilities in Indiana and Texas.”
Rusty Schmit, President of CS PowerTech Inc., added, “We're building a U.S. manufacturing platform designed to compete for the long term, and this AA rating is an important recognition of our progress. Our strategy is straightforward: invest in advanced, reliable technology and build the domestic manufacturing capabilities our customers need. I'm proud of what our team has accomplished in Texas and Indiana and eager to build on our momentum.”
The recognition comes at an important time for the U.S. solar industry, as customers, developers, financial institutions, and other stakeholders increasingly look beyond manufacturing capacity alone, placing greater emphasis on the quality, resilience, and long-term credibility of their manufacturing partners.
About CS PowerTech Inc.
CS PowerTech is one of the largest North American PV manufacturers and energy storage solutions providers, offering complete turnkey solutions for solar and energy storage. The company is a subsidiary of Canadian Solar Inc. (NASDAQ: CSIQ) and operates U.S.-based manufacturing and sales operations for solar modules and solar cells in Mesquite, Texas, and Jeffersonville, Indiana, respectively. CS PowerTech is focused on building a cohesive and scalable U.S. manufacturing and sales ecosystem that employs more than 3,000 Americans, supports local communities, accelerates clean energy adoption, and reinforces long-term American energy leadership and independence.
About Canadian Solar Inc.
Canadian Solar is one of the world's largest solar technology and renewable energy companies. Founded in 2001 and headquartered in Kitchener, Ontario, the Company is a leading manufacturer of solar photovoltaic modules; provider of solar energy and battery energy storage solutions; and developer, owner, and operator of utility-scale solar power and battery energy storage projects. Over the past 25 years, Canadian Solar has successfully delivered nearly 180 GW of premium-quality solar photovoltaic modules to customers across the world. Through its energy storage solutions business e-STORAGE, Canadian Solar has shipped over 23 GWh of battery energy storage solutions to global markets and had a contracted backlog of $3.5 billion as of June 30, 2026. Since entering the project development business in 2010, Canadian Solar has developed, built, and connected approximately 12.4 GWp of solar power projects and 6.4 GWh of battery energy storage projects globally. Its geographically diversified project development pipeline includes approximately 22 GWp of solar and 84 GWh of battery energy storage capacity in various stages of development. Canadian Solar is one of the most bankable companies in the solar and renewable energy industry, having been publicly listed on the NASDAQ since 2006. For additional information about the Company, follow Canadian Solar on LinkedIn or visit www.canadiansolar.com.
Safe Harbor/Forward-Looking Statements 
Certain statements in this press release, including those regarding the Company's expected future shipment volumes, revenues, gross margins, and project sales, are forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. These statements are made under the “Safe Harbor” provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by such terms as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “future,” “ongoing,” “continue,” “intend,” “plan,” “potential,” “prospect,” “guidance,” “believe,” “estimate,” “is/are likely to,” or similar expressions, the negative of these terms, or other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements include, among other things, our expectations regarding global electricity demand and the adoption of solar and battery energy storage technologies; our growth strategies, future business performance, and financial condition; our transition to a long-term owner and operator of clean energy assets and expansion of project pipelines; our ability to monetize project portfolios, manage supply chain fluctuations, and respond to economic factors such as inflation and interest rates; our outlook on government incentives, trade measures, regulatory developments, and geopolitical risks; our expectations for project timelines, costs, and returns; competitive dynamics in solar and storage markets; our ability to execute supply chain, manufacturing, and operational initiatives; access to capital, debt obligations, and covenant compliance; relationships with key suppliers and customers; technological advancement and product quality; and risks related to intellectual property, litigation, and compliance with environmental and sustainability regulations. Other risks are described in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including its annual report on Form 20-F filed on April 10, 2026. Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, it cannot guarantee future results, level of activity, performance, or achievements. Investors should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. All information provided in this press release is as of today's date, unless otherwise stated, and Canadian Solar undertakes no duty to update such information, except as required under applicable law.
Canadian Solar Inc. Investor Relations Contact
Wina Huang
Investor Relations
Canadian Solar Inc.
[email protected]

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Metlen starts construction at 252MW/375MWh solar-plus-storage plant in Greece  PV Tech
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PVH Showcases AxoneDuo Infinity Solar Tracker at REI Expo 2026, Strengthens Engagement with Indian Solar Industry  SolarQuarter
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The cost-effectiveness logic of Chinese photovoltaic equipment going global has failed under rules such as FEOC.
Energy Foresight learned that on November 10, German equipment manufacturer SINGULUS announced that it has signed the first heterojunction production line supply contract with SpaceX, with an amount exceeding 60 million euros.
Chinese equipment manufacturers were not included in this order, and the problem is not the quotation. Tesla’s factory construction application documents in Texas show that the $10.1 billion investment is highly dependent on subsidies to be economically viable; 45X grants subsidies based on output, with a total of $0.11 per watt for batteries and modules. Calculated based on the 100GW target, the annual credit is about $11 billion.
The FEOC clause (Foreign Entity of Concern rule) ties the credit eligibility to the identity of suppliers, and Chinese equity, debt or technology licensing of suppliers may invalidate the credit. Three weeks ago, SINGULUS just cleared all Chinese debts, equities and supervisors, and the payer is SpaceX.
What this order buys is a supplier entity that can pass the compliance review. The logic of Chinese equipment going global by relying on cost-effectiveness has failed entirely for the first time.
The buyer did not never have the idea of purchasing Chinese equipment. On March 20, 2026, Reuters reported that Tesla was negotiating a Chinese equipment procurement of about 2.9 billion US dollars, with Maxwell, Jiejia Weichuang and Laplace listed as candidates. After the news of the inspection of “two groups of people, one industrial chain” spread in early February, GCL, TCL Zhonghuan and Gaice successively confirmed that they had contacts, but in nine months, clarification announcements came one after another, and the order announcement never appeared.
The crux is not the progress of negotiations. 8.6 billion US dollars of Tesla’s factory is for equipment, which is a one-time capital expenditure; The 45X credit is issued annually based on output and runs through the whole life cycle of the project. No matter how cheap Chinese equipment is, what it saves is only a small part of the former.
The Ministry of Finance and the IRS confirmed in Notice 2026-15 that intellectual property licensing can constitute “effective control” under specific conditions; equity and debt relationships are separately identified according to the thresholds in the FEOC/PFE rules. Once a supplier is linked to a prohibited foreign entity, the manufacturer’s 45X credit has to be re-reviewed; the specific definition of prohibited entities still leaves room for clarification.
One is the one-time equipment price difference, and the other is the cash flow issued annually that determines whether the project can be established. The two are not in the same order of magnitude, and the procurement department has no reason to exchange the latter for the former.
Therefore, Chinese equipment manufacturers are excluded, which has nothing to do with product performance. Its appearance on the supplier list will prevent the buyer from getting the money that makes the project viable. What the buyer avoids is its own compliance risk, and the technical selection has not happened at all. Those “contacts”, “inspections” and “candidates” in the past nine months have never been the prelude to the order — This transaction structure cannot pass the review from the very beginning. The market misread the clarification announcements one by one as “the negotiation has not been completed”.
Since identity determines eligibility, the winner must be an entity that is clean under the regulatory caliber. SINGULUS achieved revenue of 60.4 million euros in the first nine months of 2026, with EBIT (earnings before interest and tax) of 1.2 million euros, 312 employees, and 47.1 million euros of orders on hand as of September 30 — a 60 million euro production line exceeds all its orders on hand. Such a scale has no advantages in production capacity or delivery.
The series of actions it completed three weeks ago correspond item by item to the identification clues of FEOC.
On October 21, 2026, SINGULUS borrowed 22.75 million euros of subordinated secured loans, all of which were used to pay off the debts to Triumph Technology Group (Triumph under China National Building Material) and its related parties, and the related 15.3 million euros of orders were written off; Triumph transferred 16.75% of its shares to German investors, and the dispatched supervisor resigned on the same day.
The announcement on November 10 made it clear that the “technical partner” who paid twice in March and October is SpaceX. Debt, equity and control are exactly the three calibers repeatedly cited in the identification of “Foreign Entity of Concern”. The announcement on October 21 also specially thanked China National Building Material for its many years of cooperation, saying that the two sides have jointly made progress in thin-film solar technology and realized industrialization.
SpaceX spent twice in this transaction: One is to transform the seller into a qualified entity, and the other is to place an order with this entity. The first sum determines whether the second sum can be spent.
Twenty days, from clearing accounts to signing the contract, there is no room for price comparison in the middle. The premise of the first order transaction is to first have a legal entity that can pass the review, and equipment procurement comes after this matter. What is cleared is the legal relationship, and the technical relationship remains in the announcement.
The rule examines the legal relationship that can be filled in the form, and the technical source is not in the form. SINGULUS SOLAR GmbH under the group was established in June 2024 as a joint venture with Jinchen Co., Ltd., with Jinchen holding 49% of the shares, which is exactly engaged in TOPCon and HJT turnkey full lines (the equipment manufacturer completes installation and commissioning, and the customer can start operation after taking over). This shareholding ratio was listed in the list of participating and holding subsidiaries in the 2026 semi-annual report.
The Chinese majority shareholder left, but the Chinese joint venture partner still remains. This practice in the industry has become routine: In order to avoid the 25% shareholding identification line, Chinese-funded enterprises such as Canadian Solar, JA Solar and LONGi have reduced their Chinese-funded shareholding to 24.9% in some overseas projects. Compliance has become a structure that can be designed. Chinese manufacturers going global compete on transaction arrangements instead of equipment quotations.
The trouble is that the most realistic road is watched at both ends. Joint venture plus technology licensing is one of the few arrangements that can protect both the market and technology at present; FEOC lists Chinese technology licenses that constitute effective control as risks, while China’s Announcement No. 48 lists HJT P-type technologies and equipment with AM0 efficiency ≥ 20.5% as restricted exports. The registration before export takes effect immediately, and perovskite tandem is planned to be prohibited from export. AM0 is the illumination standard outside the atmosphere, which points exactly to the space scenario. One list checks your identity to enter, and the other checks what you can take out, clamping the transaction structure itself.
In the market on November 11, this change was not priced. Maxwell shares fell sharply, Jiejia Weichuang and Laplace moved lower synchronously; on the other side, Yamatong had three consecutive daily limits, Zerun New Energy rose 20.01%, Jinchen Co., Ltd. rose 9.98%, and ten stocks hit the daily limit. The ones that fell are the leading equipment manufacturers that have included the overseas order expectation into their valuations, and the ones that rose are the concept stocks without overseas orders.
Among them, Jinchen Co., Ltd. is a 49% shareholder of SINGULUS’s joint venture, which should have been the most direct beneficiary target of the “eligibility logic”, but the market attribution on that day fell on the “Musk concept”. The market is still pricing this news according to the old framework: equipment stocks depend on orders, and concept stocks depend on headlines. The rise and fall on that day measured the order expectation and concept popularity, but did not measure the rule itself. The rule has changed, but the pricing method has not.
SINGULUS officially wrote that after the cooperation is gradually expanded, it will “support more than 100GW of production equipment”, and what is implemented is a production line to be delivered in the first half of 2027; Tesla’s $10.1 billion factory will not be put into commercial operation until the first quarter of 2029. A heterojunction industry insider quoted by Shanghai Securities News said that the feasibility of Chinese photovoltaic enterprises participating in the construction of this factory is “relatively low”.
The 14 US tariff exemptions for photovoltaic equipment are only extended to January 9, 2027, and the consultation period for China’s “Catalogue” draft ends on November 15. The most noteworthy date among these dates is November 15: which efficiency gear the official draft sets for HJT restrictions determines whether Chinese manufacturers can still incorporate the technology into a compliant structure. Before that, no matter how many rumors of “Musk’s team coming for inspection” there are, they cannot be exchanged for an order announcement.
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Zacks Industry Outlook Highlights First Solar, Sunrun and Tigo Energy  Yahoo Finance
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Clarkson’s solar panels prove you most choose between money and principles in the countryside  The Telegraph
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