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Global solar PV installations are forecast to decline for the first time in 2026 to 584 GW, forecasts BloombergNEF 
China is expected to play a major role in the market slowdown this year, before the pace accelerates next year onward 
It expects battery storage growth over the next five years, but sees challenges in integrating variable renewable generation 
Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BloombergNEF) forecasts global solar PV installations to reach 584 GW DC in 2026, marking the first annual decline in PV deployment. Installations are expected to recover to 618 GW DC in 2027.  
The 2026 forecast represents a 10.8% year-on-year (YoY) decline from the 655 GW DC BloombergNEF estimated for 2025 (see Solar To Become World’s Largest Power Source By 2032). 
At a China Photovoltaic Industry Association seminar in the first quarter of 2025, analyst Youru Tan presented a forecast of 753 GW DC for 2026. Later, in December 2025, BloombergNEF lowered the projection to 649 GW DC of solar installations (see BloombergNEF Raises 2025 Solar Installation Forecast To Around 700 GW DC).  
China, the world’s largest solar market, is expected to drive the decline in global installations. BloombergNEF previously projected 310 GW DC of additions in China in 2026. This compares with a record 315 GW AC of solar capacity installed in 2025, according to the country’s National Energy Administration. The figures are measured on different bases (see China Sets New Annual Solar PV Installation Record In 2025). 
SolarPower Europe’s Global Solar Market Outlook 2026–2030 estimated that global solar PV installations reached a record 664 GW in 2025. Under its Medium Scenario, installations are forecast to decline by 8% to 612 GW in 2026, primarily due to an expected 24% drop in China following changes to the country’s solar market policies (see Global Solar PV Installs Hit 664 GW In 2025; 8% Drop Ahead). 
In a Substack thread, BloombergNEF clean power analyst Jenny Chase described 2026 as ‘the end of the beginning of the age of cheap solar’, noting that it is likely to be the first year of declining PV deployment. She said module prices in normal markets remain at around $0.11–$0.12/W, only slightly above the record low of $0.09/W in 2025, before China canceled its export tax rebate (see China To Remove Solar Export Tax Rebates From April 1, 2026). 
Chase attributed the slowdown partly to solar saturation in major markets, where abundant generation during sunny hours depresses electricity prices. Adding more solar capacity can exacerbate this effect because generation peaks at the same time. In markets with more room to grow, grid access and permitting remain key constraints, according to Chase. 
She expects battery storage deployment to accelerate over the next five years, which should help integrate solar generation and shift electricity supply to periods of higher demand. However, storage alone cannot address all the challenges posed by variable renewable generation, making complementary sources such as wind and longer-duration storage important.
TaiyangNews 2024

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Boosting Zambia’s Renewable Energy with Sineng’s Inverters  SolarQuarter
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Solar panel plan at Nashville Fairgrounds  WKRN News 2
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The UN Climate Change Conference COP31 will take place in Türkiye in November 2026. A flagship target is to raise the share of final energy demand met by electricity from 20% today to 35% by 2035.
Rising electricity demand signals rising affluence in developing countries, and progress towards “electrification of everything” via solar and wind. Dramatically cheaper, cleaner and more reliable domestic energy is a result.
Most industrial economies (including USA, China, the European Union, Japan and Australia) have annual per capita electricity consumption in the range 6-12 MWh compared with the global average of 4 MWh. For Latin America, India and ASEAN the figure is 1-3 MWh.
In an affluent advanced economy, about 20 Megawatt-hours (MWh) of clean electricity per person per year is required for decarbonisation of land transport, heating & cooling in buildings, water heating, and industrial process heat. This is relatively straightforward using off-the-shelf technology.
Another 5-25 MWh per person per year is required for decarbonization of the chemical industry, which includes metals, plastics, cement, precursor chemicals, and synthetic shipping & aviation fuels. This needs substantial technology development over the next decade.
The “Final energy” mentioned in the COP31 target refers to energy products delivered to the consumer, including vehicle fuel, natural gas and electricity. This is a silly measure of energy because it conflates chemical energy with electrical energy. The electricity used in a heat pump or electric vehicle is 3-5 times smaller than fossil fuel energy delivering the same service.
COP31 is led jointly by Türkiye and Australia. Australia has a good electrification story to tell.
Australia is the global n. 1 for per capita solar generation, and n. 8 for wind. The Government target for 2030 is 82% of electricity from renewables (mostly solar and wind), up from 50% today.
The state of South Australia is tracking towards 100% net supply of electricity from solar and wind in 2028. South Australia has become an attractive destination for companies wishing to manufacture using clean energy.
More than 40% of Australian dwellings have rooftop solar (global n. 1 per capita), tracking towards 50% by 2030. The average size of new systems is 10 kW with turnkey cost of $10,000. This low cost arises from very smooth Government approvals, an experienced workforce, and absence of tariffs.
About 7% of Australian dwellings have home batteries, which is expected to triple by 2030, making Australia the global n. 1 per capita. The typical size of new home batteries is 25 kWh. Home battery uptake is driven by Government support, which is gradually reducing as it does its job of kick-starting the industry.
A revolution in domestic energy is underway. Home batteries coupled with rooftop solar, heat pumps and an EV allows families to enjoy abundant, clean, reliable and permanently cheap domestic energy: below $800 per year for electricity (and zero natural gas and vehicle fuel bills).
Completion of the 350 GWh Snowy 2.0 system around 2029 will deliver 13 kWh of long duration rechargeable pumped hydro energy storage per person (global n. 1).
EV uptake is rising rapidly, driven by the war on Iran. It’s currently at one quarter of new car sales (similar to the global average), although well behind the global leader Norway at 98%.
The rise of solar and batteries is having a remarkable effect on wholesale electricity prices. The graph shows inflation-adjusted average wholesale spot market prices in Australia’s national electricity market since 2012 (blue bars) and the renewable energy fraction of generation (red line). Expensive fossil gas is being pushed out of the market for both ancillary services and peak period power – gas dropped from 13% of generation a decade ago to 3% today.
Authors: Prof. Ricardo Rüther (UFSC), Prof. Andrew Blakers (ANU)
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ISES, the International Solar Energy Society is a UN-accredited membership NGO founded in 1954 working towards a world with 100% renewable energy for all, used efficiently and wisely.
The views and opinions expressed in this article are the author’s own, and do not necessarily reflect those held by pv magazine.
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Concord New Energy closes US$400 million financing for Texas solar-plus-storage project  PV Tech
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Qatar has announced its intention to build a large solar power plant in Lebanon, which is expected to help the country ease its energy crisis. Qatar’s Prime Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani made the statement in Beirut after a meeting with Lebanese Prime Minister Nawaf Salam.
As Al Jazeera reports, QatarEnergy has agreed with the French company TotalEnergies to jointly develop a solar project in Lebanon. Sheikh Mohammed said that the parties had agreed on a comprehensive framework for cooperation in the energy sector and must present viable solutions.
Nawaf Salam said that he would soon present plans for the electricity sector to the Lebanese government. According to him, the Qatari side will finance, implement and launch the project at no cost to the Lebanese state.
Lebanon’s state electricity company is one of the largest sources of public debt: over recent decades, its losses have amounted to about $40 billion. The enterprise is overstaffed and has outdated infrastructure, providing electricity for only a few hours per day.
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During his visit to Beirut, Qatar’s prime minister also met with Lebanon’s president and parliamentary speaker. According to him, a significant part of the talks was devoted to Israeli violations on Lebanese territory and the situation in the south of the country.
Sheikh Mohammed called on Israel to withdraw its troops from Lebanon and halt its attacks. He also said that Qatar is coordinating with the United States to prepare for the future reconstruction of southern areas of Lebanon so that displaced residents can return home.
Lebanese authorities say that more than 4,300 people have been killed in the country as a result of Israeli attacks since March. According to the International Organization for Migration, more than 300,000 people remain displaced after the June ceasefire.
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PV module manufacturer Yingli Solar has begun bulk shipments of its zinc-aluminum-magnesium steel-frame modules for a 180 MW ecological remediation PV project in Shizuishan, Ningxia. Located in the Gobi desert and wasteland zone in northwestern China, the project will use large-format bifacial dual-glass modules with Yingli’s steel-frame solution.
Yingli said the zinc-aluminum-magnesium steel frame has a thermal expansion coefficient closer to that of PV glass than conventional aluminum frames, helping reduce interfacial stress and the risk of glass microcracks and debonding under large temperature swings. Its coating provides self-healing protection at scratches and cut edges, improving resistance to wind-blown sand and salt-spray corrosion. The steel’s high yield strength also improves resistance to wind and snow loads. The company says the frames are compatible with mainstream mounting systems and can reduce the carbon footprint associated with raw material production.
Integrated solar manufacturer Tongwei Solar plans to invest RMB 200 million to upgrade and integrate existing TOPCon cell production lines at its Meishan manufacturing base in Sichuan province. According to an environmental impact assessment (EIA) filing submitted to local authorities, the project will cover workshops S2, S3, and S4, with upgraded lines expected to achieve average conversion efficiencies of up to 27.50%.
In workshop S2, Tongwei Solar will add lithography printing, resist stripping, and cleaning processes, increasing capacity from 8.35 GW to 11.90 GW and raising average conversion efficiency from about 24.5% to 27.45%-27.50%. In S4, lithography printing will replace the existing rear laser selective-emitter process, lifting average efficiency from 25.78%-26.15% to 27.30%-27.50%. The company will cancel its plans for a 12.5 GW full-cell line in S3 and repurpose the workshop for multi-slicing, passivation, and other supporting processes for S2 and S4.
The upgrade is scheduled to be completed in January 2028. Afterward, the Meishan base’s overall designed capacity will be adjusted slightly from 52.50 GW to 52.05 GW.
Tongwei is currently listed at 7^th in the TaiyangNews TOP SOLAR MODULES listing, featuring a TOPCon module rated at 23.7% efficiency.
GD Power, a subsidiary of CHN Energy, has launched a tender for the overall implementation plan and feasibility studies for a planned 15.14 GW power base in Ordos, Inner Mongolia, supporting the Inner Mongolia-to-Anhui electricity transmission project. The complex is planned to comprise 8 GW of solar, 4.5 GW of wind, and 2.64 GW of coal-fired power, alongside 4.25 GW/8.5 GWh of electrochemical energy storage.
Electricity from the base will be transmitted to Anhui through a ±800 kV ultra-high-voltage direct-current (UHVDC) transmission project. The tender covers integrated renewable energy design; optimization of PV module and mounting-system configurations; collector-line design for large-scale wind farms; selection of energy storage technology and synchronous condenser configuration; and feasibility studies and related technical research. The planned service period runs from November 2026 to December 2030.
Longyuan Power, another CHN Energy subsidiary, recently launched a 6 GW framework tender for PV modules (see China Solar PV News Snippets).
Fujian province has launched its 2026 mechanism price auction for incremental renewable energy projects, with an eligible electricity volume of 8.36 billion kWh. Wind and PV projects will compete in a unified process, with bids ranging from RMB 0.16/kWh to RMB 0.39/kWh. The resulting mechanism price will apply for 12 years. Both the lower and upper ends of the range are below those recently announced by Guangdong (see China Solar PV News Snippets).
The bidding uses a 125% bid-coverage ratio, while the declared electricity volume for each project is capped at 90% of its projected grid-fed generation. Eligible projects must have entered, or be scheduled to enter, full-capacity grid-connected operation between June 1, 2025, and December 31, 2027, and must not have previously been covered by the mechanism price.
Fujian’s calculation parameters set the average annual utilization hours over the past 3 years at 1,229 hours for utility-scale PV and 1,010 hours for distributed PV.
TaiyangNews 2024

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Published: Friday 16 Oct 2026
Coventry College welcomed Richard Parker, Mayor of the West Midlands, to unveil a plaque celebrating the successful completion of a major renewable energy project.
1,643 solar panels have been installed across four buildings at Coventry College and neighbouring Sidney Stringer Academy thanks to investment from Mayoral Renewables Fund and their own match funding.
The benefits are already being seen with direct electricity savings of more than £95,000 in just six months.
As well as reducing operating costs and reliance on grid electricity, they are creating opportunities for Coventry College students to see renewable technologies working in a real educational environment.
The project has already supported an industry masterclass for the college’s Level 2 electrical students, providing an interactive session and real-world experience of renewable energy technology.
The college has also previously secured funding to deliver solar photovoltaic skills bootcamps, supporting local residents and businesses to develop the skills needed to meet growing demand for solar installation and other areas of the green economy.
Richard Parker, Mayor of the West Midlands, said: “The results we’re seeing from the solar panels at Coventry College and Sidney Stringer School show the real-world benefits of switching to renewable energy. Thousands of pounds have been freed up for teaching and support for these young people, which will help give them a better start in life and contribute to making Hillfields a better place to live.
“But we’re not stopping in Coventry. We’re rolling out a major programme to modernise thousands more public buildings, from schools and libraries to leisure centres, as well as homes and businesses across our region.
“This is how we can help soften the impact of this year’s energy price hikes and support families with the rising cost of living.”
Carol Thomas, Principal and CEO at Coventry College, said: “We were delighted to welcome Mayor Richard Parker to Coventry College to celebrate the completion of this important project.
“The solar installation is already making a tangible difference, helping us reduce our energy costs and allowing us to focus more of our resources on what matters most: providing high-quality education, training and opportunities for our students.
“It also means our students can see renewable energy technology in action on their own campus, complementing the skills and knowledge we are developing to support employers and the workforce of the future.”
 
The solar panels were funded by central government with £700,000 from the Mayor Renewables Fund and £125k in match funding from Coventry College and Sidney Stringer Multi Academy Trust, and delivered by the Strategic Energy Partnership between E.ON and Coventry City Council.
The project has also supported small businesses in the city, with Coventry’s Strategic Energy Partnership working with local suppliers and several Coventry-based workers on the installation.
The plaque unveiled by the Mayor recognises the partnership behind the project and its contribution to creating more resilient educational facilities in Hillfields.
The investment also forms part of wider plans for the Hillfields area, with opportunities for further low-carbon infrastructure and future decarbonisation projects.
Vijay Tank, Chief Commercial Officer for E.ON Energy Infrastructure Services, said: “Making new energy work for everyone means cutting bills and delivering benefits that people can see. Working with our partners at Coventry City Council we’ve delivered this rooftop solar project at pace, cutting bills for the schools that frees up money for education while at the same time creating opportunities for local businesses that keeps much of the original investment within the community. It’s a clear example of how affordable, sustainable energy can improve everyone’s lives.”
Cllr Lynnette Kelly, cabinet member for jobs, regeneration and climate change, said: “By powering these educational buildings with clean, renewable energy, we’re not only cutting carbon emissions we are also saving vital resources that can be reinvested elsewhere. Projects like this demonstrate how innovation and partnership can drive the green economy and create a healthier, more sustainable city for all.
“Our partnership with E.ON has enabled us to move quickly. But we are far from done. Solar on roofs is a big priority for us – there are already more than people think, on the Council house roof, at Coombe and the library for example. Now we are looking at where next – and schools are likely to be at the heart of that.”
The Strategic Energy Partnership between E.ON and Coventry City Council is accelerating the city’s transition to a more affordable, secure and low-carbon future.
It is delivering practical measures to improve energy efficiency across Coventry’s homes, buildings and transport systems, helping to create a cleaner, more resilient city while supporting economic growth and improving quality of life.
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© West Midlands Combined Authority 2026

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A study of five utility scale solar photovoltaic plants in Spain and the UK has found that the real world performance of bifacial solar modules can differ significantly from their nominal ratings, raising questions about the assumptions used in project design and regulatory assessments.
The study is titled ‘The bifacial gain gap: Nominal and regulatory vs. effective performance across five utility-scale PV sites.’
The research, published in the journal Renewable Energy, analyses two years of operational data from a 50 MWp solar plant in Spain, with results validated against four additional plants covering different mounting configurations and climatic conditions.
Bifacial photovoltaic modules generate electricity from both their front and rear surfaces. Their ability to capture additional sunlight can increase energy production compared with conventional monofacial modules, making them a widely adopted technology for large scale solar installations.
However, the study found that the amount of additional electricity generated depends on site conditions, mounting structures, irradiance levels and the electrical and thermal behaviour of the modules in operation.
At the reference plant in Spain, the time weighted bifacial power gain was 49.5%, with the 90th percentile reaching 80.4%. These figures describe the study’s calculated power gain relative to temperature and irradiance corrected front side nominal power and should not be interpreted as a direct percentage increase in total plant energy production.
Effective bifaciality, which measures the contribution of rear side irradiance relative to front side irradiance, averaged 0.610 on a time weighted basis and 0.599 when weighted by irradiance. Both results were below the modules’ nominal bifaciality rating of 0.70.
The researchers found that the difference was greatest under irradiance conditions that contribute most to energy production, highlighting the limitations of relying on manufacturer ratings alone when estimating operational performance.
Across all five plants, irradiance weighted effective bifaciality ranged from 0.464 to 0.722, equivalent to 66% to 103% of the nominal rating. Median bifacial power gain varied from 22.9% to 53.5%, reflecting differences in site conditions and system configurations.
The study also identified a seasonal relationship between bifacial power gain and effective bifaciality, with the two indicators showing an inverse pattern. This suggests that the factors determining additional power generation do not remain constant throughout the year.
Rear side irradiance also affected the electrical and thermal operating conditions of the systems. Direct current string current increased by up to 110%, while string voltage fell by 8% to 9%. Module temperatures increased by as much as 3.5°C.
These effects have implications for direct current system design, including string sizing, cable selection and protective equipment. They also reinforce the importance of incorporating measured operating conditions into energy yield assessments and long term performance evaluations.
The findings are particularly relevant to Spain’s Royal Decree 997/2025, which introduces a factor of 1.15 for calculating the installed capacity of bifacial photovoltaic systems based on their front side standard test condition power.
The regulation effectively treats installed capacity as 115% of the front side rated capacity for administrative purposes. However, the researchers emphasise that the factor is an administrative capacity conversion rule rather than a guarantee of a 15% operational performance increase.
The distinction matters for project developers, engineering companies and system operators because capacity calculations can influence permitting, grid connection agreements, equipment sizing and the technical and financial assumptions underpinning a project.
The study’s findings suggest that a single fixed factor cannot fully represent the operating behaviour of bifacial solar plants across different sites and mounting configurations. While the regulatory approach simplifies administrative procedures, project level assessments still require realistic performance assumptions based on local conditions.
The research compared three Spanish plants with relatively high direct irradiance resources against two UK plants with more diffuse irradiance and average irradiance levels between 35% and 45% lower. All five installations used monocrystalline silicon half cell bifacial modules, allowing the researchers to examine the effects of mounting geometry and climate on performance.
The authors conclude that field derived effective bifaciality and bifacial power gain provide useful indicators for solar yield modelling, direct current design and performance assessment. Applying these metrics across different sites could help developers better account for the contribution of rear side generation and reduce the risk of discrepancies between expected and measured performance.
As bifacial technology continues to play a major role in utility scale solar development, the study underscores the importance of using operational evidence alongside nominal module specifications to improve project design and performance forecasting.
Link to the full paper HERE
Author: Bryan Groenendaal






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The latest Clean Energy Regulator (CER) data shows investment in solar is setting a new annual record with final investment decisions (FID) for the September quarter sitting at 1 GW, following 2 GW in Q2, adding to the year’s already tallied 3.5 GW, and is approximately 30% above the previous annual solar FID record.
2.1 GW of total large-scale renewable capacity reached FID in the September quarter, which is an equal highest quarterly result, and brings total renewable FID to October 2026 to 5 GW.
That is higher than the previous full-year record of 4.9 GW and brings large-scale FID totals to almost 17 GW since 2022. 
Rooftop solar added 90,042 installations and 894 MW of capacity in the September quarter, which is 35% higher than in Q3 2025, and year-to-date rooftop solar capacity is 45% higher than at the same point in October 2025.
Rooftop solar installations in Q3 were 39% higher than Q3 2025, and has so far added 2.8 GW in 2026, which almost matches the whole of 2025, with three months to go.
Q2 2026 was the biggest rooftop solar capacity quarter on record at 1 GW, and over 13 GW of small-scale solar has been installed since 2022.
Approved capacity under the Cheaper Home Batteries Program (CHBP) reached 15.3 GWh by the end of September, up 1.9 GWh in Q3, and up from less than 2 GWh at the same time in 2025, with total home battery capacity in Australia now more than 5 times greater than when the scheme began on 1 July 2025.  
Cheaper Home Batteries approved capacity has more than tripled during 2026, growing from 5 GWh at the end of 2025 to 15.3 GWh at the end of Q3. With total home battery capacity, including that installed before the scheme, around 19 GWh, it is more than 5 times greater than when the scheme began. 
New South Wales (NSW) has 5.6 GWh of approved home battery capacity, followed by Victoria and Queensland at about 3.2 GWh each.
The data shows about half of approved battery installations are retrofits to existing solar, while about half are going in with new or upgraded rooftop solar.
Federal Minister for Climate Change and Energy Chris Bowen said more renewable energy reaching final investment decision is “what progress looks like”.
“Renewable investment has already broken the annual record with three months still to go. And it isn’t just investment; last month renewable energy generated more electricity in the national grid than fossil fuels,” Bowen said.
“Investors, as well as Australian households and small businesses, are backing Australian renewable energy because they see a government with a clear policy that is working and we’ll continue to get on with the job.”
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Recurrent Energy begins commercial operations at 200MW Villameca solar project in Spain  PV Tech
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Trina Solar said on Oct. 15 that it plans to acquire a 1.6% stake in Chinese PV encapsulation film manufacturer Changzhou Betterial Film Technologies for CNY 40 million ($5.88 million). The deal covers 3.27 million shares held by Jiangsu Baixing Industrial Investment Group and will be funded with Trina Solar’s own capital. Trina Solar said the investment aims to deepen cooperation with upstream suppliers and strengthen supply chain stability, citing the close links between Betterial’s encapsulation film business and its own solar manufacturing operations. Betterial is headquartered in Changzhou, Jiangsu province, and operates eight manufacturing bases across China, Vietnam and Turkey.
Longi Energy Storage has started operations at a new 4.4-hectare manufacturing facility in Suzhou, China. The plant includes production lines for containerized utility-scale battery energy storage systems, commercial and industrial (C&I) storage systems, and control cabinets. Its utility-scale storage system integration line is expected to reach an annual production capacity of 31 GWh by the end of October, increasing to 50 GWh in 2027. The C&I storage production line is expected to reach an annual capacity of more than 10,000 units by the end of October.
China Datang announced on Oct. 14 the shortlisted bidders for a tender to supply inverters for its 500 MW Nam Mo solar project in Laos. CRRC Zhuzhou National Engineering Research Center of Converters ranked first with a bid of CNY 41.95 million ($6.17 million), followed by TBEA Xinjiang Sunoasis at CNY 45.48 million. The tender covers string inverters rated at 300 kW or higher for delivery to the project site in Nam Mo district, Oudomxay province. The selected supplier must be ready to deliver the first batch within 30 days of receiving a purchase order or written notice, with all deliveries completed within three months of the purchase order taking effect.
TCL Zhonghuan has secured a contract to supply approximately 16 MWp of double-glass solar modules for the fourth phase of Baowu Clean Energy’s Baoshan solar project in Shanghai, according to an Oct. 16 contract award announcement. The modules will have a rated power output of at least 645 W, with a winning bid of CNY 0.755/W ($0.111/W). Deliveries are scheduled to begin in batches on Oct. 20, 2026.
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The new issue of pv magazine Global is out now!
Available in print and digital – get your copy today!
pv magazine USA hosts its multi-day virtual event on U.S. solar and energy storage, covering domestic manufacturing, distributed energy and the growing role of solar-plus-storage in meeting AI-driven power demand.
pv magazine hosts its four-day virtual event on European solar and energy storage, exploring market opportunities, solar-plus-storage business cases, technical quality, and cybersecurity in the years ahead.
pv magazine Session returns to NetZero Milan as Knowledge Partner, organizing and moderating a two-hour conference on the evolving global solar supply chain.
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GES secures US$252 million EPC contracts for four Spanish solar PV projects  PV Tech
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Solar Power World
By Kelly Pickerel | October 16, 2026
Qcells announced it will offer new versions of its residential solar panels that feature aluminum frames extruded, anodized and fabricated in Tennessee.
Qcells will offer domestic-frame options for its Q.TRON AC and Q.PEAK DUO AC panels in the United States. The frames will help meet minimum domestic content requirements for certain third-party owned solar projects.
“Qcells is committed to investing in American-made clean energy products and in the domestic supply chain behind them,” said Il Hyeong No, Head of Qcells North America’s Residential Business. “Through this partnership to produce modules with domestic frames, we are furthering our commitment to U.S. manufacturing, supporting clean, affordable energy and giving our customers the certainty they need to qualify projects for the domestic content bonus.”
The frames are produced in partnership with ALUKO Group which performs extrusion, anodizing and fabrication at its manufacturing facility in Halls, Tennessee. The facility is expected to begin full production by the end of 2026, with a planned annual capacity to produce enough frames to support 4 GW of solar panels. ALUKO plans to create 285 new full-time jobs and invest more than $107 million in Tennessee within five years.
“We are proud to support Qcells in building a stronger U.S. solar manufacturing supply chain. By carrying out extrusion, anodizing and fabrication here in the United States, we are delivering a product that offers transparency and confidence at every step of the process,” said Jinwoo Park, President of ALUKO Group. “This partnership shows what is possible when manufacturers invest across the full domestic supply chain.”
News item from Qcells
Kelly Pickerel has more than 15 years of experience reporting on the U.S. solar industry and is currently editor in chief of Solar Power World.

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The Grundy County Board this week acted on a special use petition for a new solar farm that would be located in the 5700 block of Whitetie Road. The board heard from the farmer who owns the land during public comment. 
Grundy County Development Director Alec Macdonald said the solar farm would be located within one and half miles of the city limits of Carbon Hill and Coal City. 
He said the Zoning Board of Appeals first heard about the project in August and tabled it. 
The special use was recommended at a meeting last month. 
Josh Harris, Joe Plese, James Riley, Harold Vota, Georgette Vota, Doug Ferro and Matt Cosenza voted yes, while Joe and Laura Schiavnone, Debra Warning, Nathaniel Greene and Jeff Wynn voted no. Laura Schiavone and Harold Vota had this conversation during the meeting. 
Six Grundy County board members were not at the meeting. For more reaction from the meeting, click link below: 
https://grundycountyil.iqm2.com/Citizens/SplitView.aspx?Mode=Video&MeetingID=4221&Format=Agenda
https://grundycountyil.iqm2.com/Citizens/Default.aspx
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Recurrent Energy, a Canada-based solar and energy storage developer, has started commercial operation at its 200 MW Villameca solar PV plant in Castilla y León, Spain. The plant is expected to generate approximately 359,172 MWh of electricity a year, which is enough to power more than 100,000 homes. With Villameca in operation, Recurrent Energy expects its operating solar capacity in Spain to reach approximately 1 GW by the end of the year. That total will include the 426 MW Rey Solar Project in Andalucía, which has recently been inaugurated. The 315 MW Tordesillas Project in Castilla y León will complete that total when it is connected to the grid later this year. Recurrent Energy, which is a subsidiary of Canadian Solar, also expects to add battery energy storage systems to Villameca.
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Western Australia names Clean Energy Link – East contractors to unlock 2.3GW of solar and wind  PV Tech
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The U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC) has issued a final affirmative injury determination in its Solar IV investigation targeting crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, whether or not assembled into modules, imported from India, Indonesia, and Laos. 
The decision clears the final legal hurdle for federal trade protection, finding that dumped and subsidized imports from the three Asian nations cause material injury to domestic solar manufacturers. As a direct result of the ruling, the U.S. Department of Commerce will issue official antidumping (AD) and countervailing duty (CVD) orders, establishing high tariff barriers and permanent cash deposit requirements across all three import corridors. 
The upcoming duty orders will impose combined tariff rates as high as 249% for India, 268% for Indonesia, and 219% for Laos. These case-specific remedies, governed by the Tariff Act of 1930, will stack directly on top of existing executive tariffs and Section 232 minimum import price floors rather than replacing them. 
Finalized duty rates 
The USITC vote locks in the final margins established by Commerce last month. For Indian suppliers, Commerce set final dumping margins at 123.04% for all producers alongside a countervailing subsidy rate of 126.09%. Indonesian exporters face final dumping margins set at 94.36% for all producers, with countervailing duty rates ranging between 73.2% and 173.7% depending on the specific supplier. For imports originating in Laos, Commerce established final dumping margins at 65.43% for all exporters, accompanied by countervailing subsidy rates ranging between 82.03% and 153.67%. 
The trade cases were originally brought by the Alliance for American Solar Manufacturing and Trade, a coalition represented by lead petitioners First Solar, Hanwha Qcells USA, and Mission Solar Energy. The litigation follows earlier Solar III duty orders targeting Southeast Asian manufacturing hubs in Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam. 
Next steps 
Following the USITC’s final injury determination, Commerce is scheduled to issue its official AD and CVD orders in early November 2026. Upon publication, U.S. Customs and Border Protection will be instructed to require final duty cash deposits on all incoming entries of cells and modules from India, Indonesia, and Laos. 
The Commission’s full public report, Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Cells, Whether or Not Assembled Into Modules, from India, Indonesia, and Laos (Inv. Nos. 701-TA-772-774 and 731-TA-1756-1758, USITC Publication 5804) detailing its factual findings and legal analysis, will be published on the USITC website by November 23, 2026.
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The Kōwhai Park solar farm is forecast to produce 275GWh of renewable electricity annually.
New Zealand (NZ) has expanded its renewable energy portfolio with the official opening of the Kōwhai Park solar farm at Christchurch Airport.
The $153m (NZ$273m) project, which was opened by Prime Minister Christopher Luxon, introduces 150MW-alternating current/168MW-direct current of generation capacity to the country’s electricity system.
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Developed through a partnership between Contact Energy and Lightsource bp, the Kōwhai Park solar farm is forecast to produce 275GW-hours (GWh) of renewable electricity annually.
According to the project’s developers, this output is estimated to be equivalent to the annual electricity consumption of approximately 36,000 households.
Electricity from the facility is already under contract to support both Christchurch Airport and dairy processor Synlait as part of long-term power purchase agreements.
Synlait is set to acquire 25% of the generated power for its operations at Dunsandel and Dairyworks.
The solar farm uses nearly 300,000 solar panels, which cover a 230-hectare site at Christchurch International Airport.
Lightsource bp Asia-Pacific chief operating officer Adam Pegg said: “Kōwhai Park is an important milestone for Lightsource bp as our first completed project in New Zealand.
“Working alongside Contact Energy, Christchurch Airport, local businesses and the wider community, we have combined international capability with local knowledge to deliver a project that will provide renewable energy for decades to come.
“We see significant opportunity for large-scale renewables to support New Zealand’s growing electricity needs, industrial electrification and long-term energy security.”
Construction of the Kōwhai Park solar farm involved 66 Canterbury businesses and peaked at 235 workers on-site.
Kōwhai Park is positioned by its partners as an important development towards meeting NZ’s future electricity demand and supporting industrial electrification.
Christchurch Airport CEO Justin Watson said: “Our vision for Kōwhai Park is to create a renewable energy precinct that can support new opportunities and deliver long-term value for our region.”
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Korea Southern Power Co., Ltd. (KOSPO) has arranged a meeting with 12 specialized institutions to discuss the commercialization of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems and policy improvements.
KOSPO said it held the first regular meeting of the Next-Generation BIPV Forum at the Seoul Chamber of Commerce on the 16th. The forum comprises a group of industry, academic and research experts from 12 institutions.
The Next-Generation BIPV Forum, a consultative body of industry, academic and research experts in the BIPV field, officially launched on July 3. Its four subcommittees—policy, construction and operations, business, and R&D—have continued to discuss policy improvements and practical cooperation measures to commercialize next-generation BIPV.
At the regular meeting, the status of activities under existing action items in each subcommittee was reviewed. KOSPO also shared its “Basic Plan for Promoting Next-Generation BIPV Projects.”
In expert presentations that followed, Kim Hyo-jung, team leader at Junglim Architecture, presented “Realizing Zero-Energy Buildings and the Role of BIPV in Achieving Carbon Neutrality,” while Jeon Hyeon-u, an executive director at EnergyNet, presented “A Strategy for Implementing ZEB through BIM-Based BIPV Design.”
Participants then held an in-depth discussion on how to apply carbon-neutral building technologies in practice and on specific implementation strategies.
Yun Sangok, KOSPO’s executive director for renewable energy, said, “The diverse expert opinions and action plans at the Next-Generation BIPV Forum are essential to realizing the commercialization of BIPV,” adding, “We will do our utmost to make urban solar power a reality.”
This article has been translated by GripLabs Mingo AI.
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© 2025 THE COOL DOWN COMPANY. All Rights Reserved. Do not sell or share my personal information. Reach us at hello@thecooldown.com.
“Might need to check if someone’s stealing your electricity then for a 100% increase.”
Photo Credit: iStock
A homeowner whose electric use more than doubled after a utility-reported meter problem looked into solar panels to lower their utility bill.
But when they got a quote, they were stunned to receive an estimate over $70,000. The homeowner then asked Reddit’s r/SolarEnergy community, “Is this cost normal?”
In the Reddit thread, the original poster wanted to know whether the $70,145 quote for a 26.8kW solar-only system was too high or standard. They said their power bill had been “getting increasingly higher” even though they had been “not doing anything different than we have the last 18 years,” and that the surge started after the utility said “there was a problem at my meter.”
OP compared their year-over-year usage, writing: “Last September I used 1,031 kWh. This September they are saying I used 2,267. More than doubled and we haven’t done anything different for it to go up like that.”
Want to go solar but not sure who to trust? EnergySage has your back with free and transparent quotes from fully vetted providers in your area.
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The top comment read: “That is a ton of solar for a home. A typical home has 5.6 or 8kw, maybe 10 or 12kw.” The same commenter argued that “consuming less power is always more cost effective than producing that demand with solar.” 
Another wrote that “sounds like you need to figure out your actual consumption first… No change in use in 18 years but ‘soaring usage’ doesn’t make sense.”
One commenter estimated that a DIY setup producing about 2,300 kWh per month should be “around 30k,” with a professional installation potentially costing far more once labor was added. Separately, someone else said that even when using “2k+ kWh on a monthly basis you do not need 26.8kW of panels.”
Commenters also suggested the spike in consumption was bad data or an external issue rather than a real change in household demand. One wrote: “Might need to check if someone’s stealing your electricity then for a 100% increase. Heck, [the] power company might even be lying or made an error.”
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A few replies focused on devices that might be failing or stuck on. Suggestions included an “AC breaking and running all of the time” or “a pool heater or hot tub” or another appliance “not shutting off like it should.”
Overall, commenters said the spike needed to be diagnosed before the homeowner bought panels sized around it.
That included practical troubleshooting steps. One commenter suggested using a kill-a-watt device to measure what each appliance draws and “chase it down with a little patience.” Their bottom line was: “Fix the problem, then decide if you want to make a solar purchase.”
Still, going solar is one of the best ways to save money on home energy, but only when the system is sized to your real usage. 
💡Go deep on the latest news and trends shaping the residential solar landscape
For homeowners who do move forward after verifying their actual usage, shopping around can make a huge financial difference. With EnergySage’s help, the average person can save up to $10,000 on solar purchases and installations.
Plus, EnergySage’s solar map shows the average cost of a home solar panel system on a state-by-state level, as well as details on solar panel incentives for each state.
If you’re trying to make sense of a big solar quote after a puzzling power bill, these stories show how billing rules, meter data, and system sizing can affect the numbers. 
• After installing solar, a homeowner got a surprise energy bill and wanted answers.
• In Ohio, a homeowner discovered net metering may leave nearly half the monthly bill untouched.
• In Australia, a homeowner said a 20kW solar setup made blackouts disappear and earned credits.
Get TCD’s free newsletters for easy tips, smart advice, and a chance to earn $5,000 toward home upgrades. To see more stories like this one, change your Google preferences here.
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Once operational, is expected to generate around 70 GWh a year, equivalent to the consumption of more than 44,000 households.
At 55MWp, it is one of the largest solar farms in Romania by installed capacity. Energisation is planned by the end of 2026.
Lazuri has been awarded a 15-year Contract for Difference (CfD) by the Romanian authorities, underpinning its long-term revenues. It was financed as part of the 44 million euro project finance facility R.Power signed in June 2026 with ING Bank NV and UniCredit Bank SA, on a club deal basis, for a portfolio of four PV projects in Romania totalling approximately 75 MWp.
The project forms part of R.Power’s growing solar, hybrid and energy storage pipeline in Romania, which amounts to 1.5 GW and supports the country’s decarbonisation and energy independence goals.
“Completing construction works at Lazuri is an important milestone for R.Power’s Romanian solar portfolio” said Florin Federenciuc, R.Power Country Head for Romania. “The project has moved efficiently from development through financing and construction, and we are now preparing for energisation and the start of operations. Romania remains a key market in our CEE strategy, and we look forward to Lazuri contributing utility-scale clean energy to the grid.”
For additional information:
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China’s Ministry of Commerce and its Ministry of Industry and Information Technology proposed new export controls on October 16, 2026, that target the manufacturing technology behind perovskite and tandem solar cells, according to pv magazine and other outlets tracking the filing. The draft does not block shipments of finished solar panels. It targets the production know-how, equipment designs, and technical support that let factories outside China build the next generation of high-efficiency solar cells.
The timing lands the proposal squarely inside a broader pattern. Beijing has spent 2026 tightening its grip on technologies it considers strategically important, and this latest move follows a separate, wider catalogue revision covering artificial intelligence and biomedicine that Tech Insider reported on the same day. Solar manufacturing technology is the third leg of that stool, and it may be the one with the most direct bearing on how fast the rest of the world can build competing supply chains for advanced photovoltaics.
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The proposal would add perovskite and tandem solar manufacturing technologies to China’s catalogue of technologies prohibited or restricted from export. Four specific categories of manufacturing know-how appear in the draft, each defined by a size or efficiency threshold rather than a blanket product ban. The first covers perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem cell technology built on mass-produced silicon wafers measuring at least 182 millimeters and reaching at least 30% conversion efficiency. The second covers perovskite-specific slot-die coating technology with a processing width of at least 1.1 meters, the machinery used to lay down the thin perovskite layer at commercial scale.
The third and fourth categories apply to finished module production rather than cell manufacturing. Large-area single-junction perovskite cell module technology is covered when modules measure at least 1 square meter and achieve at least 18% efficiency. Large-area tandem perovskite cell module technology is covered at the same 1-square-meter size threshold but a higher 28% efficiency bar. The draft also names related equipment-manufacturing technologies, though the public version of the filing does not spell out separate thresholds for that category.
One detail separates this announcement from a routine policy draft: part of it is already live. A temporary requirement to register planned exports of the listed technologies through the Ministry of Commerce’s Technology Trade Management Information System took effect on October 16, 2026, the same day the broader proposal was published. Companies that want to export any of the covered manufacturing processes or equipment now have to log that intent with Beijing before the final rules are even settled.
The prohibition and licensing requirements themselves had not taken effect as of the announcement. That distinction matters for any company currently negotiating a technology-transfer deal or an overseas production line. The registration system creates a paper trail starting immediately, while the actual bans and license requirements wait on the outcome of a public comment process.
Public consultation on the proposed catalogue changes runs from October 16 to November 15, 2026, a month-long window in which companies, trade associations, and foreign governments can submit feedback before Beijing finalizes the list. That is a tight runway for an industry that spans continents and multiple regulatory jurisdictions. Equipment makers and cell manufacturers with existing licensing deals now have roughly four weeks to argue for carve-outs or threshold adjustments before the rules harden.
Thirty days is also short relative to how long it typically takes multinational solar manufacturers to assess technology-transfer exposure across a global supply chain. Legal and trade-compliance teams at firms with Chinese manufacturing partnerships or licensing agreements are likely to spend much of that window simply mapping which of their contracts touch the specific efficiency and size thresholds named in the draft.
China’s export-control catalogue system splits technologies into two tiers. Prohibited technologies cannot leave the country under any licensing arrangement. Restricted technologies can be exported, but only after the exporter obtains government approval. Reporting on the broader catalogue revision that includes the solar provisions puts the number of technologies proposed for full prohibition at 14 overall, spanning multiple sectors, with 12 photovoltaic technologies identified as covered by the proposed measures. Where the specific perovskite and tandem items fall within that prohibited-versus-restricted split has not been confirmed in the available reporting, and companies should not assume either tier until Beijing publishes the finalized catalogue.
The structure echoes an approach Beijing has already used for other strategically sensitive sectors. A technology-transfer license requirement lets the state control who gets access to a manufacturing process without stopping the sale of the physical product that process produces. For solar, that means a Chinese-made panel can still ship overseas even if the recipe for building the factory that made it cannot.
The distinction between a product ban and a technology-transfer ban is the single most important detail in this story, and it is easy to miss on a quick read of the headline. The proposal concerns technology transfers and specified manufacturing equipment, not a blanket prohibition on exporting finished polysilicon, wafers, cells, or modules made using those technologies. A factory in Europe or India that already runs the covered tandem process today is not retroactively shut down. A factory that wants to license that same process from a Chinese technology provider tomorrow faces a much higher bar.
That framing puts the policy in the same conceptual bucket as chip-equipment export controls rather than tariffs or trade sanctions on finished goods. It is a lever aimed at slowing the diffusion of production capability, not at shrinking current trade flows of physical panels.
This is not China’s first move to restrict outbound flows of technology it views as strategically valuable. The country has already applied export licensing requirements to gallium and germanium, two materials critical to semiconductor and defense manufacturing, and separately imposed permit requirements on certain graphite products, both steps that reshaped global sourcing for electronics and battery supply chains. Tech Insider has covered how those rare-earth curbs rippled through hardware markets, and the pattern holds a lesson for solar: material-level controls restrict what leaves the country physically, while technology-level controls like this one restrict who can replicate the manufacturing capability abroad.
China built its dominant position in conventional solar manufacturing over roughly two decades, accumulating the overwhelming majority of global polysilicon, wafer, cell, and module capacity along the way. The perovskite and tandem proposal suggests Beijing wants to protect its lead in the next generation of the technology the same way it protected its lead in the current one, by controlling not just output but the ability of rivals to build equivalent factories elsewhere.
The solar provisions arrived as part of a larger draft catalogue revision that also covers artificial intelligence and biomedical technologies, according to coverage from Global Times, which put the total count of newly added technologies across all three sectors in the dozens. The AI-specific portion of that filing, which separately proposes export curbs on large language models, autonomous agents, and chip-design methodologies, was significant enough to warrant its own coverage, detailed in Tech Insider’s report on the AI export curbs published the same day.
Seeing AI, biomedicine, and solar technology bundled into one regulatory action signals that Beijing is not treating this as a sector-specific response to a single trade dispute. It reads more like a general policy upgrade, one that extends the same technology-transfer control logic China has applied to hardware and rare earths into software, biotech, and clean-energy manufacturing simultaneously. The pattern is visible elsewhere too, including in how the European Union has been lining up alternative mineral suppliers to cut its dependence on Chinese-controlled inputs.
The near-term market effect should be limited for companies that only buy finished panels, since the proposal does not touch module shipments directly. The bigger exposure sits with overseas manufacturers and project developers that depend on Chinese-origin process recipes, equipment lines, installation support, or commissioning services to build or expand tandem production outside China. Those relationships are exactly what the registration requirement now puts on the record starting this week.
Coverage from Bloomberg Law frames the move as part of a broader effort by Beijing to preserve its renewable-energy technology advantage as the United States, India, and parts of Europe expand their own domestic manufacturing ambitions. If the rules finalize close to their current draft form, the practical effect is likely to raise the cost and stretch the timeline for any non-Chinese company trying to stand up advanced tandem production from scratch, even as existing Chinese panel exports continue largely unaffected.
Perovskite-silicon tandem cells sit at the frontier of commercial solar efficiency, and the race to scale that technology outside China has drawn growing interest from manufacturers and research groups across Europe, the United States, and South and Southeast Asia. Coverage from The Hindu BusinessLine notes that the proposed curbs land at a moment when several governments outside China are actively courting investment in domestic solar-cell manufacturing, viewing tandem technology specifically as a chance to leapfrog rather than simply replicate China’s existing crystalline-silicon capacity.
Whether that leapfrogging happens on schedule now depends heavily on how the finalized export rules treat equipment sales, licensing, and technical-support arrangements. A government or company that has already secured a technology-transfer agreement before the rules take final effect is in a very different position than one still negotiating. The next 30 days are likely to see a wave of accelerated dealmaking from parties trying to lock in access before any license requirement applies.
The structure of China’s proposal, controlling technology transfer and equipment rather than finished-good trade, mirrors the logic Washington has used for years to restrict Chinese access to advanced semiconductor manufacturing tools. The United States has spent several years tightening controls on EDA software, lithography equipment, and other chipmaking technology headed to China. Beijing’s solar proposal applies a similar playbook in the opposite direction, protecting the manufacturing capability behind a product category where China currently holds the global lead.
That symmetry is worth sitting with. Both regimes now rely on technical thresholds, wafer size, efficiency percentage, processing width, node dimension, rather than country-of-origin bans, to decide what can move across borders. It is a sign that technology-transfer control via specification threshold, not blanket embargo, has become the preferred regulatory tool on both sides of the US-China technology relationship. A similar calculus is already playing out in heavy manufacturing, where Toyota’s decision to bring gigacasting technology into a Chinese plant shows how manufacturers weigh the benefits of China’s production scale against the risk that the underlying process technology becomes harder to move in or out of the country later.
Industry attention over the next month is likely to center on three questions: which companies currently hold technology-transfer or licensing agreements that would fall inside the new thresholds, whether the final rules include any grandfather clause for contracts signed before October 16, and how strictly Beijing enforces the registration requirement that is already in effect. Detailed annex language describing the full scope of the draft catalogue, including the specific wording used for the artificial-intelligence and biomedicine provisions bundled alongside the solar rules, is laid out in the filing documented by Geopolitechs.
Equipment manufacturers that sell slot-die coating systems and tandem-cell production lines are in a particularly sensitive spot, since their core business is exactly the kind of technology transfer the proposal targets. Expect lobbying groups representing both Chinese exporters and foreign importers to submit detailed comments before the November 15 deadline, each pushing for threshold adjustments that favor their existing contracts.
Several outcomes look more likely than others based on how the proposal is structured and how similar Chinese export-control actions have played out in the past.
The next concrete milestone is November 15, 2026, when the public comment window closes and China’s regulators begin incorporating feedback into a final catalogue. Until then, the registration requirement already in effect gives Beijing real-time visibility into who is planning to export the covered technologies, even before any license requirement applies. Companies with exposure to the named thresholds, whether through existing licensing deals, planned overseas production lines, or equipment sales, have roughly four weeks to make their case.
For an industry already navigating chip-tool restrictions, tariff disputes, and critical-minerals curbs, as seen in how chipmakers have had to adjust to China tool restrictions this year, the solar proposal is one more signal that technology-transfer control, rather than trade volume control, is becoming the default regulatory instrument on both sides of the Pacific.
No. The proposal concerns technology transfers and specified manufacturing equipment, not a blanket prohibition on exporting finished polysilicon, wafers, cells, or modules made using those technologies, according to reporting on the draft catalogue.
No. The proposed bans and licensing requirements had not yet taken effect as of the October 16, 2026 announcement. Only a temporary requirement to register planned exports of the listed technologies took effect that day.
The draft covers large-area tandem perovskite cell module technology for modules measuring at least 1 square meter and achieving at least 28% efficiency.
Public consultation on the proposed catalogue changes runs from October 16 to November 15, 2026, a 30-day window.
Reporting on the draft catalogue identifies 12 photovoltaic technologies as covered by the proposed measures, part of a wider total of 14 technologies proposed for complete export prohibition across all sectors named in the filing.
Yes. The solar provisions are part of the same broader draft catalogue revision that also proposes export curbs on artificial intelligence and biomedical technologies, which Tech Insider covered separately the same day.
China’s Ministry of Commerce and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology proposed the export controls covering the perovskite and tandem solar manufacturing technologies.
Through the Ministry of Commerce’s Technology Trade Management Information System, where the temporary registration requirement took effect on October 16, 2026.
Elias Virtanen is the Cybersecurity Analyst at Tech Insider, bringing hands-on expertise from his background in penetration testing and security consulting. He previously worked as a security researcher at F-Secure in Helsinki, where he focused on threat intelligence and vulnerability disclosure. Elias covers ransomware trends, zero-trust architecture, and the evolving regulatory landscape including NIS2 and the EU Cyber Resilience Act. He holds a CISSP certification and an MSc in Information Security from Aalto University.
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Emmvee Shifts Over 50% Of Cell Capacity To G12R, Eyes Full Conversion Photograph: (AI)
Indian solar module and cell manufacturer, Emmvee Photovoltaic Power Limited, has converted more than 50% of its solar cell manufacturing capacity from M10R to G12R-based cells. Meanwhile, the Bengaluru-based company has plans to complete the transition after fulfilling its existing M10R orders. G12R is currently being built as a golden standard for developing solar capacity outside China, balancing cost, comfort, and installation.  This comes at a time when the majority of the Indian solar module and cell makers are transitioning to the G12R-wafer-based cells. 
Speaking during the company’s latest investor call, the management discussed the company’s manufacturing transition, cost efficiencies, market demand and the expected implementation of the ALMM requirements.
Emmvee said that the remaining M10R capacity would be converted to G12R once the company completes its existing orders.
“The remaining, we have some orders in hand to complete the M10R, after which we will convert everything,” the management said.
The company indicated that the transition would be relatively straightforward because its manufacturing lines are already designed to accommodate G12-format cells, referred to during the call as 220 mm. This manufacturing flexibility is expected to allow Emmvee to respond to changing customer demand without requiring a significant transition period.
“It’s a quick transition for us. So any line, every line can form a G12,” the management said.
The company added that incoming orders reflect a mix of cell formats in the domestic content requirement (DCR) segment, while demand in the non-DCR segment is entirely for G12R cells.
Emmvee also highlighted the cost benefits associated with the transition from M10R to G12R. According to the management, silver consumption has declined from approximately 220 mg to around 60–65 mg per cell. The company also highlighted an increase in cell power output, from approximately 8 W in the earlier format to around 9.5 W with the newer format.
The management expects further improvements in the coming year through value addition and other manufacturing enhancements. Although selling prices may decline slightly, the company believes it can maintain its margins through manufacturing cost efficiencies. Some of these cost benefits may be passed on to customers.
Emmvee does not expect a widespread transition to the larger G12 format in the immediate future. According to the management, G12R remains the preferred format in India and across much of the global market outside China, partly because it offers greater convenience during installation and can provide advantages in structural requirements and overall costs.
The management noted that improvements in cell efficiency and other technological developments are continuing, with further announcements expected from the company.
During the investor call, Emmvee said that DCR products accounted for more than 50% of its sales. The company also indicated that the DCR component would remain higher in the following half of the financial year.
The management’s comments on the mix of cell formats suggest that demand varies across the two segments. While non-DCR orders are currently for G12R cells, the DCR segment continues to include a mix of formats.
Addressing a question on the possibility of further deferment of the ALMM implementation beyond December 2026, Emmvee’s management said such an extension appeared extremely unlikely.
The management noted that the industry had already been given a significant amount of time to realign its manufacturing and supply chains. It also pointed to activity in the open-access segment and the government’s emphasis on implementing the relevant ALMM requirements.
The company added that module manufacturing capacity alone may not be the appropriate measure for assessing readiness for implementation. Instead, the phased nature of the requirements and the timelines applicable to different project categories need to be considered.
According to Emmvee, utility-scale projects bid out up to August 2025 still have time before the relevant requirements apply to them. This means some demand for non-DCR products is expected to continue during the transition period.
The company said approximately 30% of its order book comprised non-DCR orders, with many of these projects scheduled for delivery in the following year. This provides continued visibility for non-DCR products during the transition.
However, the management reiterated that a further extension of the implementation timeline beyond December 2026 was unlikely.

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Nearly 370 feet of conduit runs between the house and a tractor shed.
Photo Credit: Reddit
On five acres in Southern California, one homeowner designed and built an off-grid solar system sized for more than basic household use. 
After completing the installation, the off-gridder shared their setup on Reddit’s r/SolarDIY forum.
In the Reddit thread, the homeowner described the installation built around 52 Aptos 440-watt bifacial panels, two EG4 Flexboss 21 inverters, and six EG4 280Ah batteries. The system has produced about 18 megawatt-hours, with average daily generation near 120 kilowatt-hours.
In addition to giving a “rundown” of the build, the original poster also included 16 photos of the array.
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According to the OP, tying the system together required substantial wiring and trenching. Nearly 370 feet of conduit runs between the house and a tractor shed, while six 2/0 wires and two No. 6 wires connect the inverters to the panel. The array is organized into four 13-panel series strings, with two strings feeding each inverter through direct PV inputs.
Commenters were impressed by both the build’s ambition and the work required to pull it off. One commenter wrote, “You’re living my dream, friend,” while others focused on the system’s scale and the planning needed to live fully off-grid.
Another commenter reacted to the amount of foundation work by writing, “THIRTY TWO 12″ x 5′ piers?! You’re a madman,” before adding that the setup “exemplifies the best of this sub.”
County requirements also influenced how the project had to be built. The OP said the 2-inch GRC rack structure had to be “floated off the dirt per RIVCO permit,” and the slab in the old horse shed needed a 6-inch base, rebar, and another 6 inches of concrete.
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The layout also emphasizes redundancy. Each inverter was matched with three batteries, and the system was configured in parallel so that “if something were to happen to one inverter or anything else the house can run on the other inverter.” 
For readers inspired by the project, going solar is one of the best ways to save money on home energy. Trying EnergySage can help you get free solar installation estimates and compare quotes. With EnergySage’s help, the average person can save up to $10,000 on solar purchases and installations. 
Meanwhile, EnergySage’s solar map shows the average cost of a home solar panel system on a state-by-state level, along with details on solar panel incentives for each state. 
And adding battery storage to a solar setup is also one of the best ways to protect your home during outages, save money on energy, and go off-grid. Readers interested in storage can explore EnergySage for information about home battery storage options, including competitive installation estimates.
💡Go deep on the latest news and trends shaping the residential solar landscape
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• An off-grid homeowner showed snow-covered solar panels still generate usable power when conditions line up.
• Across the U.S., homeowners are finding that battery storage with solar adds resilience and savings.
• Researchers found rooftop solar can ease household energy burdens for families facing high bills.
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Qcells announced plans to launch new versions of its residential solar panel series featuring U.S.-made aluminum frames by the end of 2026. 
The updated residential product offerings, which include the company’s Q.TRON AC and Q.PEAK DUO AC lines, will incorporate aluminum frames extruded, anodized, and fabricated at supplier ALUKO Group’s integrated facility in Halls, Tennessee. The initiative is aimed at helping residential installers and third-party ownership TPO providers qualify for the Investment Tax Credit ITC domestic content bonus adder. 
Under the Treasury Department’s domestic content guidance, solar hardware must meet specific domestic manufacturing thresholds to qualify for the 10% tax credit bonus. Qcells noted that keeping all three core stages of frame manufacturing, including extrusion, anodization, and fabrication, within the United States provides greater clarity for installers and financing partners when evaluating compliance. 
The domestic frame offering comes as the statutory domestic content threshold for clean energy projects begins stepping up toward 55% for projects commencing construction in 2027. 
“Through this partnership to produce modules with domestic frames, we are furthering our commitment to U.S. manufacturing, supporting clean, affordable energy and giving our customers the certainty they need to qualify projects for the domestic content bonus,” said Il Hyeong No, head of Qcells North America’s residential business. 
Supply chain localized in Tennessee 
ALUKO Group’s manufacturing plant in Lauderdale County, Tennessee, is expected to reach full commercial production by the end of 2026. Once operational, the plant will have a planned annual capacity to manufacture enough frames to support 4 GW of solar modules. 
ALUKO plans to invest more than $107 million into the facility over five years, creating 285 full-time jobs. The company operates what it describes as the only facility in the U.S. performing all three major frame production steps under one roof. 
“By carrying out extrusion, anodizing, and fabrication here in the United States, we are delivering a product that offers transparency and confidence at every step of the process,” said Jinwoo Park, president of ALUKO Group. 
The move expands Qcells’ broader domestic manufacturing push across its vertically integrated operations in Dalton and Cartersville, Georgia, where the company operates large-scale module and component assembly operations.
Want to learn more about the scaling of U.S. solar supply chains and domestic content rules? Join us for pv magazine USA Week to attend the session Scaling Solar Production in the U.S. This panel addresses the real-world execution of policy-driven announcements, scaling domestic production, and navigating complex domestic content thresholds. 
The session will feature Qcells Global Chief Technology Officer Danielle W. Merfeld alongside fellow expert panelists Finlay Colville, Founder of Terawatt PV Research; Jim Wood, CEO of SEG Solar; and Zennia Villanueva, Vice President of Quality at RETC, part of the VDE Group. Register for pv magazine USA Week today to reserve your spot.
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Henri Poupart-Lafarge joins HoloSolis as it bids to boost Europe’s solar manufacturing capacity by building a gigafactory in France
In response to the growing increase in energy demand in recent years, Siemens and Sarpel have taken a step forward in the construction of electrical substations.
Ireland’s biomethane sector is gaining momentum, but new support and investment will be key to reaching 5.7TWh by 2030, says Padraig Fleming.
Bernhard Fellner describes a smart hybrid energy system and reveals the business model novventos will use to roll out and scale its new solution
In this Energy Transitions podcast, Statkraft’s Hallvard Granheim explores how cheaper renewables are reshaping investment and PPAs
Construction go-ahead is given by European Commission for multi-turbine array at European Marine Energy Centre in Orkney
Volkswagen Poznań’s Crafter factory is now fully energy self-sufficient on sunny days, thanks to the completion of an 18.3MW solar power plant.
The former boss of French rail and energy company Alstom has been appointed chief executive of solar panel manufacturer HoloSolis.
Henri Poupart-Lafarge was CEO of Alstom – one of the world’s most established makers of trains and also a pioneer of steam and gas turbines – from 2016 to March of this year.
Paris-headquartered HoloSolis is building a gigafactory in the Grand Est region of northeast France to manufacture cells and modules. The company claims that when complete, the facility will be able to produce 5GW of solar panels – equivalent to 10 million panels – and create 2,000 jobs.
Poupart-Lafarge said that the “reindustrialisation of green technologies in France is key to making the green transition possible”.  
He added that the gigafactory was being built “at a time when Europe is becoming acutely aware of how far behind it is and of the urgency to act on solar energy issues”.
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It was this need to address Europe’s industrial competitiveness and reclaim a chunk of the global solar that drove the formation of HoloSolis in 2022 by , which then brought in two French partners, real estate developer IDEC Group and agrivoltaic company TSE.
China currently produces 80% of the world’s installed photovoltaic modules, with the EU lagging at 3%. Poupart-Lafarge said: “Photovoltaics has accounted for two-thirds of new electricity generation capacity worldwide by 2025, driven both by the competitiveness of this technology and its environmental performance.
“All the major economic powers, such as China, the United States and India, have built up a sector in this strategic field to ensure their energy sovereignty. But not Europe. I firmly believe that this can still be rectified.”
Poupart-Lafarge is a graduate of École Polytechnique, École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
He started his career at the World Bank in Washington before joining France’s Ministry of Economy and Finance in 1994, and subsequently Alstom in 1998 as head of investor relations.
In his time at Alstom, he was senior vice-president of finance at its transmission and distribution, president of the grid division and president of the transport division before becoming chief executive in 2016.
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China’s Ministry of Commerce (Mofcom) and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) have proposed prohibiting exports of selected high-efficiency perovskite and tandem solar manufacturing technologies, alongside new restrictions on advanced polysilicon, wafer and crystalline-silicon cell production know-how.
The proposals, published on Oct. 16 under Joint Announcement No. 48 of 2026, would add 12 photovoltaic technologies to China’s Catalogue of Technologies Prohibited or Restricted from Export. They are part of a broader consultation covering 40 technologies across sectors including solar energy, artificial intelligence and biomedicine. The public consultation runs until Nov. 15.
The proposed export bans cover production processes and related equipment manufacturing technologies for perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells based on wafers measuring at least 182 mm and achieving conversion efficiencies of 30% or higher. They also include slot-die coating processes for perovskites with coating widths of at least 1.1 meters.
Additional thresholds apply to large-area modules, including single-junction perovskite modules measuring at least 1 square meter with conversion efficiencies of 18% or higher, and perovskite tandem modules of the same minimum area with efficiencies of at least 28%. The proposed controls target manufacturing technologies meeting these specifications rather than exports of finished modules.
Other technologies proposed for prohibition include cold-hydrogenation fluidized-bed processes for trichlorosilane production with annual single-line capacities of at least 250,000 metric tons, and silane-based fluidized-bed processes with annual capacities of at least 20,000 metric tons. The draft also covers processes for manufacturing silicon wafers no thicker than 70 micrometers and certain edge-passivation technologies for thin crystalline-silicon cells, along with related equipment manufacturing know-how.
The proposed restricted-export category includes polysilicon plant engineering technologies for production lines with annual capacities of at least 30,000 metric tons, as well as advanced crystal-pulling and wafer-cutting processes.
It also covers specified high-performance manufacturing processes for tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon), back-contact (BC) and heterojunction (HJT) solar cells, including deposition, passivation, diffusion and metallization technologies. The HJT provisions include certain p-type technologies evaluated under air mass zero (AM0) illumination conditions relevant to space applications.
Under China’s technology import and export regulations, prohibited technologies cannot be exported, while restricted technologies can be transferred overseas only with government approval and the necessary licenses.
The proposed export bans and licensing requirements have not yet taken effect. However, a separate interim registration requirement took effect on Oct. 16, when the announcement was issued.
Companies must register planned exports of the listed technologies, including qualifying key equipment, through the Mofcom’s online system before transfer. The requirement covers intellectual property transfers, overseas technology licensing, changes in ownership or control involving foreign entities, and transactions that are underway but have not yet been completed.
The Mofcom said the proposals address national security concerns as photovoltaic technologies increasingly find applications in aerospace, defense and other sensitive sectors. The ministry said technologies that fall below the specified thresholds, as well as finished products manufactured using controlled technologies, are outside the proposed scope. It added that the measures do not target any particular country, region or company.
If adopted, the controls could reinforce China’s position in advanced PV manufacturing by limiting overseas access to some of its most sophisticated production technologies.
Although exports of finished solar cells and modules would not be directly affected, transfers of controlled manufacturing know-how through technology licensing, overseas production-line installation and commissioning, equipment exports and on-site technical support could be prohibited or subject to government approval.
In the near term, the measures could delay overseas PV manufacturing projects, increase compliance costs and limit the deployment of advanced Chinese production technologies abroad. Over the longer term, the restrictions could strengthen China’s influence over the international diffusion of next-generation PV manufacturing technologies, potentially slowing efforts by overseas manufacturers to close the technological gap.
However, tighter controls could also complicate Chinese manufacturers’ international expansion plans and heighten trade tensions or prompt retaliatory measures.
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Vikram Solar subsidiary to build 7.5GWh BESS assembly plant in Tamil Nadu, India  Energy-Storage.News
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An international research team developed an open-access image dataset to support visual navigation for autonomous PV cleaning robots under different soiling conditions. The dataset comprises 6,200 annotated images of solar panels, including clean images, synthetically generated contamination at five severity levels, and laboratory images of physically soiled modules.
“The novelty of our research lies in developing a photovoltaic image dataset specifically for the visual navigation of cleaning robots, rather than conventional panel defect inspection,” corresponding author Kumeresan A. Danapalasingam told pv magazine. “By preserving the same reference-line geometry across different levels of simulated soiling, we provide researchers with a systematic way to evaluate whether robotic vision algorithms can reliably identify navigation cues even when the panel surface is contaminated.”
To construct the dataset, the researchers captured top-down images of PV panels using an HF868-2 camera mounted at the front of a solar panel cleaning robot, approximately 15 cm above the module surface. The camera featured a 2.7 mm wide-angle lens with a 135-degree field of view and recorded video at 320 × 240 pixels and 60 frames per second. The images were geometrically calibrated and resized to 160 × 120 pixels to accommodate the computational constraints of onboard robotic vision systems.
The team manually annotated 800 clean images, identifying three types of structural reference lines used for robot navigation: white cell-gap lines, horizontal frame-cell border lines, and vertical frame-cell border lines. We then processed each image using a synthetic augmentation pipeline that generated five additional versions with increasing soiling, from very light to extreme. The simulated effects included bird droppings, water stains, puddles, glare, water accumulation along module frames, and frame dust, with targeted reference-line coverage ranging from 1% to 50% depending on the severity level.
“One particularly interesting aspect of our research is that different forms of contamination can systematically obscure the same photovoltaic reference lines while their underlying geometry remains unchanged,” co-author Xin Li said. “This allows us to isolate the effects of visual degradation from changes in the robot’s viewing geometry. We believe this provides a useful foundation for understanding how visual navigation algorithms fail under challenging conditions and how their robustness can be improved.”
This process produced 4,800 images for training and validation, divided into 3,846 training images and 954 validation images. For testing, the researchers assembled 1,200 images across six clean and synthetic soiling conditions, supplemented by 200 additional images captured on two separate PV panels physically contaminated with pigment droplets, sand, wastewater, and clean water, as well as exposed to high-intensity lighting to simulate glare. The resulting dataset comprises 6,200 images with corresponding annotation files containing reference-line positions, orientations, endpoints, and class identifiers.
“Our next objective is to move beyond dataset development towards reliable autonomous navigation of photovoltaic cleaning robots,” the academics concluded. “We are investigating lightweight artificial intelligence models for estimating the robot’s heading relative to panel reference lines, as well as localization methods that combine visual information with inertial and wheel-encoder measurements. Ultimately, we aim to validate these approaches on physical robotic platforms under realistic operating conditions.”
The paper “A robot-view image dataset of photovoltaic panel reference lines with paired synthetic soiling for cleaning robot navigation” has appeared in Data in Brief. Researchers from the University of Technology Malaysia, Canada’s University of Prince Edward Island, Belgium’s Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Western Norway University, and the Indian university Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham have participated in the study.
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ARENA is offering up to AUD 250 million in its third Solar Sunshot funding round 
This round targets technologies that can improve the cost and speed of utility-scale solar deployment 
Expressions of interest will open on November 2, 2026, following an information webinar on October 26, 2026 
The Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) is offering up to AUD 250 million to support Australia’s domestic solar PV industry under the third round of its flagship Solar Sunshot program. 
This round focuses on technologies that can make large-scale solar projects cheaper and faster to build. It is open to Australian and international companies incorporated in the country and looking to establish or expand manufacturing there.  
Under the latest call, ARENA will accept proposals for technologies such as solar tracking systems, robotics, advanced automation and prefabrication. Other eligible technologies include those that can reduce the cost of constructing and operating a PV facility.  
It will accept applications for technologies that involve the commercial-scale manufacturing of solar PV technologies at Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 8 and Commercial Readiness Index (CRI) 3 when manufacturing begins. The idea is to bring commercially mature technologies into local manufacturing.  
“Australia is already a world leader in deploying solar. The next challenge is to reduce the cost and complexity of building projects at much greater scale,” said ARENA CEO Darren Miller. He said the call is open to companies with commercially mature technologies that can manufacture at scale in Australia. 
ARENA issued the call for Round 3 on October 15, 2026. Expressions of interest will open on November 2, 2026. Applicants will then be invited by the agency to submit a full application. Details are available on its website.  
It will hold an information webinar on October 26, 2026, to help prospective applicants understand the funding round. 
Recently, ARENA announced up to AUD 31.3 million in funding to support two solar robotics manufacturing facilities under Solar Sunshot round 2 (see Australia Funds Solar Robotics Manufacturing With AUD 31.3M). 
TaiyangNews 2024

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German industry groups oppose proposed solar prosumer grid surcharge  PV Tech
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The Kōwhai Park Solar Farm has a capacity of 168 MW DC/150 MW AC and is the largest on New Zealand’s South Island 
Lightsource bp says this is the company’s first completed solar farm in New Zealand 
It will supply clean electricity to Christchurch Airport and dairy processor Synlait  
Kōwhai Park, the largest solar farm on New Zealand’s South Island, has officially opened in Christchurch, adding 168 MW DC/150 MW AC of solar capacity to the country’s electricity system.  
The NZD 273 million project was developed by New Zealand-based renewable energy company Contact Energy and UK-headquartered Lightsource bp. Both partners won a competitive bidding round to build the project in February 2023.  
Back then, they said this would be the largest planned solar park in the country, with 150 MW planned under Phase I (see New Zealand’s Solar Power Market Getting Active). 
Located at Christchurch Airport, the solar farm spans 230 hectares and comprises around 300,000 solar panels. It is expected to generate 275 GWh of electricity annually. This is equivalent to the yearly demand of approximately 36,000 homes. 
The project employed 235 people at peak construction and involved 66 local businesses. It is Lightsource bp’s first completed solar farm in the country. 
Christchurch Airport and dairy processor Synlait will purchase electricity from the project under long-term power purchase agreements (PPAs). Synlait will use 25% of the farm’s output to supply its Dunsandel and Dairyworks facilities.  
Christchurch Airport Chief Executive Justin Watson said, “Kōwhai Park shows what can happen when you think differently about how airport land can be used.” 
Hawke’s Bay Airport in New Zealand is also exploring a solar farm with up to 17 MW installed capacity. In August 2026, it invited EOIs seeking partners (see New Zealand Airport Plans Up To 17 MW Solar PV Capacity). 
TaiyangNews 2024

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Energy, climate change and the environment
Solar photovoltaics (PVs) are a key technology for Europe’s clean energy transition, offering deployable renewable energy at low costs, as well as independence from foreign fossil fuels. However, the sector still faces critical challenges when it comes to sustainability, resilience and strategic autonomy.
In line with the 2022 EU Solar Energy Strategy, which aims to install almost 600 GW of solar PV capacity by 2030, installed solar capacity has grown exponentially in recent years. Inevitably, this growth will be mirrored in solar sector waste, with megatonnes of end-of-life solar panel waste already expected by 2030. The issue is that Europe is almost entirely dependent on third countries for solar PVs – from raw materials to modules. This puts control over key characteristics affecting end-of-life management such as hazardous material content, recyclability and repairability out of the hands of European industry.
In this challenging landscape, circularity presents an opportunity for sustainably managing growing volumes of solar PV waste. By facilitating recovery from critical raw material-containing solar PV waste and driving European industrial capacity, it also presents a unique opportunity for securing European resilience and greater strategic autonomy in a sector which is crucial to the clean transition. While the imperative is clear, questions remain as to how to develop a competitive solar PV industrial ecosystem that supports circularity in the EU while also aligning with renewable energy deployment objectives.
This event draws on lessons learned from the implementation of the EU-funded SOPHIA project to discuss the challenges and the necessary conditions for scaling up circularity in the EU solar sector. The event will map the regulatory landscape; address needs for digital product passports (DPPs) and improved traceability; and explore EU waste, product and industrial policy levers. The event will bring together stakeholders from across policy, industry and multiple EU projects to exchange views on how policies can close the loop on the solar PV industry to support the EU’s decarbonisation, resilience and strategic autonomy ambitions.
This event is organised by the Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS) and Recycling Europe.
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 As installations surge and manufacturing scales up, a shortage of skilled manpower is emerging as a critical bottleneck in the country’s solar expansion. 
India’s solar sector, long constrained by land availability, financing, and technology access, may now be running into a different kind of limitation, skilled manpower. 
With installed solar capacity crossing 168 GW as of August 2026 and nearly 18 GW added in just the first five months of the current fiscal year, the pace of expansion is no longer in question.  
Instead, the focus is shifting to whether the industry has enough trained professionals to sustain this growth. 
The challenge is no longer just about adding capacity,” said a senior executive at a renewable energy EPC firm. “It’s about whether we have enough people who can design, install, and operate these systems efficiently. This shift is particularly relevant as India pushes ambitious targets under schemes such as PM Surya Ghar, which aims to accelerate rooftop solar adoption, alongside domestic manufacturing policies like ALMM and DCR that are reshaping supply chains. 
While these policies have strengthened local manufacturing and improved energy security, they have also increased the complexity of deployment, especially in distributed segments like rooftop solar. Unlike utility-scale projects, rooftop installations require decentralised teams of trained technicians across cities and smaller towns. This has created a visible gap between policy ambition and on-ground execution. 
Industry participants point to delays in installations, inconsistent workmanship, and weak after-sales service as early signs of stress in the ecosystem. A recent CEEW-NRDC study estimates that India’s clean energy transition could generate over 4.4 million jobs, with a significant share in solar manufacturing, installation, and operations. However, the nature of these roles is evolving rapidly. 
Solar projects today demand a mix of electrical engineering expertise, digital monitoring capabilities, and specialised technical knowledge. From commissioning engineers and inverter specialists to SCADA operators and O&M teams, the skill base has widened significantly. 
“Solar plants are no longer just panels in a field,” said an energy analyst. “They are complex, data-driven electrical systems. Without the right people, even the best equipment can underperform.” The challenge extends to manufacturing as well. India is scaling up module production and moving towards advanced technologies such as TOPCon. But industry experts note that expanding factory capacity is easier than building technical expertise. 
“A factory can be built in months, but building skilled teams takes years,” said a manufacturing consultant working with solar companies. Government programmes under the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy have attempted to address the gap, with over 1.2 lakh candidates trained in FY2025-26 across renewable energy sectors. However, questions remain about whether training quality matches industry requirements. 
Certification alone does not always translate into field readiness — particularly for tasks such as system commissioning, fault diagnosis, and long-term maintenance. “We are adding capacity faster than we are building capability,” said an industry expert. “Unless training systems become more aligned with real project requirements, this gap will start showing in performance and reliability.” The implications are significant. A shortage of skilled manpower can lead to project delays, lower plant performance, higher operational costs, and ultimately reduced returns for investors. 
There is also a structural concern that cannot be ignored. While policy frameworks have successfully accelerated solar deployment, workforce development remains fragmented. Without stronger alignment between training programmes and industry needs, India risks building capacity faster than it can effectively utilise it. 
Looking ahead, industry observers say the next phase of solar growth will depend not just on gigawatts installed, but on the quality of execution. This will require closer collaboration between manufacturers, EPC players, training institutions, and policymakers. 
India has demonstrated its ability to scale solar capacity at speed. The next test is whether it can build the human infrastructure required to sustain it. Because in the next phase of the energy transition, megawatts alone will not define success, people will. 
The views and opinions expressed in this article are the author’s own, and do not necessarily reflect those held by pv magazine.
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October 16, 2026e-Paper
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October 16, 2026e-Paper
Updated – October 16, 2026 05:10 pm IST – Beijing
China on Friday (October 16, 2026) announced a sweeping draft plan to restrict exports of more than 40 cutting-edge technologies, including solar manufacturing technologies, AI models, and some biotech platforms.
A number of technologies related to the manufacture of solar cells have been listed for either a complete export ban or restricted exports. While the draft plan does not restrict most solar exports, the new controls on next-generation solar manufacturing technologies could impact efforts by countries including India to reduce dependence on China as they look to move up the solar chain.
Several AI-driven technologies have also been listed in the draft plan, announced on Friday by the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Science and Technology and titled “Announcement No. 48”.
It covers 40 key technologies in the fields of AI, biomedicine and photovoltaics. Of these, 14 technologies were proposed for a complete prohibition of export, including perovskite and tandem solar-cell module manufacturing technologies, AI-driven technology that could be used to generate and mutate malicious code, and some platforms related to cell and gene therapy.
A further 26 technologies were listed for restricted exports, including polysilicon engineering technologies that are used to make solar cells, if they involve production lines with annual output capacities of at least 30,000 tonnes.
Explaining the move, a spokesperson for China’s Ministry of Commerce said in a statement that “in recent years, AI, biomedicine and photovoltaic technologies have seen expanding applications in sensitive fields.”
“Major economies around the world have implemented varying degrees of export controls in these areas. Drawing on international practice, China is implementing necessary controls in accordance with the law to prevent risks arising from loss of control over technologies or inappropriate proliferation, while also safeguarding normal international technological cooperation,” the statement said.
On the photovoltaics controls, the statement said China was adding 12 photovoltaic technologies covering polysilicon production, wafer manufacturing and solar-cell manufacturing. Citing the need to “safeguard national security and interests”, the statement said “photovoltaic technologies are increasingly being used in aerospace, defence, unmanned systems and other sensitive sectors; as a result, the national-security implications of technology exports have increased.”
It said “only a limited set of technologies would be regulated” and “other photovoltaic technologies would remain freely exportable.”
On the proposed AI controls, the spokesperson said that while “most AI technologies will continue to be freely exportable”, China was adding 23 key AI technologies covering foundation models, intelligent agents, computing clusters and information-processing technologies.
“Technologies such as autonomous malicious-code generation and mutation could be used to target critical infrastructure, defence systems and core government networks or to evade national security defences,” the statement said. “If such technologies were acquired by malicious actors, they could threaten national security and broader human security. China’s objective is to establish security safeguards, prevent misuse and ensure that AI remains under human control.”
The statement added that China remained “committed to building an open-source AI innovation ecosystem”, and open-source AI projects and overseas chip fabrication activities “would be eligible for facilitation measures” while technologies already in the public domain through open-source publication or academic papers would “generally be exempt from export controls”.
Published – October 16, 2026 04:01 pm IST
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China’s Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Science and Technology issued a joint announcement on October 16, 2026, soliciting public comments on revisions to the Catalogue of Technologies Prohibited and Restricted from Export in China, while simultaneously implementing interim pre-export registration management for 40 technologies spanning artificial intelligence, biomedicine, and photovoltaics. This represents a concentrated expansion of China’s critical technology export control framework, directly touching the most fiercely contested frontiers of global technology competition.
The announcement stipulates that from the date of issuance until the catalogue revisions are formally implemented, technology exporters must complete registration on the Technology Trade Management Information Application within the Ministry of Commerce’s unified business system platform before exporting technologies listed in the catalogue. Exports that have already commenced but not yet been completed are also subject to registration requirements.
Among the proposed additions, the artificial intelligence sector accounts for the largest share, covering 23 technologies related to large language models, AI agents, computing power clusters, and information processing. The announcement also establishes an important exclusion clause: technologies that have already entered the public domain through open-source releases, academic paper publications, or similar means are not subject to management. This means normal exchanges within the open-source community and academia will not be directly impacted by the new regulations.
The biomedicine sector covers 5 technologies including cell and gene therapy, small nucleic acid drugs, and pathogen-related technologies. Addressing the outbound licensing collaboration model common in the biopharmaceutical industry, the announcement introduces differentiated arrangements: outbound licensing models that do not involve ownership transfer are eligible for facilitation measures such as automatic licensing. This design aims to preserve channels for cross-border license-out transactions by innovative drug companies, avoiding excessive restrictions on normal commercial technology collaboration.
The photovoltaic sector’s control scope covers 12 technologies related to polysilicon manufacturing, silicon wafer manufacturing, and cell manufacturing, with critical and core equipment supporting these technologies also brought under management. China holds dominant global production capacity in polysilicon, silicon wafers, and cell segments, and the risk of technology spillover in related manufacturing processes and equipment has previously drawn attention from multiple parties.
Registration is required in four specific scenarios: transferring technology ownership to overseas entities (such as intellectual property transfers); authorizing overseas use of domestic technology (such as IP licensing); changes in ownership or actual control of domestic technology to overseas entities; and other circumstances explicitly requiring registration as notified by the Ministry of Commerce.
Registration information includes basic details of the technology exporter and recipient, destination country or region, the technology to be exported and its intended use, and the estimated export value of the technology. The announcement permits consolidated filing when exporting multiple technologies to the same recipient in a single transaction; other circumstances should generally be filed separately.
The public comment window runs from October 16 to November 15, 2026, a period of one month. The public may submit comments via email, fax, or mail regarding the scope of newly added technologies, indicators, control policies, and facilitation measures. Comments submitted on behalf of an organization must bear the organization’s official seal.
The legal basis for this revision is the Foreign Trade Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of Technology Import and Export. From a policy trajectory perspective, China has been continuously refining its technology export control system in recent years, having previously imposed export controls on rare earth processing, drones, and certain advanced materials. The inclusion of AI infrastructure technologies such as large language models, AI agents, and computing power clusters in the proposed control list reflects policymakers’ heightened emphasis on technological sovereignty and security boundaries in the AI domain.
For industry participants, the interim registration management will create a transition period before the catalogue formally takes effect. Cross-border technology transfers, overseas licensing, and control changes involving the aforementioned technologies will require advance compliance planning. Companies in the AI sector, in particular, will need to reassess whether overseas technology collaborations or structural adjustments trigger registration obligations.
Notably, the announcement establishes exclusions or facilitation arrangements for open-source technologies, academic publications, and outbound licensing that does not involve ownership transfer, indicating that policymakers are attempting to strike a balance between technology security and innovation openness. The specific indicator details in the final catalogue and the implementation standards for facilitation measures will become key compliance focal points for enterprises going forward.
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JinkoSolar Holding Co., Ltd. disclosed on October 16, 2026 that Jinko Solar Co., Ltd., its principal operating subsidiary in which it holds a majority stake, has released estimates for selected preliminary unaudited financial results covering the nine months that ended September 30, 2026.
For that period, Jiangxi Jinko projects a preliminary unaudited net loss attributable to its shareholders ranging from RMB2,976.33 million to RMB3,576.33 million. When extraordinary gains and losses are excluded, the preliminary unaudited net loss attributable to Jiangxi Jinko shareholders is projected to fall between RMB3,811.12 million and RMB4,411.12 million.
The company explained that these Jiangxi Jinko figures diverge from JinkoSolar‘s consolidated financial results for two reasons. First, the scope of consolidation is not the same, since the Jiangxi Jinko numbers are compiled solely for that subsidiary, while the consolidated financials also incorporate statements from JinkoSolar and its other subsidiaries. Second, the accounting standards and principles underlying the two sets of figures differ: the Jiangxi Jinko preliminary unaudited financial results follow PRC GAAP, while the consolidated financials follow accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
JinkoSolar urged investors to review the Jiangxi Jinko preliminary unaudited financial results with caution and cautioned against making investment decisions based solely on those preliminary unaudited figures.
JinkoSolar presently holds an equity interest of approximately 54.32 percent in Jiangxi Jinko.
JinkoSolar presents itself as a holding company that blends clean energy industrial operations with strategic investment in emerging technologies. A controlling interest in Jinko Solar Co., Ltd., described by the company as a global leader in clean energy technology, forms its industrial foundation. According to the company, it pursues disciplined strategic investments in renewable energy, advanced materials, artificial intelligence, commercial space and other frontier technologies, leveraging its industrial experience and its ability to spot emerging technologies and scale them commercially.
Via Jinko Solar Co., Ltd., the company distributes solar products and sells solutions and services to a diversified international utility, commercial and residential customer base spanning China, the United States, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, Chile, South Africa, India, Mexico, Brazil, the United Arab Emirates, Italy, Spain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Poland, Austria, Switzerland, Greece and other countries and regions.
As of June 30, 2026, JinkoSolar reported over 10 production facilities worldwide, more than 20 overseas subsidiaries in countries including Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, India, Turkey, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, the United States and Mexico, and a global sales network with sales teams in China, the United States, Canada, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Italy, Germany, Turkey, Spain, Japan, the United Arab Emirates, the Netherlands, Vietnam and India.
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Developing | China mulls new tech export bans covering AI, biotech and solar power  South China Morning Post
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Emmvee Photovoltaic Power Ltd (NSE:EMMVEE) (Q2 2027) Earnings Call Highlights: Profit Surges …  Yahoo Finance
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Vikram Solar, an Indian solar PV module manufacturer, has secured a 187 MW module supply order from a renewable energy developer for solar projects at three locations across the southern Indian states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
Under the agreement, Vikram Solar will supply its high-efficiency N-Type TOPCon G12R modules, featuring glass-to-glass construction and bifacial technology, with power ratings ranging from 615–625 Wp, the company said.
The engagement builds on Vikram Solar’s existing association with the developer and adds to Vikram Solar’s growing pipeline as an integrated domestic manufacturer at a time when India is scaling up toward its target of 500 GW of non-fossil capacity. 
“As India’s solar sector continues to scale, the focus is increasingly on technologies that can deliver performance, reliability and long-term value across utility-scale projects,” Sameer Nagpal, Chief Executive Officer, Vikram Solar, said. “At Vikram Solar, we remain committed to advancing our technology capabilities and maintaining the manufacturing and execution standards that our customers expect, delivering dependable, high-efficiency solar solutions that support the evolving needs of India’s renewable energy sector.”
Headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal, Vikram Solar Limited specializes in photovoltaic (PV) module manufacturing, with an international presence across 39 countries. 

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Qcells, a South Korean full-service solar technology provider with major plants in North Georgia, announced new versions of its residential solar panels featuring aluminum frames made in Tennessee.
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BEIJING, Oct 16 (Reuters) – China has proposed adding 40 technologies across the artificial intelligence, ​biomedicine and photovoltaic sectors to ‌its catalogue of technologies prohibited or restricted from export, the commerce ministry announced on Friday.
Public opinions are ‌now ​being sought on ⁠the proposed revision until ⁠November 15 and China is simultaneously implementing interim pre-export registration management for the relevant technologies.
Those ​included in the proposed revision are AI models, intelligent ⁠agents and computing ⁠clusters, which are the ​three fundamental building blocks of China’s ​AI industry, at a time ‌of increasing competition and geopolitical tensions with the United States over the technology’s frontier development.
In ⁠a separate statement, the ministry said the revision was proposed as applications of ⁠related ‌technologies in sensitive fields ⁠are constantly expanding and ​that ‌the move was routine ​and does ⁠not target any specific country, region or entity.
(Reporting by Shi Bu, Liz Lee and Eduardo Baptista; Editing by Alison Williams and ​Philippa Fletcher)
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On October 16, China’s Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) and Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) issued Announcement No. 48, proposing revisions to China’s Catalogue of Technologies Prohibited or Restricted from Export, including 23 AI-related technologies.
At the same time, the authorities introduced an export registration requirement for the technologies listed in the announcement, effective immediately. This requirement also applies to exports that have already commenced but have not yet been completed.
Importantly, the registration requirement is already in effect, while the proposed additions to the export control catalogue remain subject to public consultation.
Pursuant to the Foreign Trade Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of Technology Import and Export, the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Science and Technology propose to revise the Catalogue of Technologies Prohibited or Restricted from Export to include certain technologies in artificial intelligence, biomedicine, and photovoltaics.
With the necessary approval, the proposed revisions are hereby released for public consultation. At the same time, a pre-export registration requirement will be introduced for the relevant technologies.
The public consultation covers 40 technologies across three sectors: artificial intelligence, biomedicine, and photovoltaics.
Artificial Intelligence: The proposed additions cover 23 technologies related to large AI models, AI agents, computing clusters, and information processing. Technologies that have already entered the public domain through open-source releases, academic publications, or other means will not be subject to these controls.
Biomedicine: The proposed additions cover five technologies related to cell and gene therapies, small nucleic acid drugs, and pathogenic microorganisms. Facilitation measures, including automatic licensing, will apply to overseas licensing arrangements that do not involve a transfer of ownership.
Photovoltaics: The proposed additions cover 12 technologies related to polysilicon manufacturing, silicon wafer production, and solar cell manufacturing. The scope of technology controls will also extend to key and core equipment incorporating the relevant technologies.
The specific technologies proposed for inclusion, together with explanations of the relevant policy measures, are provided in Annex 1.
The public may submit comments between October 16 and November 15, 2026, regarding the proposed scope of technologies, technical thresholds, control measures, and facilitation arrangements through the following channels:
Email: jinxianmulu@mofcom.gov.cn
Fax: +86-10-65197565
Postal mail: Bureau of Industry, Security, Import and Export Control, Ministry of Commerce, No. 2 Dong Chang’an Avenue, Beijing 100731, China.
Please indicate “Public Consultation on the Catalogue of Technologies Prohibited or Restricted from Export” in the email subject line, on the cover page of any fax, or on the envelope.
Submissions should include the name of a contact person, the organization they represent, and their contact details. Submissions made on behalf of an organization must bear its official seal.
(1) Effective Period and Scope
From the date of publication of this announcement until the revised Catalogue of Technologies Prohibited or Restricted from Export is formally issued and takes effect, technology exporters must register the export of any technology listed in the annexes to this announcement before proceeding with the export.
Registration must be completed through the Technology Trade Management Information System on MOFCOM’s Unified Business Platform:
https://ecomp.mofcom.gov.cn
The registration requirement also applies to technology exports that have already commenced but have not yet been completed.
(2) Transactions Subject to Registration
The following types of technology export transactions are subject to registration:
Transfers of technology ownership to overseas entities, including transfers of intellectual property rights.
Licensing of domestically held technologies for use overseas, including intellectual property licensing arrangements.
Changes in the ownership or actual control of domestically held technologies whereby the owner or actual controller becomes an overseas entity.
Other circumstances in which MOFCOM explicitly requires registration through notices or other official communications.
(3) Information Required for Registration
The information to be registered mainly includes:
Basic information about the technology exporter and the technology recipient.
The destination country or region.
Details of the technology proposed for export and its intended use.
The estimated value of the technology export.
The specific information requirements are subject to those set out in the Technology Trade Management Information System on MOFCOM’s Unified Business Platform, as detailed in Annex 2.
Where multiple technologies are intended to be exported to the same recipient as part of a single transaction, they may be included in one registration submission. In other circumstances, separate registrations should generally be submitted.
Annex 1: Proposed Scope of Artificial Intelligence, Biomedical, and Photovoltaic Technologies to Be Included in the Catalogue of Technologies Prohibited or Restricted from Export (Draft for Public Consultation).
Annex 2: Technology Export Information Registration Form.
Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China
October 16, 2026
Serial number; industry sector; code; technology name; control points.
Internet and related services. High-performance detection technology: Technologies for manufacturing authentication systems and equipment specifically or mainly used for preventing and handling security risks in cross-border transmission of China’s network data, where the detection accuracy and recall rate for deeply synthesized video, audio, images, or multimodal information are 95%.
Information confrontation technology: 1. AI autonomous-driven malicious code generation and mutation technologies that have any of the following characteristics and may be used to attack highly sensitive systems such as national critical information infrastructure, national defense and military industry, and core government affairs, or to bypass national security defense systems: (1) an attack success rate of 60% against multi-engine malware detectors;
(2) an attack success rate of 85% against a single mainstream antivirus software;
(3) an attack success rate of 90% against machine learning models.
2. Adaptive evolution in adversarial environments and runtime dynamic behavior modification technologies that have any of the following characteristics and may be used to attack highly sensitive systems such as national critical information infrastructure, national defense and military industry, and core government affairs, or to bypass national security defense systems: (1) capable of detecting virtualization sandboxes, debuggers, and emulators, identifying the type and version of security products, or achieving sandbox escape;
(2) under the premise of maintaining complete malicious functionality, automatically rewriting 50% of code structure or control flow upon each execution.
3. Automated antivirus-evasion variant batch generation and distributed large-scale deployment technologies that have any of the following characteristics and may be used to attack highly sensitive systems such as national critical information infrastructure, national defense and military industry, and core government affairs, or to bypass national security defense systems: (1) generating 20 functionally equivalent but structurally different variants in a single run, or having an end-to-end automation rate of 80%;
(2) based on a single baseline payload, generating more than 10 variants every 24 hours with syntax tree divergence of 30%;
(3) sampled variants showing 90% consistency in behavioral profiles in sandboxes.
Software and information technology services. AI large model technology: Large models that provide services after being trained using China’s core data.
Note: The scope of “core data” is determined by the Data Security Law of the People’s Republic of China and other relevant laws and regulations.
Software and information technology services. AI agent technology: Agents specifically or mainly used in highly sensitive application scenarios such as national critical information infrastructure, national defense and military industry, and core government affairs, and reaching a high-performance level.
Note: “High performance” means meeting the control indicators for restricted-category AI agent technology under 266505X.
Serial number; industry sector; code; technology name; control points.
Internet and related services. High-performance detection technology: (Added on the basis of the existing seven items under this category of technology) 8. Technologies for manufacturing detection systems and equipment for deeply synthesized video, audio, images, or multimodal information, with accuracy and recall rate of 98%.
9. Video and image information steganography and extraction technologies that simultaneously meet the following characteristics: (1) high robustness, with an error code rate of 0.5% or recall rate of 99.9%;
(2) low false alarm rate, with false positive rate (FPR) of 0.1%;
(3) high imperceptibility, with structural similarity index (SSIM) of 0.999, or peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 41 dB, or learned perceptual image patch similarity (LPIPS) of 0.005.
Information confrontation technology: (Added on the basis of the existing five items under this category of technology) 6. AI-assisted vulnerability discovery technologies with any of the following characteristics: (1) in authoritative security benchmark tests, a vulnerability reproduction or exploitability determination score of 75%;
(2) for known publicly disclosed vulnerabilities, an end-to-end success rate for independently completing the process from vulnerability analysis to construction of a complete exploit chain: 50% success rate for mainstream operating systems or browsers, or 40% success rate for exploit construction at the arbitrary-code-execution level;
(3) vulnerability discovery and exploitation efficiency achieving an improvement of 10 times or more compared with the benchmark implementation by senior security experts, or achieving a performance improvement of 10 times or more in the number of exploitable vulnerabilities discovered in standard vulnerability database security benchmark tests;
(4) capable of autonomously chaining two or more low-risk or medium-risk software defects into a complete multi-stage attack chain and generating runnable proof-of-concept code;
(5) under a conventional testing framework, capable of autonomously discovering in one pass more than 5 previously undisclosed high-risk security defects, or more than 50 previously undisclosed security defects, in a major open-source project or mainstream operating system;
(6) reaching the highest level in mainstream domestic and international exploit capability grading systems.
Software and information technology services. Information processing technology: (Added on the basis of the existing 18 items under this category of technology) 19. Voiceprint recognition technologies with any of the following characteristics, including core voiceprint algorithm technology, anti-attack and anti-forgery technology, voiceprint recognition system technology, voiceprint data processing and protection technology, etc.: (1) under conditions of false positive rate (FPR) of 0.01%, enrollment speech duration of 30 seconds, test speech duration of 10 seconds, and speech signal-to-noise ratio of 20 dB, a true positive rate (TPR) of 99.1%;
(2) single voiceprint end-to-end processing latency of 300 milliseconds, and throughput of 100 requests/second;
(3) overall detection rate of 98% for common fraud attacks such as recording replay, speech synthesis, and voice conversion, or false acceptance rate of 1%;
(4) possessing specialized optimization capabilities for voiceprint recognition of minority languages or specific regional dialects, and recognition accuracy of 90% under standard test conditions.
20. Translation technologies with any of the following characteristics, specifically or mainly used for Chinese and minority languages: (1) an average mean opinion score (MOS) of 4.8 obtained through human evaluation on standard test sets;
(2) where translation semantic fidelity is 95%, a BLEU similarity score with standard answers of 35 for general-scenario translation, or 30 for professional-domain translation.
Software and information technology services. AI large model technology: 1. Large models that provide services after being trained using China’s important data.
2. Core technologies of large models with any of the following characteristics, including weight parameters, key checkpoints, underlying source code, architecture design, and technologies such as training optimization and inference acceleration: (1) computational volume of 1026 floating-point operations;
(2) parameter count of 000 billion;
(3) capabilities reaching the world-leading level.
Notes: Where only a trace amount (0.1%) of important data is used for training, the important data used cannot substantially improve the model’s core technology R&D capability in that data field, security measures such as desensitization and cleaning are adopted, the important data will not be reproduced in the output stage, or the relevant important data can be legally and publicly obtained, it is not included in the scope of administration of item 1. The scope of “important data” is determined by the Data Security Law of the People’s Republic of China and other relevant laws and regulations.
“Capabilities reaching the world-leading level” means that, at the time of the export activity, the model ranks among the global top 10 in public evaluations by mainstream domestic and international evaluation institutions, large-scale industry platforms, etc., in terms of comprehensive performance of large models, specialized business capabilities, global call volume, safety performance, training efficiency, etc.
Software and information technology services. AI agent technology: 1. Autonomous planning and task decomposition technology, capable of automatically decomposing natural-language instructions into a chain of 20 executable subtasks, with subtask decomposition accuracy of 80% and average subtask success rate of 90%.
2. Multi-agent collaborative architecture technology, supporting 60 concurrent collaborative agents, with overall task completion time, under the same effect, being two times the minimum completion time of a single agent, and the consistency rate between the final multi-agent conclusion and the standard answer being 85%.
3. Tool calling and system operation technology, supporting integration of 200 third-party tools, with tool selection accuracy of 90%, and in scenarios requiring three or more tools to collaborate to complete a task, average end-to-end task success rate of 90%.
4. AI game decision-making technology with all of the following characteristics: (1) single-task decision planning depth of 20 steps or 10 concurrent game agents;
(2) possessing strategy self-adaptation capability, complex dynamic game decision latency of 200 milliseconds and 10 control units;
(3) exceeding 90% of humans on standard game benchmarks.
Software and information technology services. AI chip design technology: 1. AI processor chip design technologies with any of the following characteristics, including chip architecture, self-developed instruction sets, intelligent computing intellectual property cores, supporting foundational software stacks, etc.: (1) requiring use of 14 nm or below manufacturing process;
(2) possessing floating-point or integer computing capability;
(3) adopting 2.5D or 3D advanced packaging integration technology;
(4) possessing high-speed interconnection capability;
(5) new architectures based on non-von Neumann architectures such as compute-in-memory and neuromorphic computing;
(6) applicable to specific scenarios such as autonomous driving, computer vision, and intelligent speech.
2. Memory chip design technology: (1) 3D flash memory chip design technologies with any of the following characteristics: 1) storage density of 8 gigabits per square millimeter (Gb/mm2); 2) I/O rate of 1.5 gigabits per second (Gbps); 3) adoption of bonding technology. (2) Memory chip design technologies with any of the following characteristics: 1) requiring use of 18 nm or below memory manufacturing process; 2) adopting a vertical-channel transistor architecture; 3) adopting bonding technology; 4) implementing multilayer stacking.
Software and information technology services. AI computing power cluster technology: 1. Inter-chip or inter-node high-speed interconnection technology for large-scale intelligent computing clusters, with bidirectional bandwidth of 800 gigabytes per second (GB/s).
2. Distributed training fault-tolerance technologies with any of the following characteristics, used in large-scale intelligent computing clusters to ensure stable operation of distributed training: (1) average mean time to recovery (MTTR) of the checkpoint recovery mechanism of 120 seconds;
(2) supporting automatic fault sensing and seamless task migration, with visible interruption time caused by faults to training tasks of 30 seconds;
(3) under a typical cluster scale, the effective computing power waste rate of graphics processing units (GPUs) caused by network faults is 5%.
3. Efficient communication scheduling technologies with any of the following characteristics, used in large-scale intelligent computing clusters to optimize cluster communication efficiency: (1) linear scalability of 98%;
(2) possessing dynamic topology-aware routing and cross-multiple-plane load balancing capabilities, with end-to-end communication latency of 1 microsecond;
(3) supporting deep overlap of communication and computation, with communication hiding rate of 90%.
4. Heterogeneous-cluster efficient inference and scheduling technologies with any of the following characteristics, supporting unified scheduling and collaborative inference of AI chips from two or more different vendors in large-scale intelligent computing clusters, including heterogeneous computing power unified scheduling frameworks, mixed-precision collaborative training technologies, heterogeneous inference optimization technologies, heterogeneous-cluster intelligent operation and maintenance technologies, etc.: (1) supporting unified adaptation and hybrid scheduling of two or more high-speed communication protocols, with cross-chip communication bandwidth utilization of 90%, or cross-node end-side communication latency of 5 microseconds;
(2) supporting unified management of computing nodes across more than two different architectures, with throughput performance of heterogeneous inference clusters improved by 30% compared with a single-chip cluster solution, or average utilization of AI accelerator cards in heterogeneous clusters improved by 65%, or inference cost reduced by 20% compared with a single-chip solution, or cluster average fault recovery time of 10 minutes and cluster availability of 99.9%;
(3) supporting unified computing power scheduling and task allocation across two or more geographically distributed intelligent computing centers, with cross-region scheduling training efficiency being 80% of single-cluster efficiency, or supporting real-time load balancing and task migration for cross-region heterogeneous computing power resources.
Note: “Large-scale intelligent computing cluster” refers to a computing entity with more than 10,000 AI accelerator cards in total.
Serial number; industry sector; code; technology name; control points.
Pharmaceutical manufacturing. Original cell and gene therapy technology: Cell and gene therapy technology process platforms with independent intellectual property rights.
Notes: Only outbound transfer of ownership is prohibited; outbound licensing, use of relevant technology processes to provide outsourced R&D and production services, and other circumstances that do not transfer ownership outbound are not within the scope of administration. For specific drug varieties at different R&D and production stages, relevant technology processes necessary for R&D, testing, production, quality control, marketing, compliance, etc. in the course of outbound cooperation or business transactions (BD) are not within the scope of administration.
“Technology process platform” refers to a set of reusable underlying common technologies formed through long-term R&D accumulation and capable of supporting the development of multiple drugs. Development technologies and processes used for a single drug variety are not within this scope.
Pharmaceutical manufacturing. Original small nucleic acid drug technology: Small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) drug technology process platforms with independent intellectual property rights.
Notes: Only outbound transfer of ownership is prohibited; outbound licensing, use of relevant technology processes to provide outsourced R&D and production services, and other circumstances that do not transfer ownership outbound are not within the scope of administration. For specific drug varieties at different R&D and production stages, relevant technology processes necessary for R&D, testing, production, quality control, marketing, compliance, etc. in the course of outbound cooperation or business transactions (BD) are not within the scope of administration.
“Technology process platform” refers to a set of reusable underlying common technologies formed through long-term R&D accumulation and capable of supporting the development of multiple drugs. Development technologies and processes used for a single drug variety are not within this scope.
Research and experimental development. Pathogenic microorganism technology: Artificial genetic modification and directed passage gain technologies for pathogenic microorganisms, with any of the following characteristics: (1) function-enhancement technologies for known or potential pathogenic microorganisms;
(2) passage culture systems and processes used for large-scale proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, directed accelerated evolution, and stable maintenance of specific virulence characteristics;
(3) artificial controlled passage induction technologies simulating natural evolutionary processes.
Serial number; industry sector; code; technology name; control points.
Pharmaceutical manufacturing. Original cell and gene therapy technology: Completely novel target discovery and validation technologies for cell and gene therapy with independent intellectual property rights.
Notes: “Completely novel target” refers to a drug target that has not been publicly disclosed worldwide through patents, academic literature, public databases, industry technical materials, academic conferences, or other channels.
“Completely novel target discovery and validation technology” refers to technology used to screen, discover, and confirm completely novel targets and to identify drug action sites with druggability potential.
Pharmaceutical manufacturing. Original small nucleic acid drug technology: Completely novel target discovery and validation technologies for small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) with independent intellectual property rights.
Notes: “Completely novel target” refers to a drug target that has not been publicly disclosed worldwide through patents, academic literature, public databases, industry technical materials, academic conferences, or other channels.
“Completely novel target discovery and validation technology” refers to technology used to screen, discover, and confirm completely novel targets and to identify drug action sites with druggability potential.
Serial number; industry sector; code; technology name; control points.
Non-metallic mineral products industry. Polysilicon preparation technology: 1. Cold hydrogenation fluidized-bed process with single-line trichlorosilane production capacity of 250,000 tons/year, and technologies for manufacturing its equipment.
2. Silane fluidized-bed process with single-line capacity of 20,000 tons/year, and technologies for manufacturing its equipment.
Non-metallic mineral products industry. Silicon wafer preparation technology: Silicon wafer preparation technology with thickness of 70 micrometers, and technologies for manufacturing its equipment.
Note: “Silicon wafer preparation technology” includes program code, underlying algorithm models, equipment drawings, etc.
Electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing. Photovoltaic cell preparation technology: 1. Edge passivation photovoltaic-specific technology for crystalline silicon cell preparation, and technologies for manufacturing its equipment, simultaneously meeting the following conditions: (1) usable for full, half, or multi-split solar silicon wafers, and calculated by the size of a full silicon wafer, each side length is between 182 and 230 millimeters;
(2) silicon wafer thickness of 140 micrometers.
2. Perovskite and tandem cell module production technologies, and technologies for manufacturing their equipment, including: (1) perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem cell technology, with mass-produced silicon wafer size of 182 millimeters and efficiency of 30%;
(2) perovskite-specific slot-die coating technology, with processing width of 1.1 meters;
(3) large-area single-junction perovskite cell module technology, with single-junction perovskite cell module area of 1 square meter and efficiency of 18%;
(4) large-area tandem perovskite cell module technology, with module area of 1 square meter and efficiency of 28%.
Serial number; industry sector; code; technology name; control points.
Non-metallic mineral products industry. Polysilicon preparation technology: 1. Polysilicon engineering technology with single-line capacity of 30,000 tons/year.
2. Reduction process with single reduction furnace polysilicon capacity of 800 tons/year, and technologies for manufacturing its equipment.
Note: “Engineering technology” includes equipment engineering design, plant construction engineering design, process packages, etc.
Non-metallic mineral products industry. Silicon wafer preparation technology: 1. Technologies for pulling photovoltaic monocrystalline silicon rods, and technologies for manufacturing their equipment, including: (1) monocrystalline furnace design application schemes with furnace body chamber inner diameter of 1600 millimeters;
(2) monocrystalline furnace thermal field design application schemes with size of 35 inches;
(3) monocrystalline furnace design application schemes with pulling speed of 1.2 millimeters/minute;
(4) monocrystalline furnace design application schemes with constant-diameter power consumption of 40 kilowatts.
2. Machining technologies for photovoltaic monocrystalline silicon rods, and technologies for manufacturing their equipment, including: (1) half-rod cutting and grinding preparation processing technology;
(2) machining technology usable for manufacturing silicon rods with length of 720 millimeters.
3. Ultra-thin large-size photovoltaic silicon wafer preparation technologies, and technologies for manufacturing their equipment, including: (1) preparation technologies usable for manufacturing rectangular silicon wafers with any side length of 182 millimeters;
(2) technologies usable for preparing silicon wafers with thickness of 130 micrometers or below: 1) tungsten-wire slicing technology of 28 micrometers or below; 2) slicing equipment design application schemes with spindle speed of 6500 revolutions/minute, or main roller diameter of 120 millimeters, or transverse axial distance of main rollers of 370 millimeters.
Electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing. Photovoltaic cell preparation technology: 1. Preparation technologies for high-efficiency tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) and high-efficiency back contact (XBC) crystalline silicon cells, and technologies for manufacturing their equipment, including: (1) ultra-thin tunnel oxide layer and doped polysilicon selective passivated contact layer low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) photovoltaic-specific coating technologies simultaneously meeting the following conditions: 1) usable for full, half, or multi-split solar silicon wafers, and calculated by the size of a full silicon wafer, each side length is between 182 and 230 millimeters; 2) silicon wafer thickness of 140 micrometers; 3) calculated by a full G12 silicon wafer, LPCVD equipment capacity of 6000 wafers/hour and PECVD equipment capacity of 6000 wafers/hour. (2) Aluminum oxide surface passivation layer atomic layer deposition (ALD) photovoltaic-specific coating technologies simultaneously meeting the following conditions: 1) calculated by the size of a full silicon wafer, each side length is between 182 and 230 millimeters; 2) silicon wafer thickness of 140 micrometers; 3) calculated by a full G12 silicon wafer, capacity of 12000 wafers/hour. (3) High-temperature boron diffusion photovoltaic-specific technologies simultaneously meeting the following conditions: 1) calculated by the size of a full silicon wafer, each side length is between 182 and 230 millimeters; 2) silicon wafer thickness of 140 micrometers; 3) calculated by a full G12 silicon wafer, capacity of 4500 wafers/hour. (4) TOPCon cell copper electroplating electrode preparation technologies simultaneously meeting the following conditions: 1) usable for full, half, or multi-split solar silicon wafers, and calculated by the size of a full silicon wafer, each side length is between 182 and 230 millimeters; 2) silicon wafer thickness of 140 micrometers. (5) Low-temperature amorphous or microcrystalline silicon deposition and PECVD photovoltaic-specific coating technologies simultaneously meeting the following conditions: 1) usable for full, half, or multi-split solar silicon wafers, and calculated by the size of a full silicon wafer, each side length is between 182 and 230 millimeters; 2) silicon wafer thickness of 140 micrometers. (6) XBC cell electroplating and chemical coating technologies simultaneously meeting the following conditions: 1) used for full, half, or multi-split solar silicon wafers, and calculated by the size of a full silicon wafer, each side length is between 182 and 230 millimeters; 2) silicon wafer thickness of 140 micrometers.
2. Heterojunction (HJT) crystalline silicon cell preparation technologies, and technologies for manufacturing their equipment, including: (1) heterojunction cell stacked transparent conductive film deposition technologies with any of the following characteristics, usable for processing silicon wafers with thickness of 110 micrometers: 1) indium content in transparent conductive film of 50%; 2) calculated by G12 silicon wafers, capacity of 14000 half-wafers/hour. (2) heterojunction cell crystalline silicon film deposition technologies with any of the following characteristics, usable for processing silicon wafers with thickness of 110 micrometers: 1) used for high-efficiency N-type heterojunction cells, with film crystallization rate of 40%, or calculated by G12 silicon wafers, capacity of 14000 half-wafers/hour; 2) used for P-type heterojunction cells, with maximum conversion efficiency of 23% under AM1.5 test conditions, or maximum conversion efficiency of 20.5% under AM0 test conditions. (3) Low-silver silver-coated copper heterojunction solar cell preparation technology, with silver content of 30%. (4) Copper electroplating electrode heterojunction cell preparation technology.
Note: In this category of technologies, “high efficiency” means average cell conversion efficiency of 25% under AM1.5 test conditions, or average mass-produced module conversion efficiency of 22. 3%.
Technologies that have entered the public domain through open source, publication of academic papers, or other means are not included in the scope of administration.
For technology exports involving open source of this category of technologies, as well as Chinese enterprises’ self-built and self-operated computing power centers overseas, overseas chip tape-out manufacturing, joint R&D using overseas resources, participation in international standard setting, and other circumstances, facilitation measures such as automatic licensing shall apply.
For technology exports involving public health emergencies, humanitarian assistance, joint R&D using overseas resources, outbound licensing, and other circumstances, facilitation measures such as automatic licensing shall apply.
The scope of technology administration also includes key and core equipment carrying the relevant technologies, specifically including trichlorosilane cold hydrogenation fluidized beds, silane fluidized beds, reduction furnaces, photovoltaic silicon wafer slicing equipment, monocrystalline furnaces applied to photovoltaic crystal pulling, machining equipment for photovoltaic silicon wafer preparation such as truncating and squaring, photovoltaic silicon wafer slicing equipment, edge passivation equipment (EPD) applied to half-wafer or multi-split processes, tunnel oxide doped polysilicon selective passivated contact layer deposition equipment (including both PECVD and LPCVD equipment), atomic layer deposition (ALD) equipment, high-temperature boron diffusion furnaces, copper electroplating equipment applied to TOPCon cells, crystalline silicon film deposition (PECVD) equipment applied to HBC and HTBC cells, copper electroplating equipment applied to XBC cells, transparent conductive film deposition equipment (PVD), amorphous or microcrystalline silicon film deposition equipment (PECVD), heterojunction cell copper electroplating equipment, and slot-die coating equipment.

On October 16, 2026, the Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) and the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) issued Announcement No. 48 of 2026, launching a public consultation on proposed revisions to the Catalogue of Technologies Prohibited or Restricted from Export (the “Catalogue”) and introducing temporary pre-export registration requirements for the relevant technologies.
A MOFCOM spokesperson responded to questions from the media regarding the announcement.
A: Under Article 20 of the Foreign Trade Law of the People’s Republic of China, the competent foreign trade department of the State Council, together with other relevant departments, is responsible for formulating, adjusting, and publishing the catalogue of technologies prohibited or restricted from export.
Since 2001, MOFCOM and MOST have revised the Catalogue on multiple occasions, adding some technologies, removing others, introducing controls where necessary, and relaxing restrictions where appropriate. This has become an established regulatory practice.
The current revision is likewise part of China’s routine technology trade management, conducted in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. It is not directed at any particular country, region, or entity.
In recent years, technologies related to artificial intelligence, biomedicine, and photovoltaics have increasingly been applied in sensitive areas. Major economies have introduced export controls of varying degrees in these sectors.
Drawing on internationally accepted practices, China is implementing necessary regulatory measures in accordance with the law. The objective is to prevent the risks of technology becoming uncontrollable or spreading inappropriately, while safeguarding normal international technological exchanges and cooperation, and ensuring that technological development remains beneficial, safe, controllable, and serves humanity.
A: The public consultation covers 40 key technologies across three sectors: artificial intelligence, biomedicine, and photovoltaics.
Fourteen technologies are proposed to be prohibited from export, including AI-driven malicious code generation and mutation technologies, proprietary technology platforms and processes for cell and gene therapies, and production technologies for perovskite and tandem solar cell modules.
Twenty-six technologies are proposed to be restricted from export, including AI-assisted vulnerability discovery technologies, proprietary technologies for discovering and validating novel targets for general-purpose cell and gene therapies, and polysilicon engineering technologies with a production capacity of at least 30,000 tonnes per year per production line.
The announcement also specifies circumstances in which facilitation measures may apply. Further details are available in the original announcement.
A: The Chinese government has consistently supported enterprises in conducting mutually beneficial international business operations and technological cooperation in accordance with laws and regulations. This policy position remains unchanged.
Before launching the public consultation, MOFCOM and MOST, together with the relevant industry authorities, organized extensive assessments involving research institutions and industry associations. They also consulted major enterprises and carefully considered the current state and development needs of industries both in China and overseas.
This is reflected in three main aspects.
First, the scope of controls is precise and limited. Most of the technologies proposed for inclusion are defined by specific technical parameters. Products manufactured using these technologies are not subject to the controls. This provides enterprises with clear and narrowly defined compliance boundaries and facilitates implementation.
Second, facilitation measures will be available. The proposed controls identify various export scenarios eligible for simplified procedures, reflecting a differentiated and category-based regulatory approach. This is intended to improve policy transparency and predictability while ensuring that technology exports remain safe, compliant, and orderly.
Third, the Catalogue will be dynamically adjusted. MOFCOM and MOST will continue to adjust the scope of the Catalogue in accordance with the law and technological developments, removing technologies that are no longer advanced or have become obsolete.
The current public consultation is intended to gather views and recommendations from a broader range of stakeholders.
A: Global AI innovation is entering a period of unprecedented activity, bringing both opportunities and challenges.
The proposal to add 23 key technologies related to large AI models, AI agents, computing clusters, and information processing is based primarily on two considerations.
First, ensuring that AI technologies remain safe and controllable.
The inherent and associated risks of AI have attracted significant attention worldwide.
Some of the technologies proposed for control, such as AI-driven autonomous malicious code generation and mutation technologies, could be used to attack sensitive systems, including national critical information infrastructure, defense and military systems, and core government systems, or to circumvent national security defenses.
If acquired by non-state actors or malicious entities, these technologies could pose risks to national security and the shared security of humanity.
The Chinese government’s purpose in introducing necessary controls is to establish safeguards against misuse and malicious applications, ensure that AI remains under human control, and advance international AI governance.
Second, encouraging open source development, openness, cooperation, and technology sharing.
The Chinese government is committed to making AI an important driver of shared prosperity and common security.
To support the development of an open-source AI innovation ecosystem, facilitation measures, including automatic licensing, will apply to several categories of technology exports, including:
Open-source releases of AI technologies.
Chinese companies establishing and operating their own computing centers overseas.
Overseas semiconductor tape-out and manufacturing activities.
Joint research and development using overseas resources.
Participation in international standards development.
These measures are intended to allow exports to proceed with minimal delay, essentially on a “register and export” basis.
Technologies that have already entered the public domain through open-source releases, academic publications, or other means are proposed to be excluded from export controls, creating a favorable environment for international AI exchanges and cooperation.
It should be particularly emphasized that China advocates AI dialogue and cooperation with all countries on the basis of mutual respect, equality, and mutual benefit, in order to jointly address the risks of AI proliferation and loss of control.
China supports Global South countries in strengthening their AI capabilities, bridging the digital divide, and promoting sustainable development.
Additional facilitation and support will be provided for technology exports required for international cooperation among members of the World Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Organization, including capacity building, technology sharing, and joint development of rules.
A: Chinese AI models and applications are expanding internationally through a wide range of business models.
The key factor in determining whether a particular form of overseas expansion falls within the scope of technology export controls is whether it involves the transfer of restricted technologies from within China to overseas destinations.
The scope of AI technologies proposed for control is precise and limited. Once the relevant measures formally take effect, the vast majority of AI technologies will remain freely exportable.
For AI technologies classified as restricted:
Overseas local deployment falls within the scope of technology export controls. However, where deployment takes place on a company’s own overseas cloud infrastructure or under other relatively controllable circumstances, facilitation measures such as automatic licensing may apply.
By contrast, where enterprises use restricted large AI models to provide API access, interactions through apps or websites, SaaS applications, or lightweight deployment on local end-user devices, these activities do not fall within the scope of large AI model technology export controls.
A: The existing Catalogue already includes certain biomedical technologies. The current proposal would add five technologies related to pathogenic microorganisms, cell and gene therapies, and small nucleic acid drugs.
There are three main considerations.
First, protecting human health and safety.
Technologies involving pathogenic microorganisms are directly related to public health and national biosecurity.
Prohibiting the export of these technologies is an institutional measure intended to safeguard national security, strengthen biosecurity protections, and protect human health globally.
Second, supporting orderly international cooperation in China’s biomedical sector in accordance with laws and regulations.
The proposed controls include exemptions or facilitation measures for important forms of international cooperation.
For example, overseas licensing of relevant proprietary technology platforms and processes, as well as the provision of outsourced R&D and manufacturing services using those technologies, will be excluded from the scope of controls.
For proprietary technologies involving the discovery and validation of relevant therapeutic targets, exports conducted through overseas licensing arrangements will be eligible for facilitation measures such as automatic licensing.
Third, advancing the vision of a global community of health for all.
The proposed policy explicitly provides for automatic licensing and other facilitation measures for exports of restricted technologies required for public health emergencies, humanitarian assistance, or joint R&D using overseas resources.
China will continue to share the benefits of technological development with other countries and contribute to improving global health and well-being.
A: The proposal would add 12 photovoltaic technologies covering polysilicon manufacturing, silicon wafer manufacturing, and solar cell manufacturing.
The main considerations are as follows.
First, safeguarding national security and interests.
In recent years, photovoltaic technologies have increasingly been applied in sensitive areas such as aerospace, national defense, unmanned systems, and high-security infrastructure.
The potential national security risks associated with photovoltaic technology exports have therefore increased, making timely and proportionate regulation necessary.
Second, supporting the sharing of green technologies.
The scope of technologies proposed for control is limited. Technologies that do not meet the specified control thresholds may continue to be exported freely.
The announcement identifies a small number of key photovoltaic equipment categories. Controls apply only where such equipment incorporates technologies meeting the specified control thresholds.
Other photovoltaic equipment not explicitly listed in the announcement will, in principle, not be subject to its requirements.
Third, improving the technology export regulatory framework.
Exports of key photovoltaic technologies often take place alongside the export, installation, commissioning, modification, and upgrading of photovoltaic production lines.
Exporters engaged in such activities must apply for technology export licenses in accordance with applicable regulations and use the relevant documentation to complete foreign exchange, banking, tax, customs, and other procedures.
A: To better understand demand for technology exports, improve evidence-based regulatory management, and prevent potential export risks, the temporary registration requirement has been introduced with the necessary approval pursuant to Articles 18 and 20 of the Foreign Trade Law of the People’s Republic of China.
From the publication date of MOFCOM and MOST Announcement No. 48 of 2026 until the revised Catalogue formally takes effect, technology exporters must register exports of the technologies listed in the announcement through the Technology Trade Management Information System on MOFCOM’s Unified Business Platform before proceeding with the exports.
Exporters are responsible for determining whether their proposed technology exports fall within the scope of the temporary registration requirement.
Exports that have already commenced but have not yet been completed are also subject to registration.
The following circumstances require registration:
Transfers of technology ownership to overseas entities.
Licensing of domestically held technologies for use overseas.
Changes whereby the owner or actual controller of domestically held technologies becomes an overseas entity.
Other circumstances explicitly designated by MOFCOM as requiring registration.
It should be particularly noted that exports of key and core photovoltaic equipment falling within the scope of the Catalogue must also be registered in accordance with the relevant requirements.
Enterprises encountering difficulties or questions during the registration process may consult MOFCOM and MOST for assistance.
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