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Researchers have created an intelligent water-spray mechanism for photovoltaic modules that operates only during high temperatures, according to a report from pv magazine. The system is designed to enhance energy generation while conserving water in desert climates.
A team from Algeria’s Kasdi Merbah University built the prototype. The setup involved testing two identical solar panels in the Saharan city of Ouargla, with one panel receiving cooling and the other serving as a baseline. The cooling apparatus used a pipe with multiple outlets mounted along the panel’s top edge.
Testing occurred over eight days in June and July of 2024. The system was first run continuously and then upgraded to a smart configuration triggered by specific temperature thresholds. During the trials, solar irradiation and ambient temperature measurements were recorded at regular intervals.
The continuous cooling method increased power output and lowered module temperature, leading to a notable efficiency gain. The smart system also raised power generation and decreased panel temperature. It achieved a comparable average cooling efficiency to the continuous method but used significantly less water and required far less pump operation time and power.
Analysis indicates the intelligent cooling configuration has lower annual electricity costs compared to both continuous cooling and non-cooled systems. The researchers concluded that while continuous cooling may yield slightly higher absolute power, the smart system’s advantages in cost and resource consumption make it more suitable for desert environments.
The findings were detailed in a paper published in Applied Thermal Engineering. Scientists from institutions in Algeria, France, and Spain contributed to the research.
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