Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.
Advertisement
Perovskite photovoltaics
Nature Energy (2026)
Perovskite photovoltaics that use self-assembled monolayers as hole-transport layers are unstable under reverse bias, but the underlying mechanism has not been well understood. This instability is now shown to arise from formamidinium deprotonation triggered by the discontinuities in the self-assembled monolayer on the indium tin oxide substrate.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals
Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription
$32.99 / 30 days
cancel any time
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 digital issues and online access to articles
$119.00 per year
only $9.92 per issue
Rent or buy this article
Prices vary by article type
from$1.95
to$39.95
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Chen, H. et al. Science 384, 189–193 (2024).
Article Google Scholar
Liu, C. et al. Nature 633, 359–364 (2024).
Article Google Scholar
Jiang, Q. et al. Nature 623, 313–318 (2023).
Article Google Scholar
Ren, X. et al. Nat. Mater. 23, 810–817 (2024).
Article Google Scholar
Jiang, F., Shi, Y., Rana, T. R. & Morales, D. Nat. Energy 9, 1275–1284 (2024).
Article Google Scholar
Wang, X. et al. Nat. Energy https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-026-02014-9 (2026).
Article Google Scholar
Jiang, W., Qu, G., Huang, X. & Chen, X. Nature 646, 95–101 (2025).
Article Google Scholar
Liu, T. et al. Sci. Adv. 11, eadu3493 (2025).
Article Google Scholar
Download references
School of Physics, Engineering Research Center of Nano-photonics and Advanced Instrument Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
Sheng Fu, Xiaodong Li & Junfeng Fang
PubMed Google Scholar
PubMed Google Scholar
PubMed Google Scholar
Correspondence to Junfeng Fang.
The authors declare no competing interests.
Reprints and permissions
Fu, S., Li, X. & Fang, J. Understanding reverse bias effects. Nat Energy (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-026-02017-6
Download citation
Published:
Version of record:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-026-02017-6
Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:
Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.
Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative
Advertisement
Nature Energy (Nat Energy)
ISSN 2058-7546 (online)
© 2026 Springer Nature Limited
Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.
