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A team at Kyushu University has developed a method that may guide photovoltaic technology past persistent efficiency limits. According to a report in pv magazine, the work centers on a quantum process called singlet fission, where a single photon can create two electron-hole pairs.
The researchers paired singlet-fission materials with a specially designed molybdenum-based spin-flip emitter. This combination demonstrated energy conversion in a solution with an effective quantum yield of approximately 130%. The emitter is designed to capture triplet excitons, which are often non-emissive, and convert them into near-infrared light.
The molecular design of the emitter allows for an electron spin flip during light absorption or emission. This enables more efficient harvesting of the multiple excitons generated by singlet fission. The structure of the molecular linker connecting the light-absorbing units is a critical factor, heavily influencing the efficiency and dynamics of the energy transfer process.
Applications in solar cells will require integrating these materials into solid-state systems, a step the researchers note they are actively pursuing. The approach could block certain energy loss pathways in silicon solar cells, allowing for selective extraction of energy from triplet states. Beyond photovoltaics, the method may also enable new quantum technologies and contribute to next-generation quantum material design.
The findings were published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.
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