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A research team in Germany has developed a new method for creating copper, indium, and selenium-based micro-concentrator solar cells. According to a report by pv magazine, the process uses laser-assisted metal-organic chemical vapor deposition to grow indium islands directly on a molybdenum-coated glass substrate, forming absorber arrays without requiring masks or patterning steps.
The fabrication begins with the laser array locally heating the substrate to decompose a precursor gas at specific spots, creating a grid of indium islands. A copper layer is then added, and the stack undergoes selenization to form the final absorber material. The cell structure is completed with additional buffer and window layers before the array is contacted as a single module.
The scientists noted that the indium islands formed distinct clusters that did not merge, even under high heat, and their structure remained visible after processing. They produced several micro-modules for testing.
Under standard illumination, these initial, unoptimized devices demonstrated a conversion efficiency of up to 0.65%. When exposed to concentrated light simulating up to 17 times standard intensity, the cells showed significant efficiency gains, reaching up to 250% higher output compared to their baseline performance.
The researchers identified several challenges requiring resolution, including the initial shape of the indium islands and process consistency. They concluded that addressing these issues is essential, and the method could become a fast and resource-efficient production technique for advanced micro-concentrator photovoltaics. The work was detailed in the journal Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells and involved multiple German institutions.
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