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Nature volume 656, pages 616–623 (2026)
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Wide-bandgap (WBG) mixed-halide perovskites with high bromine (Br) content, which are used as the front-cell material in perovskite–organic tandem solar cells (TSCs), often exhibit initial halide-mixing inhomogeneity and light-induced halide segregation1,2,3, limiting the performance of perovskite–organic TSCs. Here we introduce a photo-transformable additive, 4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-3H-diazirin-3-yl]benzylammonium salt (TDB), into the WBG perovskite precursor solution to establish a two-stage strategy for stabilizing the mixed-halide phase. During crystallization, TDB improves the initial halide homogeneity by suppressing the rapid precipitation of the Br-rich phase and accelerating halide mixing upon annealing. During operational illumination, TDB undergoes transformation to form a new species with stronger adsorption on the perovskite grain-boundary surfaces, which inhibits the formation of iodide-related defects and suppresses defect-assisted carrier trapping and ion migration, thereby mitigating light-induced halide segregation4,5,6. The representative WBG perovskite (bandgap energy (Eg) = 1.88 eV) solar cell had a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.01%, with an open-circuit voltage of 1.42 V, a fill factor of 85.13% and improved stability under illumination. By integrating the WBG perovskite solar cell into a monolithic perovskite–organic TSC, we achieved a PCE of 28.80%, with a certified steady-state PCE of 28.04%. The perovskite–organic TSC retained 90% of its initial PCE after 625 h of operation under the ISOS-L-1 protocol.
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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon request. Source data are provided with this paper.
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We thank the 1W1A-Diffuse X-ray Scattering Beamline of Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility for providing technical support and assistance in GIWAXS data collection; Enli Technology for QFLS measurement equipment; Shenzhen HUASUAN Technology for assistance with theoretical calculations; and N. Wu for assistance with solid-state 207Pb NMR measurements and data analysis.
The authors disclose support for the research of this work from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFB4205200), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB0520102), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52173188), and the Key R&D and Achievement Transformation Plan Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (2025YFHH0021).
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Ruihan Wu, Shucheng Qin, Tianwei Zou, Xin Jiang, Senyao Wang, Siyu Zhuang, Yiyang Wang, Siguang Li, Minchao Liu, Yishun Feng, Yufei Gong, Haozhe He, Peiwen Liao, Jinyuan Zhang, Xiaojun Li, Lei Meng & Yongfang Li
School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Ruihan Wu, Tianwei Zou, Xin Jiang, Senyao Wang, Siyu Zhuang, Yiyang Wang, Siguang Li, Minchao Liu, Yishun Feng, Yufei Gong, Haozhe He, Peiwen Liao, Lei Meng & Yongfang Li
East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
Hongyu Li
Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Yu Chen
Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
Yongfang Li
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L.M. and R.W. conceived the idea and designed the experiments. R.W. performed device characterization and analysed data. R.W., S.Q., T.Z. and S.W. participated in the fabrication and characterization of tandem solar cells. S.Z. and X.J. participated in device fabrication. S.Q. and H.L. performed DFT calculations and analysis. Y.W., S.L., M.L. and Y.F. participated in the photoluminescence and optoelectronic property analyses. Y.G., H.H. and P.L. synthesized the organic photovoltaic materials. Y.C. participated in the design and analysis of in situ GIWAXS experiments. J.Z. performed in situ photoluminescence measurements. X.L. participated in the data analysis and discussion. L.M. and Y.L. supervised the project. R.W., L.M. and Y.L. wrote the manuscript. All authors contributed to the work.
Correspondence to Lei Meng or Yongfang Li.
The authors declare no competing interests.
Nature thanks the anonymous reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work. Peer reviewer reports are available.
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Wu, R., Qin, S., Zou, T. et al. Perovskite–organic tandem solar cells with a photo-transformable stabilizer. Nature 656, 616–623 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10869-x
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