Solar panels have become increasingly popular in many countries around the world in recent years. However, they lose efficiency over time. The typical annual efficiency loss for solar panels ranges from 0.3% to 1%. The American specialized outlet SlashGear explained the reasons behind this.
The report notes that efficiency loss can be categorized into three main causes: light-induced degradation, potential-induced degradation, and aging-induced degradation. The publication explains that the rate of degradation depends on several factors, including the quality and type of the panel. For example, efficiency loss due to light-induced degradation (LID) primarily affects older P-type panels. Light-induced degradation occurs when cells are first exposed to sunlight. This triggers a phenomenon known as a boron-oxygen defect and can reduce efficiency by roughly 1% to 3%. Modern N-type panels, however, have practically eliminated this factor.
Potential-induced degradation (PID) is slower and cumulative. It is a voltage-induced effect that occurs when high voltage, heat, and humidity interact within the cell. This happens due to an electrochemical reaction in which positively charged sodium ions migrate toward the negatively charged solar cell. In some cases, potential-induced degradation can reduce a solar panel’s efficiency by nearly 40% in just a few months and by up to 90% over several years.
Aging-induced degradation can occur as soldered joints and contact connections experience stress and fatigue over hundreds of thermal cycles.
How to Mitigate Solar Panel Degradation
The publication points out that to avoid light-induced degradation, it is best to avoid purchasing P-type solar panels, which are prone to this issue. It is worth opting for N-type panels instead. The article also advises ensuring that any purchased solar panel is of decent build quality. Poorly manufactured panels using substandard materials and components wear down much faster than higher-quality alternatives.
Proper solar panel maintenance can also curb efficiency losses. Nevertheless, the wear and tear of time will inevitably take its toll.
SlashGear previously outlined the key drawbacks of portable solar panels as well. Specifically, they offer lower output compared to full-sized installations and lack the surface area, secure mounting, and overall durability of traditional rooftop setups. The heightened risk of theft presents an additional concern. | BGNES
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