Solar Now

Output from solar farms rose by a third while electricity from fossil fuels fell, research from thinktank reveals
UK shifts older wind and solar farms to fixed-price deals to reduce price shocks
All of last year’s growth in global electricity demand was met from renewable sources, while fossil fuel power generation remained flat, research has found, marking what many hope could become a turning point in the drive to phase out planet-heating fossil fuels.
Solar power generation rose by nearly a third in 2025, marking a new record and faster growth. In the decade from 2015, solar output grew tenfold, roughly doubling every three years, according to the thinktank Ember.
More than half of the increase came from China, which has surged ahead in renewable energy and is also the world’s biggest exporter of clean energy components.
Solar power met three-quarters of the increase in electricity demand in 2025, with the remainder mostly met by wind power. Electricity generation from fossil fuels fell by 0.2%.
Aditya Lolla, managing director of Ember, said: “We have firmly entered the era of clean growth. Clean energy is now scaling fast enough to absorb rising global electricity demand, keeping fossil generation flat before its inevitable decline. The momentum we are seeing is no longer just an ambition, it is becoming a structural reality.”
India also showed strong growth in renewable energy, eroding the dependence on coal that has characterised most of its economic growth in recent years.
The country added record amounts of clean generation, outstripping the growth in its electricity demand. Fossil fuel power generation fell by 52 terawatt hours, slightly less than the fall seen in China.
Globally, renewable energy accounted for 34% of electricity generation in 2025, outstripping coal which took a 33% share.
The report also highlighted battery storage as a key factor. About 14% of last year’s additional solar generation was used at other times of day, thanks to large increases in the uptake of batteries, which have fallen sharply in price in the past decade.
The research examined trends last year, before the current oil crisis provoked by the US-Israeli war on Iran. But its findings apply to countries now facing an energy crunch as fossil fuel prices rose, said Lolla.
Transport and heating, highly dependent on oil and gas in many countries, must also be electrified if the world is to transition away from fossil fuels, meaning a global increase in electricity demand, and one that will require improvements to infrastructure such as power grids.
Lolla said: “Clean energy is already helping countries reduce exposure to fossil fuel imports and costs while meeting rising electricity demand. The next step is to modernise grids and regulatory frameworks so power systems are ready to handle this new reality.”
This month, more than 50 countries will meet in Colombia to discuss the global transition away from fossil fuels – a meeting arranged last year that has taken on greater urgency with the oil crisis.

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Telecommunications Consultants India Invites EOI For Hybrid Solar PV And BESS Project In Mauritius’ Agalega Islands  SolarQuarter
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The United States has announced preliminary antidumping duties on solar panels and cells imported from India, Indonesia, and Laos. This move comes as part of a continuing pattern of tariffs placed on solar imports over the past decade. The U.S. Commerce Department stated that companies from these countries were selling products at unfairly low prices in the American market, which harmed domestic manufacturers.
According to federal trade officials, exporters from the three nations were found to be “dumping cheap goods” in the U.S., giving them an unfair advantage over American producers. As a result, the department has calculated significant dumping margins. Imports from India face a preliminary duty rate of 123.04%, while those from Indonesia are subject to 35.17%. Imports from Laos have been assigned a rate of 22.46%.
Government data shows that these three countries played a major role in supplying solar products to the United States. In the previous year alone, imports from India, Indonesia, and Laos were valued at $4.5 billion. This figure accounts for nearly two-thirds of total U.S. solar imports, highlighting the importance of these countries in meeting America’s growing demand for solar energy products.
The decision is expected to have a strong impact on producers from these nations, many of whom have been key suppliers in the expanding U.S. solar market. The tariffs could disrupt trade flows and increase costs for companies that rely on imported solar components.
The case was initiated by the Alliance for American Solar Manufacturing & Trade. This group includes major industry players such as First Solar, Qcells, Talon PV, and Mission Solar. These companies argued that foreign competitors were engaging in unfair pricing practices, which made it difficult for domestic manufacturers to compete.
The alliance has previously succeeded in pushing for tariffs on solar imports from other Southeast Asian countries, including Malaysia, Cambodia, and Thailand. This latest development builds on those earlier actions and reflects ongoing concerns within the U.S. solar industry about international competition.
The Commerce Department has indicated that these duties are still preliminary. A final decision on imports from India and Indonesia is expected around July 13. For Laos, the final ruling is likely to be announced around September 9 or shortly after.
Earlier this year, in February, the department had already introduced preliminary countervailing duties on solar imports from the same three countries. These measures are aimed at addressing government subsidies that may have supported exporters.
Together, these actions signal a stricter approach by the United States toward protecting its domestic solar manufacturing sector. The final decisions in the coming months will determine the long-term impact of these tariffs on global solar trade.
 
 
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The four-terminal tandem device relies on FAPbI₃ nanoparticles and a spectral splitting design, combining a 24.4% wide-bandgap top cell and a 21.5% narrow-bandgap bottom cell to reach 30.2% efficiency. The system improves light utilization by directing different wavelengths to optimized subcells.
The top solar cell used for the four-terminal tandem device
Image: University of Tokyo
Researchers at the University of Tokyo in Japan have fabricated an all-perovskite tandem solar cell using a novel a light-absorbing layer deposition technique using formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) nanoparticles.
FAPbI₃ is widely used in high-efficiency perovskite solar cells because its bandgap of around 1.48 eV, which is close to the ideal value for solar energy conversion. It enables strong light absorption and has helped achieve power conversion efficiencies above 25% in research devices. However, its main limitation is that the desired black α-phase is metastable and can transform into a non-functional yellow phase. This has serious consequences for solar cell performance because it directly changes the material from a light-absorbing semiconductor into a wide-bandgap, non-active phase.
To address this, researchers typically use mixed cations, additives, and interface engineering to stabilize the material and improve durability. The Japanese scientists used FAPbI3 nanoparticles that were synthesized beforehand by a hot injection method for perovskite film formation using a two-step method. FAPbI₃-based perovskite layers were fabricated using a solution spin-coating process on cleaned and UV–ozone-treated substrates under inert conditions. A precursor solution was prepared by dissolving PbI₂ and formamidinium iodide (FAI) in a mixed solvent of dimethylformamide-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMF/DMSO) and stirring it until fully homogeneous.
The solution was then spin-coated onto substrates, followed by controlled thermal annealing to induce crystallization of the perovskite film. This process converted the liquid precursor into a dense, crystalline FAPbI₃ thin film with the desired photoactive α-phase.
The four-terminal (4T) tandem device was built with wide-bandgap (WBG) top cell with an efficiency of 24.4% and a bottom narrow-bandgap (NBG) cell with an efficiency of 21.5% and an inverted structure. The two cells were integrated into a four-terminal spectral splitting architecture using dichroic mirrors that separate light at selected wavelengths. This optical design reportedly minimizes losses while enabling efficient utilization of the solar spectrum across both cells.
The top cell was built with a substrate made of glass and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), a hole transport layer (HTL) made of tin oxide (Sno2), the perovskite absorber, a Spiro-OMeTAD electron transport layer (ETL) and a gold (Au) metal contact. The bottom inverted device was fabricated with a glass and FTO sustrate, a Spiro-OMeTAD ETL, the perovskite absorber, a buckminsterfullerene (C₆₀) HTL, a bathocuproine (BCP) buffer layer, and a silver (Ag) metal contact.
Image: University of Tokyo
“The main advantage of spectral split two-junction, four-terminal solar cells lies in their ability to reduce losses caused by spectral mismatch while achieving high efficiency,” corresponding author Satoshi Uchida told pv magazine. “This is accomplished by directing incident light to the most suitable subcell according to its wavelength. Furthermore, because of the four-terminal configuration, there is no constraint of current matching, allowing for flexible combinations of solar cells with a wide range of compositions. In addition, even if one subcell experiences a failure, the other can continue generating power, providing an advantage from a maintenance perspective.”
Tested under standard illumination conditions, the four-terminal cell was found to achieve a maximum power conversion efficiency of 30.2%. The best performance was obtained at a 775 nm split wavelength, where the WBG top cell contributes 24.1% and the NBG bottom cell 6.1%. This wavelength closely matches the absorption edge of the top cell, ensuring nearly full utilization of its spectral range. Beyond 775 nm, the top cell gains only a small increase in current, while the bottom cell loses significantly more photocurrent, reducing overall gains.
“Overall, our study demonstrates that carefully chosen spectral splitting wavelengths enable very high efficiencies in both four-terminal and two-terminal perovskite solar cell architectures,” said Uchida.
“As for practical deployment, conventional outdoor photovoltaic systems and integration with concentrator photovoltaics are considered particularly promising for our solar cell concept,” he went on to say. “On the other hand, the high cost of dichroic mirrors used for spectral splitting remains a challenge. For future practical implementation, it will be important not only to build on the findings of this study but also to explore simplified architectures, such as monolithic two-junction two-terminal devices and mechanically stacked two-junction four-terminal devices.”
The tandem device was presented in “All-Perovskite Four-Terminal Spectral Splitting Solar Cells of 30% PCE with FAPbI₃ Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Fabricated by Nanoparticle Technology,” published in ACS Omega. 
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Bangladesh’s BPDB has tendered 77.6 MW of solar capacity across three projects in Chittagong, Rangamati, and Dinajpur. The plants will be developed on a turnkey basis with funding from BPDB and the Power Sector Development Fund.
Image: Fredrik Rubensson, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0
The Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) has issued tenders for three solar power plants in the districts of Chittagong, Rangamati, and Dinajpur, with a combined capacity of 77.6 MW.
The projects include a 50 MW plant in Chittagong, a 7.6 MW installation in Rangamati, and a 20 MW facility to be built on land at a coal field in Dinajpur.
BPDB has invited international developers to develop the projects using its own funds and foreign currency resources from the Power Sector Development Fund.
All three grid-connected solar photovoltaic plants will be developed on a turnkey basis. Selected bidders will be responsible for design, engineering, manufacturing, supply, installation, testing, and commissioning.
Afroza Sultana, BPDB secretary, said the 20 MW plant will be located at the Barapukuria coal-fired thermal power plant site. The government aims to complete the project within one year.
The 7.6 MW facility will be installed at the Karnafuli Hydropower Station in Rangamati, also with a targeted completion timeline of one year after contract award.
The 50 MW plant will be developed in Rangunia subdistrict of Chittagong, with completion expected within 18 months of contract award, according to the tender documents.
Bidders are required to submit a tender security in the form of an irrevocable and unconditional bank guarantee issued by a scheduled bank in Bangladesh, or by a foreign bank endorsed by a scheduled Bangladeshi bank, in favor of the BPDB secretary.
Mostafa Al Mahmud, president of the Bangladesh Sustainable and Renewable Energy Association (BSREA), welcomed the government’s initiative to expand solar deployment and increase the share of renewables in the energy mix.
“The government needs to facilitate the installation of more solar power plants to reduce dependence on fossil fuel-based generation, which has become increasingly expensive,” he told pv magazine. “Providing appropriate incentives and reducing the tax burden on the solar sector will help ease the country’s energy crisis,” he added.
Under its Renewable Energy Policy 2025, the government of Bangladesh has set a target to install 10 GW of solar capacity by 2030. To support this goal, the Sustainable and Renewable Energy Development Authority (SREDA) is preparing a national renewable energy roadmap.
Bangladesh currently has approximately 1.73 GW of renewable energy capacity, of which around 1.44 GW comes from solar.
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Waaree, Premier Energies shares tumble 5%; here’s why solar stocks are in focus today  Business Today
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Organic Solar Cells Market
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The US Commerce Department has announced preliminary antidumping duties on solar PV cells and panels from India, Indonesia and Laos. The April 23, 2026 decision was based on a federal investigation into alleged dumping in the US market. According to Reuters, preliminary dumping margins were set at 123.04% for India, 35.17% for Indonesia and 22.46% for Laos. The three countries accounted for $4.5 billion in US solar imports last year, about two-thirds of the total. The case was filed by the Alliance for American Solar Manufacturing and Trade, which includes First Solar, Qcells, Talon PV and Mission Solar. Qcells is the solar division of Korea’s Hanwha. The alliance said that the imports were undercutting American-made products and distorting market competition. Commerce expects final decisions around July 13 for India and Indonesia, and around September 9 for Laos.

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India’s Jaipur–Chennai Solar Module Rail Service Launches, Revolutionizing Freight Transport with Eco-Friendly Solutions, Offering Faster and More Efficient Travel and Enhancing Connectivity Across Key Indian Cities  Travel And Tour World
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Louisiana’s state utility regulator has approved a near-$300 million solar farm to be built on former sugarcane fields in Iberville Parish, marking a significant step in the transition of agricultural land toward renewable energy generation in the region, The Advocate reported.
The Louisiana Public Service Commission cleared the project, named Cypress Harvest Solar, which will be owned and operated by Entergy Louisiana. The facility will be located on roughly 1,600 acres of former sugarcane farmland approximately five miles southwest of Plaquemine, between Milly Plantation and Derick Road near Belleview Drive. Once complete, it would be the first and only solar farm in Iberville Parish.
The project carries a total cost of approximately $297 million and is designed to generate 200 megawatts of clean energy, sufficient to power around 30,000 Louisiana homes annually. The electricity generated will be distributed across Entergy’s statewide ratepayer base as part of the company’s broader strategy to strengthen grid resiliency and expand its renewable energy portfolio.
Entergy representative Kristin Zatta, speaking before Iberville’s Parish Council, said solar is central to the company’s efforts to make clean energy accessible across the region. She also confirmed that the land, previously owned by two family farming operations — EJ Gay Planting and A. Wilbert’s Sons — was not leased out to tenants, meaning no leases were terminated and no workers displaced as a result of the land sale.
At its construction peak, the project is expected to create 201 jobs, with four permanent full-time positions once the facility is operational. It is estimated to generate $7.8 million in sales tax revenue during construction and $2.9 million in annual property tax thereafter. Entergy’s lease with the private landowners extends for up to 40 years, and the company plans to add a battery storage system to the site, which already houses an existing high-voltage substation.
Project Manager David Wilcox said construction would largely be funded through agreements with large industrial and commercial customers who purchase the power generated in exchange for renewable energy credits, a structure intended to limit the cost burden passed on to ordinary ratepayers.
District 3 Public Service Commissioner Davante Lewis noted that natural gas currently accounts for approximately 73 per cent of Louisiana’s energy generation. While the 200 megawatt facility would not dramatically shift that balance, he described it as a meaningful improvement to the state’s grid and a step toward greater diversification, particularly in times of peak demand or natural disaster.
If permitting, contracting, and engineering processes proceed on schedule, Entergy plans to break ground at the Cypress Harvest site in September 2026, with full operations targeted for September 2028. The company will hold a public information meeting for Iberville residents on April 28 at the Carl F. Grant Civic Center in Plaquemine from 5 to 6:30 p.m.
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This week, Roularta Media Group (RMG) commissioned a photovoltaic park at its production site in Roeselare. The Belgian media and printing group, which is forecasting sales of 302 million euros for 2025, installed 2,933 panels on a total surface area of 20,000 m2. The investment exceeds 1.1 million euros. The inauguration took place on Monday, in the presence of Flemish Minister-President Matthias Diependaele.
Located behind the Roularta Printing plant, this installation complements the 2�euros000� panels already on the roof. The newly installed panels produce almost 2�euros000� MWh per year, equivalent to the consumption of 565� households, and reduce CO2 emissions by around 120� tonnes. They cover 14% of Roeselare�??s energy needs.
Around 75% of the electricity generated will be used directly to power the site’s activities, primarily the printing plant, but also the offices and electric vehicle charging facilities. The remaining 25%, generated mainly at weekends, is fed into the grid.
The project is based on a ground configuration, which is rare in Flanders. The system takes into account the landscaping: the panels are installed at different heights to follow the topography of the land, and valleys and vegetated areas to enhance biodiversity structure the whole.
Roularta Media Group aims to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Xavier Bouckaert, CEO of RMG, states: “Today, we have already installed more than double the number of solar panels required by legislation by 2035 for large electricity consumers. This solar park (…) follows on from initiatives such as heat recovery from the printing plant and the electrification of the vehicle fleet. We are constantly striving to make our activities more sustainable.”
The group is also studying battery storage solutions to optimize the use of the electricity generated.
The deployment of the park is accompanied by an initiative involving the Group’s 1,200 employees. Each employee was able to associate his or her name with one or more panels, a way of involving the whole team in this major energy project.

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Published on 04/23/2026 at 07:09 am EDT
April 23, 2026
 
(“Zenith” or the “Company“)
 
Zenith Energy Ltd. (LSE: ZEN; OSE: ZENA; XSAT: ZENA SDR), is pleased to announce the acquisition of a 5 MWp photovoltaic development project located in Puglia, Italy (the “Puglia Acquisition“).
 
The Puglia Acquisition covers approximately 5 hectares of land in proximity to a motorway, within areas classified as suitable for solar PV development under the applicable regulatory framework.
 
The land has been acquired at a price of approximately €115,000 per hectare, reflecting the strategic value of the site in terms of location, infrastructure access, and proximity to the electricity grid.
 
The Company plans to develop a solar PV plant with an expected installed capacity of approximately 5 MWp following the Puglia Acquisition.
 
 
 
Following completion of the Puglia Acquisition, Zenith’s solar development pipeline has increased to a total of 178.5 MWp, representing a further expansion from the 173.5 MWp reported in the Company’s most recent independent valuation as of March 31, 2026, which assigned a total value of EUR 54.7 million to the portfolio.
 
The expansion of the pipeline is expected to support further value creation as projects advance through permitting, Ready-to-Build and construction stages. The Company remains focused on increasing the scale and quality of its portfolio while progressing assets towards monetisation and production.
 
Andrea Cattaneo, Chief Executive Officer, commented:
 
“With a combined installed capacity of 5 MWp, the project increases Zenith’s solar development pipeline to 178.5 MWp and adds further exposure to the Puglia market.
 
This acquisition aligns with our strategy of prioritising projects with short development timelines and near-term revenue potential.”
 
 
 
Project / stage
Capacity (MWp)
Status
Notes
Liguria Solar Asset
0.5
Production / upgrade
Currently producing 0.2 MWp; upgrade to 0.5 MWp planned.
Lazio Agrivoltaic Project 1
10.0
Development
First Lazio acquisition announced August 6, 2025.
Lazio Agrivoltaic Project 2
8.0
Development
First announced August 27, 2025.
Lazio Agrivoltaic Development Project
10
Development
Acquisition announced on March 20, 2026. Planned under PAS procedure.
Puglia Solar Project
5
Development
Acquisition announced today.
Piedmont Agrivoltaic Development Projects
30.0
Development
Acquisition comprising various agrivoltaic projects announced August 11, 2025.
Piedmont PV Development Project
10.0
Development
Acquisition announced August 22, 2025.
Piedmont Agrivoltaic Development Project
19.0
Development
Acquisition announced October 19, 2025.
Piedmont Advanced Agrivoltaic Development Project
10.0
Development
Acquisition announced February 2, 2026.
Piedmont Agrivoltaic Development Project
23.0
Development
Acquisition announced on March 13, 2026.
Piedmont Agrivoltaic Development Project
5.0
Development
Acquisition announced on March 13, 2026.
Puglia Solar Asset (“Andria-1”)
3.0
Under Construction
Construction starting July 2026.
Puglia Development Asset (“Andria-2” and “Barletta-1”)
6.0
Development (late-stage)
Acquisition announced September 16, 2025.
Puglia Solar Development (PV + BESS)
10.0
Development
Acquisition signed October 9, 2025.
Puglia PV Development (“Andria 3” and “Andria 4”)
4.0
Under Construction
Construction starting July 2026.
Puglia PV Development
10.0
Development
Acquisition announced November 17, 2025.
Puglia Ground-Mounted PV Projects (two sites)
5.0
Development
Acquisition announced February 18, 2026.
Puglia Photovoltaic Project (PV + BESS)
10.0
Development
Acquisition announced on March 5, 2025.
Total portfolio
178.5
 
 
 
 
Further Information:
 Zenith Energy LtdAndrea Cattaneo, Chief Executive Officer
 
 Tel: +1 (587) 315 1279
E: info@zenithenergy.ca
 
Notes to Editors:
Zenith Energy Ltd. is a revenue generating, independent energy company with energy production, exploration and development assets in North Africa, the US and Europe. The Company is listed on the London Stock Exchange Main Market (LSE: ZEN), the Euronext Growth of the Oslo Stock Exchange (OSE: ZENA) and on the Spotlight Stock Market in Sweden (XSAT: ZENA SDR).
Zenith’s strategic focus is on pursuing development opportunities through the development of proven revenue generating energy production assets, as well as low-risk exploration activities in assets with existing production.
For more information, please visit: http://www.zenithenergy.ca
Twitter: @zenithenergyltd
LinkedIn: https://bit.ly/3A5PRJb
Market Abuse Regulation (MAR) Disclosure
The information contained in this announcement is information that the Company is required to disclose under the EU Market Abuse Regulation (Regulation (EU) No 596/2014) (“MAR“), as applicable in Sweden and to companies listed on Spotlight Stock Market. The information was submitted for publication, through the agency of the contact person listed above, at the time this announcement was made public. Following publication, this information is now considered to be in the public domain.
 
 
http://publish.ne.cision.com//Release/ViewReleaseHtml/9954320D58C6F57FE0C856B0705FC7D6
(c) 2026 Cision. All rights reserved., source Press Releases – English
 
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Recently, China’s photovoltaic industry, the world’s most competitive “new energy powerhouse”, has caught someone’s eye.
The one eyeing it is none other than Elon Musk, who claims that solar energy can outperform nuclear fusion.
On March 20th, news spread in the photovoltaic circle that Tesla is in talks with Chinese suppliers and plans to spend $2.9 billion (about 20 billion RMB) to purchase photovoltaic manufacturing equipment. This money is for equipment from Chinese “photovoltaic star enterprises” such as Suzhou Maiwei Technology, Jiejia Weichuang, and Laplace.
Specifically, Musk wants to purchase the HJT heterojunction complete production line equipment from these enterprises – that is, the core production line for manufacturing high – end solar cells. For example, screen printing, coating, and welding equipment, these industrial machines that can turn ordinary silicon wafers into high – efficiency solar cells.

The reason why HJT is so important is that in Musk’s energy layout, it undertakes the mission of “space photovoltaic” in the future.
The so – called space photovoltaic is a concept born to solve the pain points of ground – based photovoltaic.
On the ground, solar panels can work at most 8 – 12 hours a day, and their operation depends on the weather. Solar power stations in geosynchronous orbit can be exposed to sunlight for most of the time, unaffected by day and night, weather, and seasonal changes. In space, power can be supplied almost 24 hours a day, and the energy density is much higher than that on the ground.
The problem is that in the extreme environment of space, ordinary photovoltaic panels simply can’t withstand it. There are high – energy cosmic rays bombarding in space, with a drastic temperature difference of ±150°C, and heat dissipation needs to be carried out in a high – vacuum environment. Ordinary TOPCon and PERC cells can’t survive even a few orbits in such a place.
At this time, HJT heterojunction becomes the ideal choice. It has several hard – core advantages that ordinary cells can’t match, such as strong radiation resistance, high conversion efficiency (the theoretical ceiling is as high as 27.5%), extremely thin and light, etc.
In other words, HJT is currently the only technology in the crystalline silicon route that can score high in all three dimensions of “high efficiency, radiation resistance, and light weight”.

However, if Musk was only eyeing HJT, it wouldn’t be a big deal.
The problem is that this time Musk is also eyeing the HJT complete production line equipment – which is quite thought – provoking. After all, Musk is well – known in the technology circle for his pursuit of “vertical integration”. Whether it’s building cars at Tesla or rockets at SpaceX, he wants to have full control over the entire manufacturing process and all components.
If Musk really “learns the ropes” of the photovoltaic production line this time, will China’s leading position in the photovoltaic industry be shaken?
Actually, although China’s photovoltaic industry is highly competitive in terms of production capacity, with silicon wafers costing just over one yuan each, the real moat of this industry has never been the machines. It is the implicit knowledge accumulated by tens of thousands of on – site engineers on the production line over the past decade.
For example, the PECVD thin – film deposition, the core process of HJT cells, is like putting a nano – level “protective suit” on the silicon wafer – using plasma to evenly coat a few – nanometer – thick amorphous silicon passivation layer on the surface of the ultra – thin silicon wafer. The flatness and compactness of this “suit” directly determine the conversion efficiency of the cell.
However, this process is as sensitive to parameters as making coffee with a difficulty level multiplied by ten thousand. A slight deviation in air pressure will lead to a decline in passivation quality. Excessive power will cause the plasma to damage the silicon wafer surface. Sometimes, a 5°C temperature difference can visibly deteriorate the film uniformity, just like a poorly made milk foam when making coffee.
What’s more troublesome is that this equipment will “accumulate dust” after three months of use – the chamber deposits change the airflow, and the parameters need to be recalibrated. This can’t be solved by following the instructions. It depends on the engineers’ intuitive understanding developed through “running – in” with the machine, just like an experienced driver can sense abnormal vehicle conditions in advance.

Then look at the PVD magnetron sputtering process of the TCO transparent conductive film. It’s like “coating a glass outer layer” on the silicon wafer – using high – speed ions to bombard the target material (a “pigment block” made of materials like ITO or AZO), so that the target atoms are evenly attached to the silicon wafer surface like a spray.
However, this “pigment block” will get smaller and change shape over time, just like a pencil tip getting rounder after long – term use, which causes the thickness and density of the “spray” to change. Engineers have to constantly adjust the power and gas ratio while monitoring real – time data, just like an experienced driver fine – tuning the steering wheel. This kind of “feeling” that follows the state of the target material can’t be developed without three to five years of experience; it can’t be rushed.
There is also the screen printing of low – temperature silver paste – this step is like “embroidering circuits” on a chip. The amorphous silicon layer of HJT cells is sensitive to high temperatures, so only “low – temperature glue” (low – temperature silver paste) below 200°C can be used, unlike traditional cells that can use high – temperature – resistant “solder” (high – temperature silver paste). This “low – temperature glue” is very delicate: if the printing pressure is too high, it will “smudge”; if the scraper moves too fast, it will “break the line”; if the screen is too loose, it will have “fuzzy edges”. As long as one grid line breaks or is not printed firmly, the current will be blocked, just like water in a pinched water pipe, and the yield rate will immediately drop.
It took Chinese engineers nearly ten years to figure out the process window of this step and improve domestic low – temperature silver paste from “barely usable” to “competitive with Japanese imports”. How many silicon wafers were scrapped and how much silver paste was wasted during this period is not visible to outsiders.
None of this knowledge is written in the equipment manual.
What’s more, this set of implicit knowledge doesn’t exist in isolation. It is deeply integrated with China’s unique industrial ecosystem, forming a “living system”.
Behind the core raw materials of HJT cells, there is an extremely precise local supply chain. ITO target material is a consumable for sputtering TCO conductive films. Its quality directly affects the conductivity and light transmittance of the film. After years of domestic research and development, a number of target material enterprises with mass – production capabilities have emerged in China.
In terms of low – temperature silver paste, high – temperature silver paste was basically domestically replaced around 2020. However, the technical threshold for HJT – specific low – temperature silver paste is higher, and domestic leading enterprises have only recently made breakthroughs. These material enterprises are mostly concentrated in areas like Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and have a high – frequency interactive and co – evolving relationship with HJT cell factories. If a cell factory finds that the rheology of a certain batch of silver paste is unstable, with just a phone call, the engineers from the material factory can come with samples on the same day for a joint investigation. If the target material factory changes the formula, it will send small – batch test pieces to the cell factory, and both sides will conduct process verification together.
This relationship is not a simple buyer – seller relationship between “suppliers and customers”, but a process of common technological growth. A large part of the technological progress in China’s photovoltaic industry is hidden in these thousands of “joint debugging sessions where material factory engineers go to cell factories”.
If you move the equipment to Arizona, these people can’t follow. The nearest ITO target material supplier is on the other side of the Pacific Ocean, and the engineer who knows the temper of this PECVD machine best is in Suzhou. The equipment is inanimate and can be packed and transported away. However, the industrial ecosystem woven by people, materials, experience, and relationships is alive. It is deeply rooted in China and can’t be uprooted.
Some people may say that as long as the production line is established, engineers and industry knowledge will gradually accumulate. Given Musk’s character as an “engineering maniac”, he may really make some breakthroughs.
However, what really makes China’s photovoltaic industry despair its opponents is not how strong it is now, but its incredibly fast evolution speed.
For example, before 2015, the mainstay of China’s photovoltaic industry was polycrystalline silicon cells, with a conversion efficiency of just over 18%. To be honest, the technology level was not very high, and it could be produced globally. Then, from 2015 to 2020, in just five years, the entire industry completed a major transformation from polycrystalline to single – crystal PERC. The conversion efficiency soared to over 22%, and the cost even decreased. This round of elimination directly sent most of Europe’s photovoltaic manufacturing industry to the grave.
But it doesn’t end there. Since 2021, N – type technology has exploded. TOPCon has taken over from PERC, pushing the efficiency to 27.79%. At the same time, HJT heterojunction is also advancing rapidly on another track, with the mass – production efficiency generally exceeding 24%. Moreover, it has fewer process steps and better temperature coefficients.
The two technology routes are not a “relay race” but a “parallel sprint”. While TOPCon is still expanding production crazily, HJT has already overtaken on the adjacent lane.

Observing this process, you will find that the technological iteration of China’s photovoltaic industry is not a linear “queue” but “folded” and almost simultaneous.
What does this mean? It means that by the time Musk transports the HJT production line back to the United States, installs and debugs it, trains the workers, and stabilizes the yield rate, China’s technology will have advanced a great deal.
This is not alarmist. In 2025, LONGi Green Energy has achieved a commercial – size efficiency of 33% for crystalline silicon – perovskite tandem cells, and the small – area efficiency has reached an astonishing 34.85% – this figure has far exceeded the theoretical limit of 29.4% for single – crystalline silicon cells. Even more impressively, LONGi has also developed flexible tandem cells, with an efficiency of 29.8% certified by the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems, setting a world record for the efficiency of flexible crystalline silicon – perovskite tandem cells.
Think about this pace: while the United States is still struggling to run the HJT production line smoothly, China is already exploring the next – generation “tandem” technology. It’s like you finally learn to drive a manual – transmission car with great effort, only to find that others are already driving self – driving cars.
This is the terrifying part of the “generational time difference”. If the United States starts from scratch to catch up with HJT, it is conservatively estimated that it will take 3 to 5 years to establish a complete supply – chain ecosystem – from upstream target materials and slurries, to mid – stream equipment debugging, and then to downstream component packaging. Each link needs time to develop.
Because HJT cells can only use low – temperature silver paste below 200°C, whose rheology and printing adaptability are extremely delicate. It took nearly ten years in China to improve domestic silver paste from “usable” to “comparable to imports”.
During this period, the formula needs to be tested repeatedly, and the printing process needs to be adjusted. A large number of silicon wafers and silver paste need to be scrapped to stabilize the quality.
This time difference means that Musk may catch up with today’s technology, but he will never catch up with China’s future technology.
At this point, some people may say – you’ve talked about so many advantages of China’s photovoltaic industry, but isn’t it still in a highly competitive state? Currently, the photovoltaic industry is suffering widespread losses. The price of components has dropped to rock – bottom, with only a few cents per watt. This doesn’t seem like a high – tech industry at all. It’s more like a group of people selling consumables “by the catty”.
To be honest, this problem can’t be avoided. In 2025, the photovoltaic industry was extremely difficult – almost all enterprises in the component segment suffered losses. Nine leading companies collectively predicted losses of 41.5 – 47 billion RMB, and the entire industry’s losses exceeded 60 billion RMB. The gross profit margin of the component segment was only 0.67%. The shadow of over – capacity loomed over every enterprise, and they were trapped in the dilemma of “producing means losing money”.
However, space photovoltaic has changed everything.
On the ground, photovoltaic energy is sold as “electricity” – a few cents per kilowatt – hour, and the competition is about scale and cost, about who can lower the price the most. But in space, photovoltaic energy is no longer sold as electricity, but as “weight”.

Why? Because sending anything into space orbit incurs extremely high launch costs.
Even though SpaceX has reduced the cost to a historical low, and the Starship that Musk has high hopes for, even if it achieves full reusability, the target cost is still around $600 per kilogram, and the long – term vision is to reduce it to below $200.
What does this mean? It means that in space, every gram of weight reduction is equivalent to saving real money.
Therefore, the core indicator of space photovoltaic is no longer “how much per watt” but “how many watts can be generated per kilogram” – that is, the “specific power” (W/kg) in the industry. The one whose cells are lighter, more efficient, and can withstand the bombardment of high – energy cosmic rays and the extreme temperature difference of ±150°C in space will be the king of space energy.
And this is exactly the trump card of China’s latest – generation photovoltaic technology.
HJT heterojunction is naturally thinner and lighter than traditional cells. Coupled with its excellent radiation – resistance performance, it is simply born for space. And per
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Commerce sets preliminary dumping margins for imports from Indonesia and Laos also
April 24, 2026
Follow Mercom India on WhatsApp for exclusive updates on clean energy news and insights
The U.S. Department of Commerce has announced preliminary affirmative determinations in antidumping duty investigations into crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, whether or not assembled into modules or solar cells, from India, Indonesia, and Laos.
For India, the Commerce Department assigned an estimated weighted-average dumping margin of 123.04% to Mundra Solar PV, Mundra Solar Energy, Kowa Company, and Premier Energies.
The adjusted cash deposit rate for these companies is 107.77%. Commerce said the company-specific rate was based on facts available with adverse inferences.

Commerce said final determinations for India and Indonesia are scheduled for around July 13, 2026, while the determination for Laos is scheduled for around September 9, 2026.
According to Commerce, U.S. imports of covered products from India increased from 232.42 million W in 2022 to 2.3 billion W in 2024. The value of these imports rose from $83.87 million to $792.65 million during the same period.
The agency is also conducting concurrent countervailing duty investigations, and the U.S. International Trade Commission is conducting related injury investigations.
The preliminary duties were announced following an investigation after trade petitions were filed by the Alliance for American Solar Manufacturing and Trade, whose members are Hanwha Q CELLS USA (Dalton, GA), First Solar (Tempe, AZ), and Mission Solar Energy (San Antonio, TX) last July.
For Indonesia, Commerce assigned an estimated weighted-average dumping margin of 35.17% to PT Blue Sky Solar Indonesia, PT REC Solar Energy Indonesia, and all other exporters and producers.
For Laos, Commerce assigned a 22.46% estimated weighted-average dumping margin and a 22.06% cash deposit rate for SolarSpace Technology-related producer-exporter combinations, SolarSpace Technology (Hong Kong), Trina Solar-linked exporter combinations, and the Laos-wide entity.
Imports from Indonesia increased from 499.11 million W in 2022 to 1.8 billion W in 2024, while their value rose from $177.53 million to $415.2 million. Imports from Laos increased from zero in 2022 to 1.91 billion W in 2024, valued at $335.74 million.
In February this year, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced its preliminary determination of countervailing duties of up to 125.87% on crystalline silicon solar cells, whether or not assembled into modules, imported from India.
Rakesh Ranjan
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In a significant move impacting India’s renewable energy exports, the United States has announced steep preliminary anti-dumping duties on solar cells and panels imported from India, along with Indonesia and Laos.
The US Commerce Department stated that Indian solar exports could face duties as high as 123.04%, far higher than Indonesia (35.17%) and Laos (22.46%). The decision comes after US authorities concluded that companies from these countries were selling solar products at unfairly low prices in the American market.
India, Indonesia and Laos together accounted for nearly $4.5 billion worth of solar imports into the US last year, making up a major share of the country’s solar supply chain. The latest action is expected to hit exporters from these nations, especially as the US remains a fast-growing market for solar energy.
The Alliance for American Solar Manufacturing and Trade, which filed the petition, includes Tempe, Arizona-based First Solar, Qcells, the solar division of Korea’s Hanwha, and private companies Talon PV and Mission Solar. They argued that cheap imports were harming domestic production.
“The preliminary determinations confirm that producers in these countries are dumping solar cells and modules into the US market at unfairly low prices, undercutting American-made products and distorting market competition at a pivotal moment for the domestic manufacturing sector,” the Alliance said in a statement.
In addition to anti-dumping duties, the US had earlier proposed countervailing duties in February, citing government subsidies. These included rates of 125.87% for India, 104.38% for Indonesia, and 80.67% for Laos.
For India, the development signals fresh challenges in expanding its clean energy exports, even as it scales up domestic manufacturing under initiatives aimed at boosting self-reliance in the renewable sector.
In response to steep tariffs imposed by the US President Donald Trump administration in February, Climate Risk Horizons reported that India’s solar module exports to the United States (US) have dropped roughly 35 per cent due to disrupted trade flows.
The US is expected to take a final call on these duties by mid-July for India and Indonesia, with a separate decision on Laos likely later in September.
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Author: PPD Team Date: April 24, 2026
Kosol Energie Pvt. Ltd. has completed a 142 MWp ground-mounted solar project for Coal India Limited (CIL) at Bhadramali village in Deesa taluka of Banaskantha district, Gujarat. 
The project was taken over by Kosol Energie as a partially executed scope following a stalled and re-tendered phase. It involved challenges such as legacy execution gaps, unresolved land acquisition issues, and right-of-way constraints for transmission infrastructure. Drawing on over 15 years of experience in utility-scale solar execution, the company completed installation and commissioning (I&C) within nine months while maintaining defined quality and timeline parameters.
The installation uses 610 Wp monocrystalline Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact (TOPCon) bifacial modules with 144 solar cells. These modules are designed to improve energy output through higher efficiency and bifacial gain. Kosol Energie’s N-TOPCon modules incorporate POE–POE encapsulation, aimed at reducing dust and moisture ingress and limiting degradation. The design is resistant to potential-induced degradation (PID), light-induced degradation (LID), light and elevated temperature-induced degradation (LeTID), and moisture-induced degradation (MID), with performance designed for over 30 years.
Commenting on the project, Mr. Kalpesh Kalthia, CMD of Kosol Energie, said the company advanced a complex, partially completed project by leveraging execution capability and technical expertise, while delivering outcomes aligned with client expectations and sustainability goals.
The 142 MWp capacity addition is expected to contribute to India’s renewable energy targets and reduce reliance on conventional power sources. The project is estimated to reduce approximately 4.77 million tonnes of CO₂ over 25 years.
Photo credit: Kosol Energie
Author: PPD Team Date: November 3, 2025 NLC India Limited (NLCIL) has announced the commissioning of the second phase of its 300 MW solar power project at Barsingsar in Bikaner, Rajasthan, and the transfer of seven renewable assets to its subsidiary as part of a structural reorganisation. The second phase, with a capacity of 106 MW, received its commissioning certificate from Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited on November 2, 2025. The first phase of 52.83…
Read More NLCIL commissions 106 MW solar unit, transfers 1.4 GW assets to subsidiary
Author: PPD Team Date: January 21, 2026 Inox Green Energy Services Limited said on 20 January 2026 that it has entered into an agreement with KEC International Ltd. to provide operations and maintenance (O&M) services for a 625 MWp solar power project in Bhadla, Rajasthan. The contract was awarded through a Letter of Acceptance (LoA). With this order, Inox Green’s managed solar O&M portfolio has crossed 3 GW. The company said its total renewable energy…
Read More Inox Green wins solar O&M contract for 625 MWp Bhadla project
Author: PPD Team Date: January 30, 2025 Bridge and Roof Company (India) Limited secured an engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) contract worth Rs 3.51 billion for the development of a 100 MW solar photovoltaic (PV) project at Nawa in Didwana Kuchaman district, Rajasthan, on January 21, 2025.  The project was originally bid by SJVN Green Energy Limited (SGEL), a wholly-owned subsidiary of SJVN Limited, which invited EPC bids in April 2024. The 100 MW solar…
Read More Bridge and Roof wins contract for 100 MW solar project in Rajasthan
Author: PPD Team Date: July 28, 2025 Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd (PGCIL) has announced the commissioning of the “Inter-regional ER-WR Interconnection” project through its wholly owned subsidiary, POWERGRID ERWR Power Transmission Limited.  The project was awarded under Tariff Based Competitive Bidding and was declared commercially operational on June 10, 2025, according to a disclosure by the company on July 24. The interconnection is part of the Inter-State Transmission System and aims to enhance…
Read More POWERGRID commissions ER-WR interconnection project
Author: PPD Team Date: December 1, 2025 Oriano Clean Energy Private Limited has signed a power purchase agreement with Gujarat Urja Vikas Nigam Limited for a 57 MW solar project awarded under the GUVNL 500 MW Solar Phase XXVII tender. The company stated that the project will be commissioned within 24 months. Oriano noted that the execution timeline offers a clear delivery window and supports its focus on building utility scale projects on schedule. The…
Read More Oriano signs PPA with GUVNL for 57 MW solar project
Author: PPD Team Date: September 9, 2025 Engie India has signed a power purchase agreement with NTPC Limited for the supply of 300 MW of solar power.  The project was awarded through a competitive bidding process conducted by REC Power Development and Consultancy for 1,250 MW of inter-state transmission system-connected solar projects under Tranche I. Engie secured the capacity at a tariff of Rs 2.55 per kWh. Separately, NTPC has signed a memorandum of agreement…
Read More NTPC signs 300 MW solar PPA with Engie and service pact with EIL
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China’s Solar Installations Decline In Q1 2026 After Record-Breaking Growth Year  SolarQuarter
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Solar Cell Mandate Triggers Supply Concerns, Govt Reviews Petitions  BW Businessworld
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GoodWe-backed solar firm opens Bangkok office as distributed photovoltaic demand surges across the region
BANGKOK, April 24, 2026 /PRNewswire/ — Yude Solar officially opened its Thailand operations today at a ceremony in Bangkok, marking the company’s formal entry into Southeast Asia and the beginning of what executives describe as a broader global expansion strategy.
Backed by GoodWe Group, a global solar technology conglomerate, Yude Solar positions the Thailand launch not as a simple overseas branch, but as the foundation of a full photovoltaic service ecosystem.
The company plans to partner with local engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) firms and financial institutions to make rooftop solar accessible to households and businesses across the country.
"Clean energy should not be a luxury — it should be accessible to everyone," Bryan Bao, CEO of Yude Solar, stated at the launch event, Yude Solar’s philosophy has guided its operations since founding. In China, Yude Solar has served nearly 100,000 residential and commercial customers, building a track record it now intends to replicate in Southeast Asia.
~100,000
Top 5
1st
customers served in China
target ranking in SE Asia
overseas market: Thailand
Bryan Bao’s stated goal is to become one of the five leading distributed photovoltaic providers in Southeast Asia. Distributed solar — where electricity is generated on-site at homes and commercial buildings rather than at centralized power plants — is seen as a critical tool for the region as it grapples with energy security pressures and the need for greater economic resilience.
Thailand serves as the company’s regional beachhead. From Bangkok, Yude Solar plans to introduce its mature technology platform, implementation experience, and partner ecosystem to local markets — enabling buildings to generate and consume their own clean electricity.
The launch comes at a moment of strong momentum for solar across Southeast Asia. Traditional energy infrastructure across the region faces growing strain, and governments are increasingly prioritizing affordable, decentralized alternatives. Distributed solar is widely viewed as one of the most practical near-term solutions.
Bryan Bao said it will continue to expand its presence in Thailand and across the broader Southeast Asian region, working with local partners to build what it calls "a clean energy ecosystem for the new era of green development."
GoodWe, established in 2010, is a world-leading PV inverter and energy storage systems manufacturer listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (stock code: 688390). The company has more than 6,000 employees across 15 countries and a team of over 1,000 engineers working at its R&D centres to continuously optimize and advance energy storage technology. GoodWe’s storage inverters were ranked among the top three globally by Wood Mackenzie in 2022. The company was also recently recognized as a leading power inverter manufacturer by BloombergNEF Tier 1 (Q1 2026).
Yude Solar Technologies, a subsidiary of GoodWe, was established in May 2021 and is a top five rooftop solar developer in China. The company has more than 450 employees and operates in over 20 provinces across the country. It has been recognized as one of China’s most influential brands in household solar systems for three consecutive years (2022–2025) and has received the CQC Household Photovoltaic System 2A certification. With a vision to become the preferred value creator in the zero-carbon era, the company began as a residential solar provider and has since developed and commissioned over 3 GW of residential and Commercial & Industrial projects. For more information about Yude Solar Technologies, please visit us at www.yudesolar.com 

Bryan Bao (the right side) , CEO of Yude Solar
 

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The Swedish thin-film solar specialist produces 50 MW of modules at its Bari facility, using its proprietary DUO system for cell manufacturing. The company says it sources all materials from the EU and other countries in the global North.
Midsummer’s Bari factory
Image: Midsummer
Behind every solar module is a production story shaped by engineering choices, investment strategies, and market demand. In a new pv magazine series spotlighting PV manufacturing facilities worldwide, we examine how these factors come together on the factory floor. Here, we focus on Midsummer’s facility in Bari, Italy.
Midsummer, a thin-film solar specialist headquartered in Sweden, began considering an Italian operation as far back as 2021. The company appointed Jarno Montella to lead the project and acquired a 3,880 m² building, which became operational as a factory in 2024. Total investment in the facility amounted to €50 million ($59 million), including a €16.5 million grant from Italy’s national investment agency.
“Our Italian factory has a production capacity of up to 50 MW of copper, indium, gallium and selenide (CIGS) solar cells and modules per year,” Midsummer’s Head of Communications Peter Karaszi told pv magazine. “The factory is fully vertically integrated across the entire value chain – from raw materials to finished products – without relying on imports from China or Russia. All materials are sourced within the EU and other Western countries, making it the only large-scale EU facility with such independence.”
The factory produces two products: the Midsummer SLIM and Midsummer BOLD modules, both 2 mm thick. The SLIM module is designed for standing-seam metal roofs and is available in widths of 0.36 m or 0.52 m, with lengths ranging from 0.86 m to 5.9 m. The BOLD module is intended for low-load-bearing structures, including bitumen, PVC, TPO, and metal roofs. It comes in widths of 1 m or 1.3 m and lengths from 1.7 m to 6 m. Depending on the model, power output ranges between 114.5 W/m² and 127 W/m².
“From our Italian facility, we supply solar panels to countries across the EU and the US, where shipments must meet specific electrical testing requirements, supported by specialized equipment installed in our factory,” Karaszi said. “We also serve South American markets, particularly Colombia, where our mother company in Sweden is partnering with Saab to build a new factory. Until that facility becomes operational, we will continue providing the Colombian market with modules produced in Italy.”
The Bari plant is organized into two production lines: one for solar cells and the other for modules. The solar cell line is based on ten of the company’s DUO machines and proprietary sputtering tools developed by Midsummer. DUO, manufactured in Sweden, is a turnkey system with an annual CIGS production capacity of 5 MW. Metal substrates measuring 156mm × 156 mm are fed into the system and pass through 25 process chambers in a continuous vacuum chain. The process achieves a production rate of one solar cell every 20 seconds, enabling output of millions of cells annually.
The module line interconnects and laminates the cells produced by the DUO machines to form thin, lightweight, flexible solar modules. “Overall, the layout supports a streamlined production flow from cell deposition to final module assembly, enabling high-volume, flexible solar manufacturing,” concluded Karaszi.
In addition to the Bari facility, Midsummer operates a smaller 5 MW annual production line at its Stockholm headquarters. The company is also building a 200 MW factory in Flen, southeastern Sweden. Commissioning is expected to begin later this year, with full operation scheduled for 2028. “Our research and development (R&D) team focuses on further improving solar cell performance and developing new materials for modules in various colors,” added Karaszi.
Previous articles in pv magazine‘s new series on solar manufacturing facilities around the world covered United Solar’s polysilicon factory in Oman and Belga Solar’s module production facility in Belgium.
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The second panel discussion at the Solar Trailblazers in Pune brought together industry leaders to unpack one central question: is India’s rapid shift towards storage-backed renewables sustainable, or heading towards another cycle of over-optimism?
Featuring
Aditya Malpani – Sr Director AMPIN Energy Transition
 
Ravi Kaushal – GM, TrueRe Oriana Power
 
Rohan Upasani – DIrector, Carbmann Sustainability LLP
India’s renewable tender landscape has undergone a sharp shift over the past year. According to Kartikeya N Sharma, most recent tenders have moved away from standalone solar to solar-plus-storage or hybrid formats.
This transition was triggered by weak discom interest in pure solar procurement, pushing agencies like Solar Energy Corporation of India to prioritise round-the-clock (RTC) and storage-linked bids. However, rising tariffs—ranging between INR 4 to INR 8 per unit—have created regulatory hesitation, slowing power purchase agreement (PPA) signings.
The result is a disconnect between developers, investors, and regulators, each operating with different expectations on pricing and viability.
A key concern raised during the session was whether the surge in battery energy storage system (BESS) tenders will translate into actual projects.
Sharma noted that many standalone storage projects—especially those bid at aggressively low tariffs—may not materialise. He estimated that only a fraction of such projects could reach execution stage, particularly those below commercially viable thresholds.
Aditya Malpani echoed this caution, pointing to global parallels where aggressive bidding cycles led to project failures. While battery costs have declined significantly—from around USD 220/kWh to nearly USD 100/kWh—the assumption of continued rapid price drops may not hold.
Despite this, the panel agreed that storage is no longer optional. Demand is shifting structurally towards hybrid solutions, especially in the commercial and industrial (C&I) segment.
One of the most striking insights from the discussion was the shift in project economics. A typical 1 MW renewable project that earlier required INR 4–5 crore now demands nearly three times the investment when bundled with wind and storage.
This is driven by the need for higher capacity utilisation factors (CUF), moving from around 25–30 percent to nearly 70–75 percent in RTC configurations.
As a result, developers are rethinking portfolio strategies. Solar remains dominant, but wind and storage are increasingly becoming integral components rather than add-ons.
Interestingly, wind energy emerged as a critical piece of the future renewable mix. While historically overshadowed by solar, wind is now regaining importance due to its ability to generate power during non-solar hours.
Malpani highlighted that India’s peak demand patterns make wind a natural complement to solar. With over 120 GW of solar already installed, midday generation is often surplus, shifting value to evening and nighttime supply—where wind plays a key role.
However, execution challenges remain significant, including land access, transmission constraints, and logistical complexities.
Policy inconsistency emerged as a major concern, particularly in Maharashtra. Changes in banking norms—from 17 hours to 8 hours—have created uncertainty for existing projects, especially those structured under earlier assumptions.
Malpani stressed that retrospective policy changes risk undermining investor confidence. He suggested a middle-ground approach, including reasonable banking charges, rather than abrupt regulatory shifts.
The role of Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (MSEDCL) was also discussed, with acknowledgment that utilities face their own financial pressures, especially when balancing low-cost solar procurement with high-cost peak supply obligations.
The panel also addressed the widely discussed issue of solar curtailment. While headline figures suggest curtailment rates of up to 20 percent, Sharma clarified that the actual annual impact on projects is closer to 1–2 percent.
Curtailment is largely linked to transmission bottlenecks and temporary grid constraints rather than systemic oversupply.
Here, storage offers a clear solution. Developers are increasingly deploying BESS to store excess generation and release it during peak demand, reducing reliance on transmission upgrades that can take years to build.
This is also expected to create a new business segment—battery leasing and storage-as-a-service—mirroring trends in global markets.
Maharashtra’s evolving policy framework is positioning it as a critical market for storage-backed solutions. With BESS becoming mandatory in certain cases, developers are seeing both opportunities and challenges.
Rohan Upasani noted that while storage increases capital costs, it also enhances system stability, reduces voltage fluctuations, and improves return on investment through peak shaving.
Demand is expected to grow across multiple segments, including C&I, hospitality, and even residential users seeking energy independence.
The discussion also highlighted emerging risks around battery quality and financing. With a wide range of manufacturers entering the market, concerns over performance, safety, and lifecycle reliability are growing.
Panelists emphasised the need for regulatory frameworks similar to solar’s ALMM to ensure quality standards in battery procurement.
Financing remains another hurdle. The addition of storage can double project costs, making access to capital more challenging, particularly for smaller developers.
The overarching takeaway from Panel 2 was clear: India’s renewable energy journey is entering a more complex phase.
Standalone solar is no longer sufficient. The future lies in integrated solutions—solar, wind, and storage—designed to deliver reliable, dispatchable power.
While challenges around tariffs, policy stability, and financing persist, the direction of the market is unlikely to reverse. Storage is not just an add-on anymore; it is becoming the backbone of India’s next phase of energy transition.
We are India’s leading B2B media house, reporting full-time on solar energy, wind, battery storage, solar inverters, and electric vehicle (EV)
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Scientific Reports , Article number:  (2026) Cite this article
We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors present which affect the content, and all legal disclaimers apply.
In photovoltaic systems, PSC occur when PV panels are exposed to nonuniform solar irradiance levels. Extracting the maximum power from PV systems operating under PSC represents a complex and challenging task for MPPT algorithms. Optimization-based MPPT techniques have therefore gained significant attention due to their ability to achieve fast convergence and high efficiency under such conditions. In this study, a novel M-DHO algorithm is proposed by integrating the DHO algorithm, which is inspired by the cooperative hunting behavior of the Asiatic wild dog, with a Levy flight strategy to enhance global search capability. Especially with Levy flight support, the M-DHO algorithm eliminates the problems of fast convergence and getting stuck in a local minimum. Furthermore, while the fast convergence problem is eliminated, the Levy Flight algorithm allows reaching the global maximum value faster with high accuracy in complex optimization problems. Nine distinct PSC scenarios are created across six different voltage regions, and the performance of the proposed M-DHO algorithm is comparatively assessed against GWO, WOA, FPA, and the conventional DHO algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed M-DHO algorithm achieves faster convergence to the global maximum power point and higher tracking efficiency compared to the benchmark algorithms. When averaged over all scenarios, M-DHO achieved an average extracted power of 838.58W, tracking speed of 0.15s and an average tracking efficiency of 99.52%, outperforming other algorithms.
Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Dhole-Inspired Optimization
Flower Pollination Algorithm
Global Maximum Power Point
Grey Wolf Optimization
Incremental Conductance
Local Maximum Power Point
Modified Dhole-Inspired Optimization
Maximum Power Point Tracking
Partial Shading Condition
Particle Swarm Optimization
Photovoltaic
Whale Optimization Algorithm
Faculty of Technology, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Firat University, Elazig, 23200, Turkey
Resat Celikel & Omur Aydogmus
Bourns College of Engineering, Center for Environmental Research and Technology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
Musa Yilmaz
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Batman University, Batman, 72100, Turkey
Musa Yilmaz
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Correspondence to Musa Yilmaz.
The authors declare no competing interests.
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See Fig. 6.
Module irradiance patterns for the nine partial shading scenarios.
See Fig. 7.
PV system voltages under partial shading scenarios.
See Fig. 8.
Power waveforms under partial shading scenarios PSC1–PSC9.
See Fig. 9.
Duty cycles under partial shading scenarios PSC1–PSC9.
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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Celikel, R., Aydogmus, O. & Yilmaz, M. Modified Dhole-inspired optimization for maximum power extraction in photovoltaic systems under partial shading. Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-47686-1
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Received: 10 February 2026
Accepted: 02 April 2026
Published: 24 April 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-47686-1
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SJVN Green Energy Invites EOI For Sale Of 712.90 MWp Solar PV Modules Across Gujarat And Maharashtra  SolarQuarter
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Zenith Energy Announces Acquisition Of Photovoltaic Development Project In Puglia  TradingView
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Researchers from Michigan State University and Oak Ridge National Laboratory have reviewed claims regarding PFAS in solar panels, as detailed in a perspective article published in Perspective and reported by pv magazine. The study found no confirmed evidence of PFAS leaching from commercially deployed solar modules, although fluoropolymers may be used in limited components such as backsheets or coatings.
The research highlights widespread confusion between different types of PFAS and calls for clearer communication and transparency around fluoropolymer use in photovoltaic technologies. Fluoropolymers, a distinct subset of PFAS, are described as large, insoluble, and generally biologically inert, with toxicological profiles that differ markedly from more hazardous PFAS compounds. The authors note that legacy processing chemicals such as PFOA and PFOS, used in the manufacture of some fluoropolymers, have been largely phased out or restricted under regulatory and voluntary initiatives in the United States and globally.
According to the researchers, PFAS or fluoropolymers may theoretically be present in a few specific solar panel parts: front glass coatings (though no evidence of commercial use exists), backsheets for weather protection, and wires and cables as insulation. Encapsulants and sealants typically do not contain PFAS. The scientists emphasized that fluoropolymers are often not appropriately differentiated from more hazardous PFAS, which may lead to misleading conclusions about the environmental sustainability of PV technologies.
As part of the study, the team conducted a survey of 48 professionals at a conference, including module manufacturers, PV researchers, academic scientists, and operations and maintenance personnel. Of the respondents, 59% believed PFAS use in solar PV is likely to occur. When asked about potential component-level presence, 54% selected the backsheet and 39% chose solar glass coatings.
The researchers concluded that addressing public concerns requires demanding transparency from the PV industry and supporting the use of PFAS-free alternatives. They noted promising developments, including manufacturers obtaining PFAS-free certifications, policymakers incentivizing PV projects on contaminated lands, and researchers providing fact-based outreach on the topic.
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The New York State Office of Renewable Energy Siting and Electric Transmission (ORES) has granted final siting permits to the AES Corporation’s 125MW Sugar Maple solar-plus-storage project, planned in the towns of Croghan and Wilna in northern New York state.
Announced yesterday by the state’s Department of Public Service (DPS), the project will include a 20MW co-located battery energy storage system (BESS), although AES did not specify any of the technical details of either the project’s solar or storage component. The company noted that it would be connected to existing grid infrastructure at a new point of interconnection via 115kV lines.
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DPS says that the project’s design was changed in order to “reduce impact” following local consultation. These changes include a minimising of above ground power line construction to “preserve the aesthetic value of the area”, and “agricultural co-utilisation” has been proposed for a 622-acre area of the project, creating an opportunity to use agrivoltaics (agriPV) at the facility. This potential agriPV component could account for just under half of the project’s total 1,500-acre footprint.
ORES also awarded permits to two wind projects that will replace and expand upon existing wind projects that have reached the ends of their operational lives. These new projects will add 218MW of new wind capacity to the state
“These approvals reflect New York’s continued progress towards a cleaner, more reliable, and more affordable electric grid,” said Public Service Commission chair and department CEO Rory Christian. “ORES has demonstrated once again that a rigorous, transparent review process and timely permitting decisions can go hand in hand, delivering lasting benefits for communities and ratepayers across the state.”
With permits granted for these three projects, ORES has now granted permission for 35 utility-scale solar and wind projects in the state, with a combined capacity of over 5.1GW. This is an important milestone for a state that has historically targeted deployments in the distributed renewable energy sector; this week, the state’s senate passed the Accelerate Solar for Affordable Power (ASAP) Act, which aims to have 20GW of distributed energy capacity in operation in the state by 2035.
Last year, the state also launched its ninth request for proposals for new renewable energy projects, and projects developed through this programme are expected to deliver more than US$5 billion in clean energy investment, according to the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA).
New York was one of the states named by Vote Solar executive director Sachu Constantine in an interview with PV Tech Premium earlier this year that have actively sought to incentivise renewable energy deployments, at a time where the Trump administration has withdrawn or scaled back much of the federal-level support for these projects.

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US-based energy forecasting company Amperon has launched a new AI-based short-term probabilistic forecasting tool for solar and wind generation assets.
The company said its Asset Solar and Wind Short-Term Forecasts would enable renewable energy operators, independent power producers, utilities and others to make better market and operational decisions by offering a new way to quantify generation uncertainty.
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As power markets grow more volatile with increased solar and wind penetration, energy companies face greater pressure to forecast generation accurately and plan for a wider range of possible outcomes. 
Amperon said the new tool addresses this by providing short-term forecasts of solar and wind generation, offering energy companies a clearer picture of potential output fluctuations. The forecasts provide hourly and sub-hourly visibility up to 15 days ahead, with 19 percentile bands from P5 through P95 delivered via API.
Unlike traditional deterministic forecasts, which provide a single predicted value, probabilistic forecasting delivers a range of possible outcomes along with their likelihood. This approach enables operators to quantify uncertainty and make more informed decisions in real-time.
“By moving beyond a single-point forecast, the product helps renewable energy operators and IPPs better manage market exposure, while also giving gentailers and utilities a stronger basis for net load planning, supply stack decisions, and renewable portfolio optimisation,” Amperon said in a statement marking the launch.
For example, an independent power producer bidding into the day-ahead market can use probabilistic forecasting to see when weather uncertainty materially increases the risk of underperformance during a key interval, then adjust its bid accordingly to reduce imbalance exposure and protect margins.
Amperon’s platform leverages advanced machine learning algorithms and real-time data inputs, including weather conditions, historical generation patterns, and grid dynamics. By incorporating probabilistic models, the company aims to improve the accuracy of renewable energy forecasts, which are often subject to variability due to changing weather conditions and other external factors.
“Our focus at Amperon is simple: keep pushing forecasting forward so customers have the insight they need to make smarter decisions,” said Sean Kelly, CEO of Amperon. “We recently expanded our weather-informed, probabilistic Grid Mid-Term Forecast into Europe after launching it in the US, and now we are bringing that same commitment to innovation to probabilistic Asset Short-Term Forecasts—giving customers a clearer view of uncertainty and more confidence in how they plan, bid and operate.”

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Technical Momentum and Price Action
On 24 Apr 2026, Emmvee Photovoltaic Power Ltd closed at ₹274.20, up from the previous close of ₹264.80, marking a daily increase of 3.55%. The stock touched a high of ₹287.95 during the day, which also represents its 52-week high, while the 52-week low stands at ₹171.50. This price action reflects a robust upward momentum, especially when compared to the broader market benchmark, the Sensex, which declined by 0.42% over the past week.
The shift from a sideways to a mildly bullish technical trend is underpinned by several indicators. Weekly Bollinger Bands have turned bullish, suggesting that volatility is increasing alongside upward price movement. The Dow Theory on a weekly basis also confirms a bullish trend, indicating that the stock is likely to continue its upward trajectory in the near term. Additionally, the weekly OBV is bullish, signalling that volume is supporting the price rise, a positive sign for sustained momentum.
MACD and RSI Signals
While the Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) and Relative Strength Index (RSI) indicators do not currently emit strong signals on either weekly or monthly charts, their neutral stance does not detract from the overall mildly bullish outlook. The absence of negative divergence in MACD suggests that the upward momentum is not yet overextended. Similarly, the RSI on weekly and monthly timeframes remains in a neutral zone, indicating that the stock is neither overbought nor oversold, leaving room for further gains without immediate risk of a sharp correction.
Moving Averages and KST Indicator
Daily moving averages have not provided a definitive signal, but the broader trend is supported by the weekly and monthly KST (Know Sure Thing) indicator, which remains neutral. This suggests that while short-term momentum is building, longer-term trend confirmation is still pending. Investors should monitor these moving averages closely for potential crossovers that could signal stronger bullish or bearish moves.
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Mojo Score and Grade Analysis
Emmvee Photovoltaic Power Ltd currently holds a Mojo Score of 40.0, which corresponds to a Sell grade, downgraded from Hold on 20 Apr 2026. This downgrade reflects a cautious stance by MarketsMOJO analysts, likely influenced by the company’s small-cap status and the mixed signals from technical indicators. The downgrade suggests that while price momentum is improving, underlying fundamentals or risk factors may warrant a conservative approach.
Despite the downgrade, the stock’s recent price performance has been impressive relative to the Sensex. Over the past week, Emmvee returned 5.83%, compared to the Sensex’s decline of 0.42%. Over one month, the stock surged 25.49%, vastly outperforming the Sensex’s 6.83% gain. Year-to-date returns stand at 42.59%, while the Sensex has fallen 8.87% in the same period. This outperformance highlights the stock’s potential as a growth candidate within the Other Electrical Equipment sector, albeit with elevated risk.
Long-Term Performance Context
While one-year, three-year, five-year, and ten-year returns for Emmvee are not available, the Sensex’s long-term returns provide a benchmark for comparison. The Sensex has delivered 30.19% returns over three years, 62.21% over five years, and an impressive 200.58% over ten years. Emmvee’s recent strong short-term gains may position it to catch up with or exceed these benchmarks if the current momentum sustains and the company’s fundamentals improve.
Investor Considerations and Risk Factors
Investors should weigh the mildly bullish technical signals against the Mojo Sell grade and the company’s small-cap classification, which typically entails higher volatility and liquidity risk. The neutral MACD and RSI readings suggest that while the stock is not overbought, it has yet to confirm a strong, sustained uptrend. Monitoring daily moving averages and volume trends will be critical in assessing whether the current momentum can translate into longer-term gains.
Sector and Industry Positioning
Operating within the Other Electrical Equipment sector, Emmvee Photovoltaic Power Ltd is positioned in a niche segment with growth potential driven by increasing demand for renewable energy solutions. The company’s recent price momentum may reflect investor optimism about the photovoltaic power industry’s prospects, especially as global energy transition efforts accelerate. However, sector-specific risks such as regulatory changes and supply chain disruptions remain pertinent.
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Summary and Outlook
Emmvee Photovoltaic Power Ltd’s recent technical parameter changes indicate a shift towards a mildly bullish momentum, supported by positive weekly Bollinger Bands, Dow Theory, and OBV signals. The stock’s strong short-term returns relative to the Sensex underscore its potential as a growth candidate within the Other Electrical Equipment sector. However, the downgrade to a Mojo Sell grade and neutral MACD and RSI readings counsel caution.
Investors should closely monitor daily moving averages and volume trends for confirmation of a sustained uptrend. Given the company’s small-cap status and sector-specific risks, a balanced approach combining technical analysis with fundamental assessment is advisable. Should the stock maintain its current momentum and improve its fundamentals, it could present an attractive opportunity for risk-tolerant investors seeking exposure to the renewable energy segment.
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Solar is already cheap, widespread, and getting better every year. But it’s starting to hit a very ordinary constraint: space.
Roofs fill up.
Open land gets contested.
In dense regions, “just build more solar farms” gets politically and practically harder over time.
So one of the most valuable improvements in solar isn’t exotic at all. It’s almost boring:
Keep the same footprint—get more electricity per square meter.
That’s exactly what perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells are designed to do. And the latest performance numbers suggest this is no longer just a lab curiosity.

The core idea: stack two solar cells and harvest more sunlight
Most solar panels today use crystalline silicon. Silicon is the workhorse for good reasons: it’s reliable, durable, and backed by decades of manufacturing know-how.
But silicon is also a single-junction material, which means there’s a ceiling to how much sunlight it can convert into electricity. A lot of incoming energy ends up lost as heat.
A tandem cell changes the game by stacking two light-absorbing layers that specialize in different parts of the spectrum:
Top layer (perovskite): tuned to absorb higher-energy photons
Bottom layer (silicon): captures lower-energy photons that pass through
Instead of forcing one material to do everything, tandems split the job—so less energy gets wasted.
The U.S. Department of Energy describes perovskites as a family of materials with strong performance potential and a possible manufacturing pathway that could be lower-energy and lower-cost than some conventional approaches—if lifetime and stability continue improving. [1]
Plain-English takeaway: tandem solar aims to be a drop-in upgrade to the “panel on a roof” story—same space, more output.
Why the timing feels different now: efficiency records are arriving fast
When people talk about solar “efficiency,” they often mix two very different worlds:
1) Small research cells (great for proving physics)
These are tiny devices optimized to show what’s possible under ideal conditions.
2) Full-size modules/panels (where deployment lives)
This is where manufacturing scale, reliability, and real-world performance start to bite.
Both matter—but they signal different stages of maturity.
Research cells: tandems are now in “eye-popping” territory
Perovskite–silicon tandems have pushed into performance levels that would have sounded unrealistic not long ago. For example, LONGi reported a 34.85% certified efficiency for a two-terminal crystalline-silicon/perovskite tandem research cell, certified by NREL. [2]
NREL’s Best Research-Cell Efficiencies chart (rev. 2025-12-11, per your draft) places hybrid tandem (2-terminal) devices around the ~35% level, with perovskite/Si listed within that category. [3]
Modules: the “real product” side is moving too
On the module side, Oxford PV and Fraunhofer ISE announced a full-sized tandem PV module at 25% efficiency (record at the time of release, per your draft). [4]
And teams are explicitly pushing scalable fabrication approaches, not just fragile one-off demos. Fraunhofer ISE reported a 31.6% tandem cell with certification by its accredited calibration lab (CalLab), positioning it as a step toward manufacturable next-gen devices rather than boutique prototypes. [5]
Why this matters for readers: the story is shifting from “cool lab breakthrough” to “can we manufacture and warrant this at scale?”
Why higher efficiency is an underrated climate lever
Efficiency doesn’t sound as glamorous as a brand-new energy source. But it quietly changes the economics and politics of decarbonization—especially where space is tight.
Higher-efficiency panels can mean:
In other words, tandem solar isn’t just “a better panel.” It’s a lever that can make electrification easier in places that are already space-constrained.
The hard part: tandems must survive the real world
If perovskite–silicon tandems are so compelling, why aren’t we already drowning in them?
Because silicon’s killer feature isn’t efficiency—it’s durability at scale.
Solar panels sit outside for decades. They deal with:
Perovskites have historically struggled with stability, and tandem designs add extra interfaces and packaging challenges. That’s why some of the most meaningful progress right now is less about “one more percent efficiency” and more about:
preventing degradation pathways
improving encapsulation and barrier layers
handling heat and humidity
building factory processes that run reliably, not delicately
There’s also the practical question of performance under real conditions (changing spectrum, diffuse light, temperature swings). An NREL-hosted open-access paper on monolithic perovskite/silicon tandems highlights how operating conditions can shift optimal designs and how effects like luminescent coupling can influence energy yield, not just headline efficiency under lab test conditions. [6]
Translation: the metric that matters most isn’t always a single record number—it’s “how much energy does it produce in the messy outdoors, year after year?”
What success looks like (and what to watch for)
If perovskite–silicon tandem solar delivers, you’d expect a few visible signs over the next several years:
1) Early commercial rollouts in premium, space-tight segments
Think industrial rooftops, dense urban installs, constrained sites, or projects prioritizing maximum yield per footprint.
2) Bankability milestones
This is where many promising technologies stall: third-party validation of lifetime, degradation rates, and warranties that financiers will accept.
3) Manufacturing integration
The fastest path is often “upgrade what already exists,” not “replace everything.” Watch for tandems that piggyback on existing silicon lines and supply chains.
4) Clear answers on materials and recycling
Large-scale adoption will require credible end-of-life handling, responsible sourcing, and straightforward recycling pathways.
The punchline
Perovskite–silicon tandem solar doesn’t ask the world to rebuild the energy system from scratch. It offers something rarer: a plausible upgrade to one of the world’s most successful clean-energy technologies—an upgrade that directly attacks the “we’ve run out of space” problem.
If you care about near-term decarbonization, that combination—big payoff, low behavioral change, compatibility with existing infrastructure—is exactly what “promise” looks like.
FAQ
Are perovskite–silicon tandem solar panels available today?
Some early commercialization efforts exist, but widespread availability depends on bankability, long-term stability data, and manufacturing scale.
How much more efficient are tandem solar cells than silicon?
Research tandems have demonstrated substantially higher efficiencies than typical silicon limits (including certified results in the mid-30% range for research cells), while module records are progressing but must also prove durability at scale. [2][3][4]
What’s the biggest challenge for perovskite tandems?
Long-term stability: moisture, heat, UV exposure, and interface degradation—plus packaging that survives decades outdoors.
Do higher-efficiency panels always save money?
Not automatically. They can reduce balance-of-system costs per delivered watt, but only if module pricing, reliability, and warranty terms pencil out.
References
1) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). “Best Research-Cell Efficiencies (Rev. 12-11-2025).” PDF. Accessed 2026-02-27.

https://www.nrel.gov/media/docs/libraries/pv/cell-pv-eff.pdf?sfvrsn=26e2254e_16
2) LONGi. “34.85%! LONGi Breaks World Record for Crystalline Silicon-Perovskite Tandem Solar Cell Efficiency.” Press release, 2025-04-15. Accessed 2026-02-27.
https://www.longi.com/en/news/silicon-perovskite-tandem-solar-cells-new-world-efficiency/
3) Oxford PV. “Oxford PV sets new solar panel efficiency world record.” Press release, 2024-01-31. Accessed 2026-02-27.
https://www.oxfordpv.com/press-releases/oxford-pv-solar-energy-innovation
4) Fraunhofer ISE. “Oxford PV and Fraunhofer ISE Develop Full-sized Tandem PV Module with Record Efficiency of 25 Percent.” Press release, 2024-01-31. Accessed 2026-02-27.
https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/press-media/press-releases/2024/oxford-pv-and-fraunhofer-ise-develop-full-sized-tandem-pv-module-with-record-efficiency-of-25-percent.html
5) Fraunhofer ISE. “Scalable Perovskite Silicon Solar Cell with 31.6 Percent Efficiency Developed.” News/Press item, 2024-09-25. Accessed 2026-02-27.
https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/en/press-media/news/2024/scalable-perovskite-silicon-solar-cell-with-31-point-6-percent-efficiency-developed.html
6) Nguyen, K., & co-authors. “Optimizing Energy Yield of Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells in Real-World Conditions: The Impact of Luminescent Coupling.” (Open-access manuscript hosted by NREL / OSTI, 2025). Accessed 2026-02-27.
https://docs.nrel.gov/docs/fy25osti/95368.pdf
7) U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Solar Energy Technologies Office. “Perovskite Solar Cells.” Web page. Accessed 2026-02-27.
https://www.energy.gov/eere/solar/perovskite-solar-cells
Futoshi Tachino is an environmental writer who believes in the power of small, positive actions to protect the planet. He writes about the beauty of nature and offers practical tips for everyday sustainability.

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by Futoshi Tachino What Changed Heating is undergoing a subtle revolution. In 2022, global sales of electric heat pumps jumped by 11% – the second year in a row of double-digit growth amid high fuel prices and new incentives [1]. Europe led the charge with nearly 3 million heat pumps sold in 2022 (an almost 40% increase from the prior year) [1]. For the first time, Americans also bought more heat pumps than gas furnaces: U.S. heat pump purchases topped 4 million units in 2022, narrowly eclipsing the sales of gas-fired furnaces that year [2]. This milestone was reached even before many new U.S. incentives kicked in, marking a quiet shift in how homes are heated across the country [2].

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Futoshi Tachino

21 days ago in

Earth
Agricultural waste is often seen as a problem—piles of straw, husks, and other residues that farmers struggle to dispose of. Yet, these same materials hold immense potential as a source of renewable energy and sustainable economic growth. One of the most promising solutions is biomass pyrolysis, a process that converts agricultural waste into bio-oil, biochar, and syngas through thermal decomposition in the absence of oxygen. Establishing a biomass pyrolysis plant in rural areas offers not only energy production but also contributes significantly to carbon neutrality and the development of a local bioeconomy.
By beston6 days ago in Earth
Plastics are everywhere. They wrap our food, house our electronics, and build our cars. They are versatile, durable, and cheap. But these same qualities have become a curse. By the end of 2015, over 6,300 million metric tons of plastic waste had been generated, and most of it ended up in landfills or the natural environment . Unlike biomass, plastic does not degrade easily. It persists for centuries, fragmenting into micro- and nano-particles that threaten ecosystems and human health .
By Mark Lim2 days ago in Earth
IT’S NOT A DEAD POETS SOCIETY -at least not as far as I’m concerned- I listen to the poetry of others And although it is most profound,
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DAEGU, South Korea, April 23, 2026 /PRNewswire/ — Amid growing demand in Korea for efficient, reliable, and advanced cell technologies, Tongwei Solar appeared at Green Energy Expo 2026. On April 23, the company held an on-site presentation on advanced cell technologies, highlighting its TNC series high-efficiency cells and the latest progress of the TNC 3.0 multi-cut cell in product performance, technology advancement, and value delivery.

Tongwei Solar Highlights Advanced Cell Technologies and TNC Product Value at Green Energy Expo 2026 in Korea
Responding to the Korean market’s focus on high-efficiency generation, stable mass production, and application value, Tongwei Solar delivered an "Advanced Cell Technology Overview" presentation at the exhibition venue, sharing the technology pathway, product capabilities, and application potential of its TNC series high-efficiency cells.
As a key focus of the exchange, Tongwei Solar introduced the product evolution of its TNC 3.0 multi-cut cell. Integrating TPE, multi-cut, and Poly Tech technologies, and moving relevant optimization steps forward to the cell side, the product further reduces loss and enhances performance to support downstream value delivery. Through this coordinated approach, the TNC 3.0 multi-cut cell delivers module power gain of 10W+, bifaciality boost of 5%, and conversion efficiency of over 26.3%, creating greater value for high-efficiency modules.
Tongwei Solar, a core subsidiary of Tongwei Co., Ltd., focuses on the R&D and manufacturing of high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells. The company has over 150GW of cell production capacity, more than 400GW in cumulative shipments, and has ranked No. 1 globally in cell shipments for nine consecutive years, according to InfoLink Consulting. Backed by the Tongwei Global Innovation R&D Center, Tongwei continues to advance solar cell technology and drive PV innovation.
In September 2025, Tongwei Solar’s Meishan company was recognized as the world’s first Lighthouse Factory in the photovoltaic cell industry. Supported by lighthouse-level intelligent manufacturing, cell-level traceability, and full-process quality control, Tongwei Solar continues to strengthen product stability and reliability while providing rapid response, technical exchange, and application support to overseas customers.
With strengths in products, R&D, manufacturing, and quality, Tongwei Solar is bringing the Korean and global markets a more efficient, reliable, and long-term solar choice.
For more information, please visit:
https://en.tongwei.cn/
 

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The Global Solar Council (GSC) has announced a new management and strategy board to influence its work, drawing on industry representatives and executives from across the global solar industry.
Most of the board are from national or regional solar industry representative groups. Notable corporate appointees include Fiona Hiu, head of corporate affairs at Chinese inverter and BESS producer Sungrow, Dinesh Dhamija, chairman of Romanian PV firm Ruserio Solar, Hassen Bali, co-founder of Ion Ventures, and Philipp Matter, president of Europe & Americas at GCL System Integration Technology.
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Responding to the announcement, CEO of the GSC, Sonia Dunlop, said: “A warm welcome to all our new and returning Board Directors – an absolute pleasure to have you on board at the helm of the global solar and storage industry. You are the captains of industry. Look forward to working with you to solve the industry’s challenges and build a bigger, better, stronger GSC!”
The GSC is a global representative body for the PV industry. It appointed Dunlop to its executive position in November 2023, with a brief to strengthen global policy and deployments for solar energy. In July 2024, she told PV Tech that she wanted the GSC, and wider solar industry, to become “as powerful as the oil and gas industry” in shaping policy and political direction.
The full list of GSC board appointees is below:

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US imposes antidumping tariffs on solar panels, Indonesia hit with 35%  IDNFinancials.com
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The University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney is addressing the challenge of managing end-of-life solar panels, via opening up an Australian-first research hub dedicated to recycling. 
UNSW Deputy Vice-Chancellor Research and Enterprise professor Bronwyn Fox says photovoltaic (PV) waste in Australia is forecast to reach 100,000 tonnes per year by 2030. 
“As we accelerate toward a net zero future, we must ensure the technologies enabling that transition are themselves sustainable,” Fox says. 
Funded by a $5 million grant from the Australian Research Council’s (ARC) Industrial Transformation Research Program, the hub will tackle pressing challenges through research and deep collaboration with industry. 
Hub Director professor Yansong Shen says there is an urgent need for a strong solar panel recycling industry, as many of Australia’s 3.5 million solar installations would reach end-of-life in the next decade. 
“End-of-life solar panels contain many valuable materials like glass, silicon, silver, and copper,” Shen says. 
“Our goal is to move these panels away from landfill and towards recycling in a circular economy where materials are recovered and reused.”
Initiatives already underway at the hub include finding better ways to recover valuable materials from old solar panels, developing improved technologies to separate and sort panel components more efficiently, and redesigning panels so they are easier to be recycled. 
The hub will also advance policy by creating a network of researchers who will improve the entire value chain of solar panel production.
Fox adds that the hub brings together Australian engineers, scientists, policy makers, and industry to transform end-of-life solar panels from an emerging waste challenge into a valuable resource. 
As previously reported, the World Economic Forum reports that there are several ways to increase recycling rates, including from solar panels. Solar panel recycling can recover up to 99% of material from decommissioned panels, preventing hazardous landfill waste and supporting a circular economy. 
Solar panels are considered important due to providing renewable and clean energy that reduces electricity bills and carbon footprint. 
According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), solar PV’s power capacity is poised to surpass that of coal by 2027. Solar PV generation increased by a record 320 terawatts per hour in 2023, reaching more than 1,600 terawatts per hour. 
The IEA says it demonstrated the largest absolute generation growth of all renewable technologies in 2023. 
Write to Aaliyah Rogan at Mining.com.au   
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UK-based consultancy Ricardo, part of the WSP Group, explains how solar PV has compounded at 17% annually since 2016, defining the EU’s clean-energy trajectory. However, straightforward merchant returns are disappearing, and battery storage and grid expertise are now essential.
Image: Ihzuniga/Pixabay
IRENA’s Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026, published on 2 April, records EU-27 installed renewable capacity at 779 GW as of end 2025, double the 387 GW a decade ago. The fleet has compounded at 8% per year.
Solar PV has been the driving force. From 91 GW in 2016 to 367 GW by end 2025, the EU’s solar fleet has grown at a 17% compound annual rate, adding an average of 57 GW per year over the past three years. In 2025, solar accounted for 80% of all new EU-27 renewable capacity additions: 56 GW out of 70 GW total. Wind contributed 12 GW. Solar PV now makes up 47% of the entire EU renewable fleet.
The top four markets (Germany, Spain, France, and Italy) account for 60% of the installed base. But the build-out is broadening. Poland’s 3.7 GW of solar in 2025 marks a significant shift for a coal-dependent economy. Bulgaria added 1.4 GW, expanding its entire prior fleet by 17% in a single year.

Solar delivers where wind and hydro falter
In 2025, EU renewable output grew by just 21 TWh despite capacity expanding 10%. Wind generation fell 11 TWh as fleet-wide capacity factors dropped from 24.6% in 2024 to 22.8% in 2025. Hydro lost 43 TWh from below-average rainfall across Southern and Central Europe. Solar was the sole technology that delivered more electricity year-on-year: 69 TWh more, a 24.6% increase, nearly offsetting the combined 54 TWh decline from wind and hydro. (Data based on Eurostat)
At scale, solar is the most predictable large renewable technology on the grid. EU-wide solar capacity factors have held within a tight band of 11.4% to 12.0% for three consecutive years. Wind is far more variable: at 244 GW of installed capacity, a single percentage-point swing in EU wind capacity factors moves generation by 21 TWh.
Batteries, grid, and the merchant revenue problem
Midday price cannibalization is structural. In Spain, Germany, and increasingly Italy and Greece, wholesale day-ahead prices regularly fall to zero or below during peak solar hours in summer months. Each of these key markets recorded over 500 hours of negative prices in 2025. The result is that straightforward merchant returns from solar are disappearing. Corporate offtakers holding virtual PPAs are experiencing the same revenue erosion, as capture prices fall in step with market saturation.
The assumption that grid expansion alone can solve solar oversupply does not hold under scrutiny. Figure 1 shows Germany’s cross-border electricity flows on Sunday 5 April 2026, a day when renewables exceeded domestic demand. German net exports ran at 8 to 9 GW overnight but collapsed to near zero during the midday solar peak. Poland and Czech Republic, which had been absorbing German surplus through the night, reversed direction and began pushing power back into Germany.

The cables were not congested. Transmission capacity was available. The problem was that every neighboring market was also in surplus at the same time. When solar peaks simultaneously across central Europe, there is no price gradient to move power against. Interconnection enables cross-border trade, and Europe needs more of it for balancing variability and maintaining security of supply. But additional cables cannot solve a situation where every connected market is oversupplied during the same hours.
The challenge has shifted from building renewable capacity to integrating what is already being built. This means managing the merchant, storage, and grid risks that accompany deep solar penetration, and making informed investment decisions in a market where the fundamentals have changed. Every EU member state has its own grid code, storage licensing regime, and ancillary services market design, navigating these differences, understanding where storage is profitable, where grid bottlenecks are binding, and where regulatory frameworks are evolving, is where substantive value now lies.
Quantifying the risks: how can Ricardo`s Electricity Market Outlook help?
Revenue modelling without credible curtailment and cannibalization projections is not fit for purpose. These are not tail risks to be footnoted in a sensitivity analysis. They are primary determinants of project returns.
Ricardo’s Electricity Market Outlook is based on the proprietary PRIMES-IEM model, which runs all European markets simultaneously to deliver hourly prices out to 2050. Cross-border flows are derived by replicating the EUPHEMIA algorithm used by ENTSO-E. Built on a framework behind 20 years of European Commission policy analysis, the Electricity Market Outlook provides capture rate, negative price, and BESS profitability projections at country and asset level across EU markets.
For investors, developers, and offtakers navigating a market where both battery economics and grid constraints shape project viability, the Electricity Market Outlook supports curtailment analysis, storage investment cases, and regulatory engagement with the quantitative foundation that bankability assessments require.
Author: Safa Sen, Market Engagement Lead For CWE at Ricardo, Member of WSP.
Ricardo is a member of professional service firm WSP Group, uniting engineering, advisory and science-based expertise to shape communities to advance humanity. ​ ​From local beginnings to a globe-spanning presence today, it operates in over 50 countries and provides solutions and delivers innovative projects across sectors: Transport & Infrastructure, Property & Buildings, Earth & Environment, Water, Power & Energy and Mining & Metals.
The views and opinions expressed in this article are the author’s own, and do not necessarily reflect those held by pv magazine.
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The Australian Energy Market Commission (AEMC) has released a draft rule to modernise distribution network planning in response to the rapid uptake of consumer energy resources (CERs).
The draft rule proposes introducing a new long-term planning framework and data reporting requirements to improve grid visibility and reduce consumer costs.
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Published on 23 April, the draft determination responds to a rule change request submitted by Energy Consumers Australia in January 2025. It proposes replacing the existing distribution annual planning report with a distribution network development plan, published every five years with a standardised 20-year planning horizon.
It would also establish a new framework for distribution network data reporting, with particular emphasis on improving visibility of the low-voltage network where most CERs connect.
AEMC chair Anna Collyer said the reform will give decision-makers across the energy system better information to act earlier.
“With detailed visibility of where solar, battery storage and electric vehicles (EVs) are emerging, distribution network service providers (DNSPs) and investors can plan ahead through targeted upgrades or non-network solutions,” Collyer said.
“That means fewer constraints, less curtailment of rooftop solar, and ultimately more efficient investment decisions that flow onto everyone’s power bills.”
The proposal comes as Australia’s distribution networks face mounting pressure from two-way energy flows. Rooftop solar capacity is forecast to reach 42.5GW by 2036, according to the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO), while battery storage and EV adoption continue to accelerate.
These technologies are creating both opportunities for consumers and operational challenges for networks that were designed primarily for one-way power flows.
Under the draft rule, distribution network service providers would be required to prepare a distribution network development plan in conjunction with their regulatory proposals, adopting inputs and scenarios consistent with AEMO’s Inputs, Assumptions and Scenarios Report where practicable.
The framework allows DNSPs flexibility to deviate from AEMO’s scenarios to account for local factors and lower demand diversity at the distribution level.
To maintain near-term transparency, DNSPs would also publish an annual update providing information on key changes to planning outcomes since the previous distribution network development plan.
These updates would include summaries of completed or progressing regulatory investment tests for distribution projects, addressing concerns raised by stakeholders that a five-year planning cycle could reduce the frequency of public reporting compared to the current annual process.
The draft rule establishes a principles-based framework for distribution network data reporting, requiring DNSPs to report data in accordance with guidelines prepared by the Australian Energy Regulator (AER).
The AER would be required to develop these guidelines by 1 March 2028, with DNSPs required to comply within six months.
The framework aims to address the current lack of consistent, granular data on the low-voltage network below zone substations, where congestion is becoming increasingly relevant as consumer energy resource volumes grow.
Improved data availability would help consumers and investors understand existing network constraints, such as the potential for rooftop solar exports to be curtailed, before making investment decisions.
Network costs make up close to half of a typical electricity bill, making efficient planning and investment decisions particularly important for consumers.
The commission is seeking stakeholder feedback on the draft determination and rule, with submissions due by 4 June 2026. A final determination is expected in mid-2026.

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The province of Chubut announced the construction of a Photovoltaic Solar Park in Paso de Indios, which will mark the end of diesel-based electricity generation in the locality.
The initiative, presented by Governor Ignacio “Nacho” Torres, involves a provincial investment of $8.4 billion and aims to significantly reduce fossil fuel consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and generation costs.
Torres highlighted that this project constitutes a historic advancement in strengthening the energy supply in the central plateau and will be the first step towards a profound transformation in the way energy is consumed in the province.
The Photovoltaic Park will be integrated into a hybrid Smart Microgrid, which will replace the current diesel generator sets. Its main components include:
The expected generation will reach 2.8 MWp, with real-time remote monitoring and combustion backup if needed.
The annual demand of Paso de Indios (3,438 MWh) will be covered through:
This will allow for a 20% reduction in fossil fuel dependence, increase the share of renewable energies, and improve the reliability of the electricity supply.
Governor Torres emphasized that this project will be a pilot case that can be replicated in other municipalities and in the private sector, especially in energy-intensive industries. The construction will begin in June 2026 and is expected to be completed by February 2027, with the construction of a building that will function as the control center of the Photovoltaic Park.
The Photovoltaic Solar Park of Paso de Indios represents a milestone in Chubut’s energy transition, by replacing an archaic and inefficient system with modern, sustainable, and long-term infrastructure. The initiative not only reduces costs and emissions but also strengthens energy security and paves the way for the province to become a national leader in renewable energies.
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EU imports €14.6 billion in green energy products  European Commission
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Independent power producer (IPP) Renalfa IPP has secured funding from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) for its Szihalom 450MW solar-plus-storage project in Hungary.
The EBRD’s investment will amount to €70 million (US$82 million) and is part of a €210 million financing package alongside commercial banks and marks the European financial institution’s first energy project financing in Hungary since 2010, said Anca Ionescu, EBRD’s regional head in Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic.
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Currently under construction, the Szihalom solar PV plant will be co-located with a 250MW/1GWh battery energy storage system (BESS) in north-eastern Hungary.
According to EBRD, the financing of the utility-scale solar-plus-storage project represents a first of its kind for a hybrid renewable asset in Central and Eastern Europe. The project in itself is amongst the largest renewable energy development projects in Hungary.
All the electricity generated by the solar PV plant will be directly sold in the Hungarian market without a support scheme or a corporate offtake agreement.
“When operational later this year, this large hybrid asset will allow us to offer green baseload products to Hungarian electricity market and a number of flexibility services to the grid,” said Ivo Prokopiev, CEO of Renalfa IPP.
Solar PV projects have been a significant contributor to reducing the contribution of coal to the Hungarian energy mix since 2019. According to thinktank Ember, solar contributed nearly one-quarter of the Hungarian energy mix in 2024.
Renalfa IPP is a joint venture (JV) between Austrian investment company Renalfa Solarpro Group and French infrastructure fund manager RGreen Invest.
Both companies recently partnered again to form another JV, called Renalfa Power Clusters, which will finance the construction of an €800 million pipeline of utility-scale hybrid assets co-located with BESS in Romania and Poland.
Renalfa IPP owns and develops solar PV, wind and BESS projects across Central and Eastern Europe, with over 765MW of operating solar PV and wind assets and more than 510MW under construction. Its BESS portfolio currently sits at 622MW/2,300MWh of operational and under construction capacity.

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China’s solar industry has launched its first TOPCon-focused patent pool, led by Trina Solar, JA Solar, and JinkoSolar, to streamline licensing, reduce disputes, and strengthen IP coordination at home and abroad.
Image: Trina Solar
China’s photovoltaic industry has formally launched its first patent pool, a move that could reshape how intellectual property is licensed and enforced across the country’s solar manufacturing value chain.
The platform was unveiled in Beijing on April 21 at an event held under the guidance of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) and the China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA), with organizational support from the China Photovoltaic Industry Association (CPIA) intellectual property committee and the National PV Manufacturing Industry IP Operation Center.
The patent pool was jointly initiated by Trina Solar, JA Solar, and JinkoSolar, and focuses on TOPCon solar cell and module patents in mainland China. According to disclosures at the launch event, the pool initially included 54 Chinese patents and patent applications. It is designed to operate on an open, market-based basis, combining cross-licensing among members with one-stop licensing for external implementers.
Organizers said the model aims to improve licensing efficiency, reduce litigation, and mitigate the “patent thicket” risk as TOPCon technology matures. Reports from the event indicated that all rights holders are eligible to join, while licensing rates will be set with reference to market practice, national licensing data, and comparable agreements. A separate expert guidance committee comprising 14 specialists has been established to oversee compliance, legal robustness, and antitrust considerations.
The new patent pool appears to represent an industry-level effort to shift competition away from pricing alone and toward technology value, licensing discipline, and coordinated overseas enforcement. A Chinese media report published on MIIT’s official website linked the initiative to broader efforts to curb “involution-style” competition and strengthen IP protection in strategic emerging industries. For exporters, the pool may also provide a more coordinated framework for addressing overseas patent challenges as Chinese PV companies expand in Europe and other key markets.
The launch follows a period of increasingly visible patent disputes within China’s solar sector, particularly around TOPCon. In September 2025, Longi and JinkoSolar announced a global settlement covering ongoing patent claims and disputes between the parties and their affiliates, ending litigation and establishing cross-licensing arrangements for certain core patents.
A similar case followed in November 2025, when JA Solar and Astronergy reached a global settlement covering ongoing patent disputes, agreed to terminate related legal proceedings, and entered into cross-licensing for their TOPCon portfolios.

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“It’s a great step in the right direction.”
Photo Credit: iStock
Clean energy is surpassing expectations, achieving what once seemed unattainable.
A recent global analysis by Ember found that, for the first time, renewable power generated more electricity than the world’s demand growth required in 2025, reported The Associated Press.
According to the report, clean power generation rose by 887 terawatt-hours last year, outpacing the global increase in electricity demand of 849 terawatt-hours.
That marks a shift from previous decades, when rising demand almost always meant greater reliance on coal, oil, and gas.
“We’re now moving into a world where that’s no longer the case,” said Nicolas Fulghum, Ember senior data analyst and lead author of the report, per AP.
A key driver of this transformation is solar energy.
In 2025, solar alone expanded by 30%, meeting nearly three-quarters of the increase in global electricity demand. Combined with wind, these two sources accounted for 99% of that growth.
Meanwhile, coal, oil, and gas production declined by about 0.2% in 2025. As a result, last year was one of the rare instances this century when the use of these fuels did not rise.
That shift is now visible in the broader energy mix. Renewables account for more than one-third of global electricity for the first time in modern history, while coal’s share has dropped below one-third.
Major economies are helping drive this momentum. China and India, long associated with heavy use of coal, oil, and gas, both saw declines in generation last year as they rapidly expanded solar and wind capacity. Together, they accounted for a significant share of global clean energy growth.
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They’re “now aggressively pursuing a strategy of diversification through bringing renewables into the mix. And those are the sources that are the biggest drivers of change in their power system today,” Fulghum added, per AP.
This transition is already delivering tangible benefits. More clean energy can help stabilize electricity prices and make power systems more resilient during extreme weather or global fuel disruptions.
“As we’re seeing the cost of oil be incredibly volatile right now because of the [Iran] war, I think more and more people are looking to that national security argument as a reason to think about how we electrify more and and how we’re able to take advantage of additional solar and wind, which does not rely on other countries,” said Alexis Abramson, dean of the Columbia University Climate School, per AP.
For households, the shift also opens the door to savings.
Platforms such as EnergySage offer free tools to compare quotes from local installers, with savings of up to $10,000. Meanwhile, Palmetto’s $0-down LightReach leasing program can help lower utility rates by up to 20%.
“We’ve really crossed this important threshold that clean energy now can meet rising demand economically and at the same time really help address national security concerns,” Abramson added. “The next challenge is really turning that into a steady decline of fossil fuel use as well. So it’s a great step in the right direction.”
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A group of Microsoft suppliers just helped push a small solar farm over the finish line in North Carolina – and it shows how corporate buyers can band together and boost projects that might otherwise stall.
Clean energy marketplace Ever.green says a 5-megawatt (MW) solar project called Baron is now online in Anson County, 45 miles southeast of Charlotte. Headwater Energy will develop, own, and operate the project.
Here’s what’s notable about Baron: Instead of one big corporate buyer stepping in, a group of Microsoft suppliers signed long-term contracts for renewable energy certificates (RECs) tied to the solar farm. That group includes Slalom Consulting, Centific Technologies, ImagiCorps, BDA, Eleven 11 Solutions, TASA Analytics, and Visionet Systems.
Those commitments helped the project reach financial close – a key hurdle that often trips up smaller solar developments.
Microsoft has been pushing its supply chain to clean up its energy use. Under its Supplier Code of Conduct, certain large-scale suppliers are expected to move to 100% carbon-free electricity (CFE) for the goods and services they provide to Microsoft by 2030.
That pressure is starting to show up in deals like this one.
Small and mid-sized solar projects often get stuck before construction because lenders want to see guaranteed revenue. Even if a project makes sense on paper, it can stall if buyers aren’t locked in.
In Baron’s case, the participating suppliers collectively committed to enough RECs to give lenders the confidence to move forward.
Ever.green is trying to make that model easier to replicate. Instead of buying RECs from existing projects on the spot market, its “high-impact” RECs are tied to new builds, so the purchase actually helps bring new clean energy online.

“Ever.green was designed specifically to make this kind of collective action possible. We’re one of the few organizations that empowers companies of all sizes to advance their carbon-free electricity goals by acquiring High-Impact RECs that have real impact at the community level,” said Liz Pearce, chief revenue officer at Ever.green.
The Baron solar farm is now generating electricity for the local grid that serves Pee Dee Electric, part of the regional cooperative system. While one project won’t set electricity rates, adding solar can help reduce exposure to volatile fuel prices over time.
The project is also expected to make a positive local impact. It’s located in a rural, low-income county and will generate property tax revenue that supports schools, emergency services, and other public services.
Built with domestically manufactured panels and local labor, Baron Solar is expected to avoid about 7,810 metric tons of CO2 emissions each year — roughly the same as taking around 1,820 cars off the road annually.
For the companies involved, it’s also about meeting their own climate targets. Slalom, for example, says it’s aiming for 100% renewable energy by 2030, and projects like this are part of that effort.
Deals like this are still relatively small in scale, but they point to a growing trend: companies banding together to finance clean energy projects that might not come to fruition on their own.
Read more: Qcells to supply Microsoft with a whopping 12 GW of solar panels
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US sets preliminary antidumping duties on solar imports from India, others  Business Standard
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Rain showers this evening with overcast skies overnight. Low around 35F. Winds NNE at 5 to 10 mph. Chance of rain 60%..
Rain showers this evening with overcast skies overnight. Low around 35F. Winds NNE at 5 to 10 mph. Chance of rain 60%.
Updated: April 23, 2026 @ 8:40 pm
The Sugar Maple Solar project in Jefferson and Lewis counties has been approved by the state. Watertown Daily Times

The map shown, included in the public involvement program plan, indicates the project area for the Sugar Maple Solar farm. Provided image

The Sugar Maple Solar project in Jefferson and Lewis counties has been approved by the state. Watertown Daily Times

The map shown, included in the public involvement program plan, indicates the project area for the Sugar Maple Solar farm. Provided image

ALBANY — The state Department of Public Service has given the final approval for developers to move forward with a 622-acre solar farm in the towns of Wilna and Croghan, expected to be one of the larger solar facilities in the state once completed.
On Wednesday, the DPS stamped its final approval on the permit for Sugar Maple Solar to move forward with its project, which once completed is expected to produce up to 125 megawatts of power, enough for more than 30,000 homes.
The approval doesn’t ensure that work will go forward; the developer still needs to hammer out agreements with the towns, including potential Payment in Lieu of Taxes (PILOT) agreements, before they can break ground.
According to the details of the permit, the project will include a 20-megawatt battery energy storage system capable of providing power to the grid for up to four hours once charged.
According to the permit, the developers requested that the state allow them to ignore certain aspects of Croghan and Wilna’s zoning laws; the DPS permit broadly blocks the developers from ignoring most of the town’s zoning rules, although it did rule that the project doesn’t have to follow the town of Croghan’s solar facility overlay zone rules, its state road setback rules, its forest clearing restrictions and a handful of other town-level regulations, as well as the town of Wilna’s decommissioning bonds requirement and decommissioning plan requirements.
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It was Earth Day yesterday, and organizations across the region are taking advantage of the holiday to flip the switch on power-producing solar arrays this week. Ozarks at Large’s Jack Travis attended a ribbon-cutting ceremony for the University of Arkansas’ project and brings us this report.
The University of Arkansas flipped the switch on its system-wide solar energy project yesterday. The first of four solar arrays deploying across the state came online, and this one benefits the Fayetteville campus. Although the group of panels on Wedington Drive is the smallest of the four, they still have a huge impact on one part of the university.
“This facility here is offsetting 100% of the electricity consumed at the Cato Springs Research Center.”
Eric Boles is the director of sustainability for the university. He oversees off-site energy production and says he spends a lot of time convening stakeholders, talking about how to reduce their environmental footprint through the electricity that facilities consume.
“That was kind of our role within this project. The UA Fayetteville campus had the first solar projects within the U of A system, and that planted the seed that grew into a system-wide project, which is hugely beneficial to all the campuses within the University of Arkansas system and for the state of Arkansas.”
The seed was planted in 2019 and resulted in a new solar services agreement in 2022. In that agreement, the Board of Trustees pledged to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 8.8% and pursue a solar array to cover roughly 6.3% of the Fayetteville campus’s energy requirement. Senior advisor and project manager for utility operations, Scott Turley, says that growing the agreement to cover the statewide university system allowed for easier approval.
“We were successful in getting one project approved by the board, and that was when they started thinking, should we look at this as a system-wide project as opposed to a campus by campus?”
Now, the solar project has grown to over 20 planned facilities stationed across Arkansas. Yesterday, the first came online in Fayetteville, but later this year, three more will activate around Paris, Nashville and Murfreesboro. The first phase will generate about 993,000 kilowatt-hours of energy a year. That’s enough to power 125 homes, possibly saving the university over $100 million over the next 25 years.
This initiative will put the U of A on the map for sustainable energy, as it’s the fourth largest university solar deployment in the U.S. Only Stanford, the University of California System and Penn State have larger installations. However, officials at yesterday’s ribbon-cutting ceremony say that ours is more complicated.
The power plant works under old net metering laws. These laws allow the university to exchange electricity on the grid, so the Cato Springs Research Center is currently benefiting from the solar panels, even though they’re across town. These net metering laws in Arkansas changed a couple of years ago, but Boles says it would be difficult to use the new system without them.
“We’re 15, 20 minutes away by car. Kind of how it works is through the net metering laws in the state of Arkansas, we are grandfathered in under the previous net metering laws, which allow us to — for every unit of electricity we put into the grid here, we get one unit of electricity out of the grid at our Cato Springs Research Center. A lot of times these projects make sense to do as a net metering system because you’re able to really deploy solar at scale. This whole project is hundreds of acres. It’s more land than we have on the campus. And in addition, sometimes it makes sense to build the facilities where the land is available. You have a lower cost to deploy the facility and you have a demand for electricity at that location.”
Turley, amidst the panels and the audible whine of solar power generation, says the new solar project is great for the university’s many priorities and stakeholders. For starters, it’s just good business sense.
“It saves the university money and that frees up resources for our core mission. At the same time, we can have a dramatic impact on our sustainability goals and the reduction in our carbon emissions. It’s also a good marketing tool. Students want to be a part of a campus that is progressive and being environmentally responsible. So it’s really a win for the university all the way around.”
Ozarks at Large transcripts are created on a rush deadline and edited for length and clarity. Copy editors utilize AI tools to review work. KUAF does not publish content created by AI. Please reach out to kuafinfo@uark.edu to report an issue. The audio version is the authoritative record of KUAF programming.

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Financials of Soleos Energy Private Limited are updated for 2024
Financials of EAAA India Alternatives Limited are updated for 2026
Inox Clean Energy plans a $750M acquisition of Boviet Solar to enter the US market. Explore deal det…
A) THE DEAL IN BRIEF Key Highlights: Acquisition Target: Boviet Solar Deal Value: ~$750 million (₹7,000 crore) Strategic Intent: US market entry India's Noida-based renewable…
Key Highlights:
Acquisition Target: Boviet Solar
Deal Value: ~$750 million (₹7,000 crore)
Strategic Intent: US market entry
India’s Noida-based renewable energy company Inox Clean Energy is reportedly in advanced talks to acquire Boviet Solar, a San Jose, California-headquartered solar manufacturer, at an enterprise value of approximately $750 million (around ₹7,000 crore). The move signals Inox Clean’s bold ambitions to establish a meaningful footprint in the world’s largest economy — and it couldn’t have come at a more opportune moment.
Company Snapshot:
Founded: 2013 (Vietnam)
Focus: Solar cells & modules (PERC, N-Type)
Segments: Residential, C&I, Utility
Boviet Solar is a leading solar energy technology company founded in 2013 in Vietnam, specializing in manufacturing advanced monocrystalline PERC and N-Type solar cells, as well as Gamma Series™ monofacial and Vega Series™ bifacial solar modules for residential, commercial, industrial, and utility-scale applications.
US Manufacturing Presence:
Location: Greenville, North Carolina
Investment: $294 million
Capacity: 3 GW (Phase I)
Expansion: Additional 3 GW cell facility (Phase II)
Despite its Vietnamese origins, Boviet has been building a significant American manufacturing base. Its Phase I US PV module manufacturing facility officially opened in April 2025 in Greenville, North Carolina — a $294 million investment spanning over 521,000 square feet with an annual nameplate capacity of 3 GW of solar modules. A second phase — a 3 GW solar cell manufacturing facility — was being built adjacent to the same site.
Part of Boway Corporation, Boviet has maintained its position as a BloombergNEF Tier 1 solar module manufacturer since 2017, making it one of the more credible and bankable names in the global solar supply chain. In short, Boviet is not a startup — it is an operationally mature company with proven technology, a functioning US factory, and an established customer base.
Parent Entity: Ningbo Boway Alloy Material Co. (Shanghai-listed)
This is where geopolitics meets business reality. Boviet Solar’s parent company is Ningbo Boway Alloy Material Co., a Chinese non-ferrous alloy materials manufacturer listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, which acquired 100% stake in Boviet Solar in 2016.
Duties up to 307.78%
Vietnam exports impacted
The United States imposed anti-dumping and countervailing duties as high as 307.78% on PV products exported by Boway’s subsidiary in Vietnam, rendering its 3 GW cell project unsellable after trial production and making the relocation of the production line economically unviable.
Ownership threshold: <25% Chinese
Loss of IRA 45X credits
The new FEOC (Foreign Entity of Concern) stipulations in the United States require solar product companies to not exceed 25% Chinese ownership. Boviet Solar, while under Boway ownership, would not meet the FEOC threshold. This is critical because FEOC non-compliance means losing access to the Inflation Reduction Act’s generous manufacturing tax credits — the 45X credits that make US solar manufacturing financially viable.
Exit from renewable energy
Focus: New materials & semiconductors
Boway has announced its intention to exit the new energy industry entirely. The recovered funds will be used for working capital and debt repayment, and the company will refocus on its core new materials business — including semiconductors, smart terminal heat dissipation, and new energy vehicle materials.
Industry Trend:
Trina Solar → T1 Energy
JA Solar → Corning
Canadian Solar restructuring
Boway is not alone in this retreat. Chinese sector giant Trina Solar sold its PV module production facility to T1 Energy ahead of Trump’s inauguration in 2024, and JA Solar sold its US module facility to chemical giant Corning. In late 2025, Canadian Solar announced plans to restructure the ownership of its North American solar and storage operations. The message is clear: Chinese-owned solar manufacturing in America has become untenable under the current regulatory and tariff environment.
Strategic Benefits:
Immediate US presence
Policy advantage (IRA eligibility)
Brand + customer acquisition
Expansion platform
For Inox Clean Energy, this is a rare chance to leapfrog years of effort in one transaction.
Inox Clean Energy is a unique, integrated renewable energy platform combining solar manufacturing and power generation under the INOXGFL Group — a conglomerate with a legacy of over 90 years that spans fluoropolymers, wind and solar manufacturing, and renewable power generation across 16+ countries.
Acquiring Boviet gives Inox Clean:
An instant US manufacturing base: A fully operational 3 GW module factory in North Carolina that is already producing and selling — no ramp-up time needed.
FEOC-compliant ownership: As an Indian company, Inox Clean would not fall under the Foreign Entity of Concern classification, making Boviet’s North Carolina factory immediately eligible for 45X manufacturing tax credits under the IRA.
A proven brand and customer relationships: Boviet’s decade-long track record and Tier 1 status mean Inox inherits existing contracts, clients, and supplier relationships — not just a building.
A platform for expansion: Inox Clean was already in advanced stages to acquire a multi-gigawatt IPP portfolio and an integrated solar PV manufacturing plant outside of India, suggesting this deal fits squarely into a pre-planned global growth strategy.
Core Factors:
Time: 3–5 years saved
Risk: Lower execution risk
Policy: IRA window advantage
This is perhaps the most strategically interesting question. Why spend $750 million on an acquisition instead of building a factory from scratch?
The answer comes down to time, risk, and policy windows.
Building a greenfield solar manufacturing facility in the US takes 3–5 years from permitting to full production — assuming no regulatory delays, labour shortages, or supply chain hiccups. The IRA’s manufacturing incentives, while currently in place, are subject to political revision. Every year Inox waits to establish a US presence is a year of lost tax credits and lost market share.
Boviet, on the other hand, is shovel-ready and revenue-generating. Phase I has already created more than 300 skilled manufacturing, engineering, and operations jobs in eastern North Carolina — which also means Inox inherits a trained workforce, not just real estate. Community goodwill, local government relationships, and grid connections come bundled with the deal.
Additionally, the current distress among Chinese solar owners in the US has created a buyer’s market. Inox is essentially acquiring a $294 million facility — plus brand equity and customer relationships — for a price that, while steep, reflects real operating assets rather than speculative future value.
In a global renewable race where speed matters enormously, acquiring a running engine is simply smarter than assembling one from parts.
Macro Insight:
US pushing Chinese capital out
Opportunity for Indian players
This potential deal is a microcosm of a larger geopolitical shift reshaping the global solar industry. US policy is systematically pushing Chinese capital out of domestic clean energy manufacturing, creating openings for players from allied nations — including India. For Indian renewable companies with global ambitions, this is a window that may not stay open for long.
If the deal closes, Inox Clean Energy will emerge as one of the very few Indian companies with large-scale solar manufacturing operations on American soil — a distinction that could prove enormously valuable as the energy transition accelerates on both sides of the globe.
Disclaimer: This blog is for informational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice.
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Windows that generate energy: ​​What is photovoltaic glass?
Essentially, photovoltaic glass incorporates materials capable of transforming solar radiation into electricity within the glass itself. Unlike traditional solar panels, these solutions can be transparent or semi-transparent, allowing natural light to pass through while producing energy, as reported in Applied Energy 2025.
 
The principle is the same as that of any other photovoltaic technology: certain semiconductor materials absorb solar radiation and generate electric current. In this case, the difference lies in the selection of the light spectrum.
 
The most advanced solutions mainly capture non-visible radiation (such as ultraviolet or infrared) to maintain the transparency of the glass. Technologies such as organic cells, perovskite, and luminescent concentrators are behind these advances.
 
In this context, the evolution of new materials is key. In fact, innovations such as perovskite solar cells, capable of exceeding 27% efficiency in the laboratory and with potential for flexible or surface-integrated applications, are opening new pathways to developing solar energy beyond conventional panels.
 
Architectural integration: great potential in buildings
 
This technology shows the greatest potential in architectural integration. According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), glazed surfaces (windows, facades, or skylights) represent a significant part of building exteriors.
 
In commercial buildings, the high proportion of glazed surfaces represent a great opportunity to generate energy without the need to occupy additional space on roofs. In addition to generating electricity, these systems can also improve the energy performance of the building, contributing to interior thermal comfort and reducing the demand for air conditioning, thus optimizing efficiency.
 
For all these reasons, technology in this context, such as photovoltaic solutions that are integrated into buildings, is positioned as a key tool to reduce emissions and advance urban decarbonization.
 
What challenges does it present for future development?
 
Despite their potential, photovoltaic glass still faces important challenges that reflects the complexity of its industrial development, such as the rigorous certification processes and reliability tests it must go through.
 
Moreover, there is a key limitation: the balance between transparency and efficiency. While conventional solar panels usually exceed 20% efficiency, transparent photovoltaic solutions present somewhat lower yields due to the balance between transparency and energy generation. Therefore, it could be said that this balance between performance and transparency is one of the main technological challenges currently faced by this energy solution.
 
One more piece of sustainable urban planning
 
Despite these challenges, it is worth noting that progress is continuous and is part of a broader transformation of the energy model. In fact, according to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), renewable energy accounted for 92.5% of the new global installed electricity capacity in 2024.
 
In parallel, the development of solutions such as building-integrated photovoltaics responds to a growing trend towards more efficient, electrified, and decarbonized cities. In this regard, the European Commission establishes that new buildings must move towards nearly zero-energy building (NZEB) models, which implies, among other aspects, integrating renewable energy generation into the building itself, including its exterior elements, such as facades, roofs, or glazed surfaces.
 
This breakthrough joins other innovations that are pushing the boundaries of solar energy. For example, there is now research into developing solar panels that can generate electricity even in the absence of direct sunlight, such as at night. This paves the way for more continuous and flexible energy systems.
 
As with other solar innovations, the challenge is not only to capture more energy, but to better integrate it into the spaces where we live and work. Because the future of energy isn’t just about producing more, but about doing so in a smarter, more efficient way that is integrated into our surroundings.

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