The solar industry says nearly half a billion dollars of investments in solar projects across Hawaiʻi is in jeopardy after state lawmakers voted to phase out the renewable energy tax credit. The state RenewableEnergy Technologies Income Tax Credit helps to finance new residential and commercial solar systems. Senate Bill 3125 eliminates the RETITC in 2031, but changes to the incentive start before that. Moving forward, the state would cap spending on the credit at $40 million each year, which is less than half of what the state has spent on the credit in recent years. That cap goes into effect in 2027, meaning that projects that are already underway this year are suddenly in competition for a smaller pot of state funding. Rocky Mould, the executive director of the Hawaiʻi Solar Energy Association, said he’s been hearing from solar developers who are worried that they may have to cancel or refinance their current projects due to the uncertainty about the amount of state support those projects might receive. “We’re looking at $460 million of investment just this year that are at risk,” Mould said. Ted Peck is the president of the solar company Holu Hou Energy, which primarily develops systems for low and middle income residents living in multi-dwelling units. Peck said he has seven projects that would be affected by retroactive changes to the credit. “I literally, on Friday, had an investor in a project tell me he was out as the Legislature was signing off on this bill,” he said. This repeal of the state-level tax credit comes as the solar industry reels from the recent rollback of federal incentives for renewable energy projects. Congress eliminated a federal tax credit for residential solar at the start of this year. Rising Sun Solar CEO Matias Besasso said demand for household solar systems has since fallen off a cliff. “We were probably doing six to eight installations a week last year. We are doing about two installations a week this year,” he said. Besasso said revenue for his business has decreased by 65%. As a result, he’s had to lay off five members of his staff, some of whom have been with his company for a decade.“It’s all in an effort to keep the business that I have employing the people that I can employ given the new environment,” he said. Commercial solar installers have until July to break ground on new projects to ensure they qualify for remaining federal tax credits. If financing falls through for those projects at this point as a result of changes to the state tax credit, Mould said developers may miss that deadline. The Hawaiʻi Solar Energy Association wants lawmakers to convene a special legislative session to clarify the language in SB3125 and create safe harbor provisions for projects in development this year. A special session can either be called by the governor or by a two-thirds vote of lawmakers in the chambers seeking to reconvene. HPR reached out to the offices of the House speaker, the Senate president, and the chairs of each chamber’s finance committees to see if there was support for reconvening to address the solar industry’s concerns. As of Thursday morning, HPR had not received a response. State Rep. Nicole Lowen, who chairs the House Energy and Environmental Protection committee, raised concerns about how changes to the renewable energy tax credit may affect the solar industry during a floor vote for the bill last Friday. “This bill provides no safe harbor protections for projects already underway, and some projects that were financially viable just a few weeks ago now may have to shut down,” she said.Lowen told HPR she thinks that a special session is appropriate, and that time is of the essence to clarify financing for commercial projects trying to break ground by July. “It really is urgent that we do something as soon as possible,” she said. Gov. Josh Green could also veto SB 3125. Green passed an executive order in 2025 calling for 50,000 new rooftop solar systems by 2030. Last year, he vetoed another measure that would have sunset the renewable energy tax credit, noting its importance to the economy. But the governor is in a trickier position this year. The language about the credit is part of a much larger bill that preserves income tax cuts for Hawaiʻi households. He can’t veto one without vetoing the other. Gov. Josh Green recently praised the work of lawmakers on SB 3125 on Hawaiʻi News Now. HPR asked the governor’s office to comment on whether he would support a special session or would consider vetoing SB 3125. In response, the office stated that “the Governor remains committed to Hawaiʻi’s clean energy transition and lowering energy costs for local families,” but did not offer specifics on Green’s next move. Rocky Mould said the Hawaiʻi State Energy Office may push for a veto of the bill if a special session is not convened. “We’re reaching out to allies and legislators and the executive to try to figure something out and create a viable path forward,” he said. Josh Mason, the owner of the solar company Blue Sky Energy on Hawaiʻi Island, said that the renewable energy tax credit isn’t perfect. He believes it could be better designed to meet the needs of residents and local businesses while promoting the state’s clean energy goals. But Mason added that such abrupt changes to state support for solar amid ongoing rollbacks in federal incentives could “cripple” the industry. “The retroactive language and the $40 million cap are very problematic for an industry that’s already in turmoil, and it’s only going to create more panic, which is not going to be beneficial for anybody,” he said. Hawaiʻi Public Radio exists to serve all of Hawai’i, and it’s the people of Hawai’i who keep us independent and strong. Donate today. Mahalo for your support.
0 Powered by : Researchers from the University of Perugia, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, and ENEA investigated new applications for end-of-life photovoltaic waste. The study focused on recovering silicon from discarded PV panels and using it as a heterogeneous support material. Recovered silicon was combined with palladium nanoparticles to create catalytic systems for Mizoroki–Heck cross-coupling reactions. The catalyst delivered strong activity, low palladium leaching, and repeat-use performance comparable with established Pd catalysts. Researchers prepared 20 products, including methyl (E)-ferulate and intermediates linked to pharmaceutical synthesis. The work addressed projected PV waste growth, which could reach 8 million tons globally by 2030.
An official website of the United States government Here’s how you know Official websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Funding Opportunities In early 2024, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) held American Farms, Rural Benefits virtual listening sessions to better understand the impact of renewable energy development on farmers and rural communities. Based on feedback, USDA and DOE recommitted to working together and developed an approach to addressing the needs of farmers and community priorities while also enabling a greater diversity of energy options. The plan includes: Aligning federal funds with local support and local benefits Promoting agricultural benefits at utility-scale projects Sharing public information on land and farmer revenue Expanding research on agrivoltaics Additional programs Conservation Considerations for Solar Farms Guide Farmer’s Guide to Solar Energy Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment (InSPIRE) Summary of Listening Sessions Committed to Restoring America’s Energy Dominance. Follow Us
A decision on plans for a solar farm near a village in Leicestershire has been deferred. Downing Renewable Developments wants to create a complex covering 81 acres (200.2 hectares) on land east of Waltham Road, near Freeby. The applicant said the scheme could generate enough renewable energy to power 10,000 homes. The firm's planning application was discussed by Melton Borough Council's planning committee on Thursday, but councillors said they needed more information on the project before they could make a decision. The application is expected to come back before the committee at a later date. Tony Gannon, from Downing Renewable Developments, told councillors the proposal would help counter the "increasing threat" to energy security nationally and that there was a "clear and urgent" need for solar schemes. The Local Democracy Reporting Service (LDRS) reported two tenant farmers would lose land as a source of income if the solar farm was built. The applicant said it would make a £200,000 capital contribution to Freeby Parish Council to help manage construction disruption. Listen to BBC Radio Leicester on Sounds and follow BBC Leicester on Facebook, on X, or on Instagram. Send your story ideas to eastmidsnews@bbc.co.uk or via WhatsApp on 0808 100 2210. Copyright 2026 BBC. All rights reserved. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read about our approach to external linking.
Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript. Advertisement Scientific Reportsvolume 16, Article number: 14016 (2026) Cite this article 1091 Accesses Metrics details This work introduces a metaheuristic (MH) optimization method, which is inspired by the red-tailed hawks’ predatory behavior is Improved Red-tailed Hawk (IRTHA) Algorithm. The algorithm uses a dynamic adjustment method which uses the combined effect of nonlinear decay and chaotic mapping to enhance the convergence efficacy and accuracy of outcomes. This enhancement affects the search radius of the algorithm and creates diversity in the dive speed of hawks, hence adaptively balancing exploration and exploitation, enhancing diversity and convergence. IRTHA’s efficacy is examined for single, double, and triple diode models of various photovoltaic (PV) cells and modules, such as RTC France, PVM 752, STP 120/36, STM 40/36, and Photowatt-PWP201. A comparative analysis of IRTHA with other advanced MH optimization techniques indicates that IRTHA exhibits considerably lower RMSE values: 7.72986E-04 for SDM-RTC France, 7.41918E-04 for DDM-RTC France, 7.34782E-04 for TDM-RTC France, 1.59243E-04 for PVM 752, 1.44508E-02 for STP 120/36, 1.72192E-03 for STM 40/36, and 2.05285E-03 for the Photowatt-PWP201 module, respectively. The reliability of IRTHA is futher validated by statistical analyses, including non-parametric tests (Friedman and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests), convergence curve assessments, and graphical representations with boxplots, which collectively confirm its potential to deliver robust and computationally efficient optimization. From the outcomes, it is observed that the IRTHA demonstrates superior performance compared to other existing MH algorithms. The results obtained by IRTHA show exceptional performance in PV system modeling and parameter estimation in solar PV applications. In a world increasingly preoccupied with climate change, and requiring a sustainable energy option. Solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems have become a leading renewable energy option, offering a clean and sustainable alternative to traditional fossil fuel-based power generation1,2. The PV systems convert sunlight into electrical energy and are widely used in applications ranging from off-grid setups to large-scale solar farms3,4. The performance and efficiency of PV systems depend on the accurate modeling and characterization of the fundamental PV cells and modules5,6,7. As the complexity of PV systems is increasing, there is an increasing need for detailed and comprehensive models. It may lead to considerable variations in the performance as well as energy generation of a PV system, affected by environmental factors like sun intensity, temperature, and shade conditions8. The PV module is an important component of the PV power generation. The PV module is a crucial element in PV power generation. The design of effective models and the acquisition of precise model parameters are essential for assessing and monitoring the real performance of simulated PV modules and forecasting PV power output9. The accurate and reliable estimation of parameters from PV models is important to improve their efficiency as well as maximize power generation. Recently, widely adopted photovoltaic models include equivalent circuit models for single, double, and triple diode models (SDM, DDM, and TDM), which are used to determine the I-V characteristics of the PV cell. The I–V characteristics provide an in-depth depiction of the PV cell, illustrating the correlation among its output characteristics. Nevertheless, the equivalent circuit model accurately demonstrates the internal characteristics of the PV cell. The solar energy production system has been considerably affected by several external environmental conditions, including temperature and radiation intensity. Therefore, optimizing the use of solar energy for maximum efficiency and the effective implementation of photovoltaic models is essential10,11,12. To address the challenge of parameter estimation in photovoltaic models, different approaches have been developed, that are primarily classified into two categories: deterministic as well as MH optimization approaches. Deterministic approaches are highly sensitive to initial solutions and assume that models demonstrate properties of convexity as well as differentiability. But the MH approach, inspired by the biological principle of survival of the fittest, can effectively mitigate these limits with more flexibility, resulting in superior accuracy and durability13,14,15. Many MH algorithm optimization methods have been studied for extracting unknown parameters of the solar PV model such as modified Exponential Distribution Optimization Algorithm (mEDOA), Modified electric eel foraging optimization (MEEFO), Enhanced differential evolution (EDE), Equilibrium optimizer-single candidate optimizer (EO-SCO), Grey Wolf Election-Based Optimization algorithm (GWEBO), Multi-strategy gaining-sharing knowledge-based algorithm (MSGSK), Improved Artificial Protozoa Optimizer (iAPO), Adapted human evolutionary optimization (AHEO), Hippopotamus optimizer (HOA), Multi-strategy Nutcracker Optimization Algorithm (EMNOA), Opposition-based Learning White Shark Optimizer (IWSO), Dynamic oppositional learning strategy and Sorting Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (DSTLBO), Improved Walrus Optimizer (m WO), Frilled Lizard Optimization (FLO), Mean Differential Evolution with Newton-Raphson (MDE-NR), Differentiated Creative Search combined with Newton-Raphson (DCS-NR), Coati Improved Snow Ablation Optimization (CSAO), Chaotic Differential Variation Snake Optimization (CDVSO), Four Vector Intelligent Metaheuristic Differential Evolution (FVIM-DE), Leveraging the opposition-based Exponential Distribution Optimizer (OBEDO), Enhanced Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm (enAHA), Improved JAYA (Sjaya), Enhanced Prairie Dog Optimizer (En-PDO), Improved Simultaneous Heat Transfer Search (ISHTS), Modified version of Mountain Gazelle Optimization (MGPS), Multi-strategy-based Tree Seed Algorithm (MS-TSA), Modified RIME (MRIME), Robust Newton–Raphson method integrated improved Differential Evolution (RoNRIDE), Bio-dynamics Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (BDGOA), Walrus optimization algorithm (WaOA), Chaos-inspired Invasive Weed Optimization (CIIWO), Adaptive Sine Cosine Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (ASCA-PSO), Improved Marine Predators Algorithm and Equilibrium Optimizer (IMPAEO), Enhanced Snake algorithm (ISASO), Hybrid Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization and Slime Mould Algorithm (HCPSOSMA), Improved Crayfish Optimization Algorithm (ICOA), Modified Bare-Bone Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (MBB-ICA), Improved Kepler Optimization Algorithm (IKOA), Developed JAYA Algorithm (DIWJAYA), Hybrid Cuckoo Search-Gorilla Troop Optimization (CS-GTO), Tiki Taka Algorithm Mean Differential Evolution based on Weibull distribution (TTA-MDEW), Self-adaptive Enhanced Learning Differential Evolution (SaELDE), Weighted Velocity-Guided Grey Wolf Optimizer (WVGGWO), Artificial Hummingbird Technique (AHT), Enhanced Sine–Cosine Algorithm (ESCA), Nutcracker optimizer algorithm (NOA), Improved Snake Optimization Algorithm (ISOA), Growth Optimization (GO), Squirrel Search Algorithm (SSA), Chaos Game Optimization-Least Squares (CGO-LS), Fractional Henon Chaotic Harris Hawks Optimization (FCHHHO), Hybrid White Shark Optimize Artificial Rabbits Optimization (hWSO-ARO), Improved Moth Flame algorithm with Local escape operators (IMFOL), Northern Goshawk Optimization (NGO), and roved Archimedes Optimization Algorithm (IAOA) are given in Table 1. A detailed summary of the latest advancements in various MH algorithms for determining unknown parameters in solar PV cells/modules is presented in Table 1. The comparison has been conducted to highlight the methodological variation, modeling reliability, author names, journal title, publication year, objective functions, additional metrics, and validation approaches. In the literature, it is clearly demonstrates the applicability of several MH optimization methods in addressing the solar PV parameter estimation challenge. The no free lunch (NFL) theory claims that no optimization algorithm is globally superior for all engineering optimization scenarios16. It is essential to consider different MH techniques and frameworks for altering and enhancing solutions according to the challenge presented. However, there is potential to enhance the present frameworks rather than developing new ones. The NFL theorem motivated researchers to develop innovative MH optimization methods or enhance current ones, facilitating their application in solving real-world problems across several domains. The literature study indicates that the identification of solar PV parameters is a current research area. Moreover, recently developed MH algorithms must be evaluated for improved modelling related to error minimization, faster convergence, and enhanced statistical metrics. As a result, many MH algorithms have been studied in the literature to address the same problem and present an opportunity for the development of new methods that offer more accurate results. In this paper, a novel improved optimization approach for parameter extraction of PV models is applied, known as the Improved Red-Tailed Hawk Algorithm (IRTHA). The IRTHA is inspired by the predatory behavior and flight patterns of red-tailed hawks. In this study, the performance of IRTHA has been systematically compared against other established MH optimization techniques such as Horned Lizard Optimization Algorithm (HLOA)17, Pelican Optimization Algorithm (POA)18, Zebra Optimization Algorithm (ZOA)19, Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Grey Wolf Optimizer (PSOGWO)20, Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA)21, Pelican Optimization Algorithm (POA)18, Hippopotamus Optimization (HO)22, Osprey Optimization Algorithm (OOA)23, Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO)24, Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO)25, and Coati Optimization Algorithm (COA)26 to evaluate its efficacy. The outcomes demonstrate that the IRTHA algorithm competes effectively with other MH algorithms across key measures like as convergence speed, accuracy, and robustness. These key points of the algorithm’s capability as an effective tool for parameter estimation in PV cell/models and other complicated optimization challenges. Using its advanced features, IRTHA presents a crucial step toward improving optimization methods for modern energy problems. The key contributions of the paper are summarized as follows. An enhanced MH optimization algorithm namely the Improved Red-tailed Hawk Algorithm (IRTHA), has been applied for estimating solar PV parameters by combining the features of the RTH algorithm with the Nonlinear Decay, Chaotic Map strategy, and the Newton-Raphson (NR) Method. The IRTHA is applied for parameter estimation of solar PV models, including RTC France (SDM, DDM, and TDM), Photowatt-PWP201, PVM-752-GaAs, and STM6 40/36 PV, STP6 120/36 panels. The outcomes of the IRTHA algorithm have been compared with 10 advanced MH optimization techniques, including HLOA, ZOA, PSOGWO, WOA, POA, HO, OOA, HHO, GWO, and COA, as well as additional parameter estimations of solar PV techniques reported in the literature. Furthermore, the accuracy and reliability of the IRTHA in PV parameter extraction is validated by using other statistical metrics, including Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Square Error (MSE), Sum of Square Error (SSE), Individual Absolute Error (IAE), the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and the Friedman and Wilcoxon rank-sum test. The results demonstrate that the IRTHA algorithm exhibits the minimal difference between the observed and estimated values. This illustrates the efficacy of the IRTHA algorithm for the parameter estimation problem of Solar PV. This paper is structured into five subsections: Section “Mathematical modelling” presents the mathematical framework of solar PV systems, incorporating the Single, Double, and Triple Diode Model (SDM, DDM, and TDM), together with the corresponding objective function. Section “Improved red tailed hawk algorithm (IRTHA)” explains a detailed representation of the IRTHA algorithm, which includes a mathematical modeling, flowchart, and pseudocode of the algorithm. Section “Result and discussion” discusses the test results for parameter extraction of solar PV cells/modules, along with extensive validation to confirm the efficacy and robustness of the IRTHA algorithm from multiple perspectives. Finally, the last section of the paper outlines numerous conclusive outcomes, remarks, and observations, with the potential directions for future research. The equivalent model of solar PV SDM, comprising a current source ((I_{ph})) which is connected in parallel with a diode ((D_{1})), a parallel resistor to account for leakage current ((I_{sh})), as well as a series resistor to model losses from the load current (I) is depicted in Fig. 1. According to Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL), the output current (I) of the SDM is calculated by utilizing the following Eq. 181,82. Equations 2 and 3 present the mathematical formulations for (I_{d}) as well as (I_{sh}), respectively. The output current I is shown in the given Eq. 4. where (I_{sc}) denotes the reverse saturation current for SDM, the Kelvin temperature of the solar cell (T), the shunt resistance ((R_{sh})), the series resistance ((R_{s})), the charge of the electron ((q=1.60217646 times 10^{-19} , C)), the Boltzmann constant ((k=1.3806503 times 10^{-23} , J/K)), and the ideality factor of the diode (n) are used. Since current is not explicitly represented as a function of voltage in 4. A precise PV model can be constructed by extracting these parameters ((I_{ph}), (I_{sc}), (R_{sh}), (R_{s}), and n). The exact estimation of these factors directly influences the effectiveness of optimization as well as the maximum power point tracking of solar cells. Equivalent circuit of SDM of solar PV. Figure 2 illustrates the equivalent model for the photovoltaic double diode model (DDM). This model comprises a current source ((I_{ph})) in parallel with two diodes ((D_{1}) and ((D_{2})), a parallel resistor representing leakage current ((I_{sh})), and a series resistor to account for losses due to the load current (I). According to KCL, the output current of the DDM is given by the Eq. 59,83. Equations 6 and 7 present the mathematical formulations for (I_{d1}) and (I_{d2}), respectively. The output current I is illustrated in the given Eq. 8. where (I_{sc1}) and (I_{sc2}) represent reverse saturation currents for DDM, and diode ideality factors ((n_{1})) and ((n_{2})), are used. A precise PV model can be constructed by extracting seven unknown parameters such as (I_{ph}), (I_{sc1}), (I_{sc2}), (R_{sh}), (R_{s}), (n_{1}), and (n_{2}). Equivalent circuit of DDM of solar PV. Figure 3 illustrates the configuration of the triple diode model (TDM), where three diodes ((I_{d1}), (I_{d2}), and (I_{d3})) as well as a photo-generated current source ((I_{ph})) are arranged in parallel with a shunt resistor ((R_{sh})). Mathematically, the TDM solar PV is expressed as follows46,84,85. (I_{sh}) and (I_{d}) can be calculated using Eqs. 10 and 11, respectively. Finally, I can be determined using the following Eq. 12. where (I_{sc1}), (I_{sc2}), and (I_{sc3}) are the reverse saturation currents for TDM. From Eq. 12, there are 9 unknown parameters in TDM, such as (I_{ph}), (I_{sc1}), (I_{sc2}), (I_{sc3}), (R_{s}), (R_{sh}), (n_{1}), (n_{2}), and (n_{3}). The accuracy of the TDM model can be evaluated by accurately determining these unknown parameters. Equivalent circuit of TDM of solar PV. The identification of solar PV parameters generally requires minimizing the error between measured PV current (I_{k,measured}) (reference) and estimated PV current (I) determined utilizing the selected model (SDM, DDM, and TDM). In this work, the root mean square error (RMSE) is adopted as the objective function. This work examines three categories of models defined by Eqs. 4, 8, and 12. Each model is associated with a distinct set of parameters. This objective function is expressed in Eq. 1333,86,87. Subject to: Where C is the number of measured data samples. The RMSE is a measure to accurately model the solar PV cell/module by comparing the values calculated with the experimental results. The imposed boundaries limit the algorithm from exploring infeasible spaces, hence preserving computational time. The RTH algorithm draws inspiration from the hunting nature of red-tailed hawk’s88. The IRTHA utilizes a dynamic adjustment strategy or method, which includes a hybrid approach (nonlinear decay as well as a chaotic map)89. This method aims to achieve equilibrium between the exploration stage as well as exploitation stage, thereby enhancing the search process. Incorporating a hybrid methodology which integrates non-linear decay alongwith a chaotic map in the Transition Function Factor (TRF), the IRTHA can dynamically modify the hawks’ movement size of step. This adjustment improves the search radius of the algorithm and creates diversity in the hawk’s dive speed, thus influencing the convergence behavior of the IRTHA algorithm89. This algorithm is made up of three different phases: high soaring phase, low soaring phase, and stooping and swooping phase. The red-tailed hawk dives to significant elevations in search of optimal locations with abundant food resources. Equation 15 illustrates the mathematical formulation of this phase. The red-tailed hawk’s location at iteration t is indicated by the symbol X(t). (X_{best1}) denotes the optimum location obtained, while (X_{mean1}) signifies the mean of all positions. The distribution function (LevyF) utilised in the calculations outlined with Eqs. 16 and 17, while TRF(t) signifies the transition factor function derived from Eq. 17. Here, (p_1 = 0.01) signifies a constant valued, D specifies the problem’s dimension, (delta ‘_{01} = 1.5) is a constant set, while s and (r_1) are random numbers within the range of 0 to 1. The hybrid approach, including nonlinear decay along with a chaotic map, is an effective approach for enhancing the RTH algorithm’s performance by modifying the transition function factor (TRF). Incorporating both nonlinear decay and a chaotic map mechanism into the TRF to adaptively control sparsity over time. This methodology proves particularly advantageous for datasets that display seasonal patterns or in instances where the ideal level of sparsity fluctuates over time. The formula for the modified TRF of IRTHA can be determined by the subsequent equation 1989. where (r_1) stands for a constant parameter that regulates the growth rate and ranges from 0 to 4, (T_{max}) denotes the maximum number of iterations, whereas (T_{iter}) indicates the current iteration count. The hawk spirals downward towards their target while flying closest to the surface of the ground. T denotes a phase that can be depicted through the subsequent model. where (SS_1(t)) signifies the step size as well as the parameters (y_{11}) as well as (z_{11}), which indicate direction coordinates, that can be determined through the subsequent equations. where (R_0) denotes the initial radius value inside the interval of [0.5,3], (AG_1) denotes the spectrum of angel gain, which spans from 5 to 15, while (RG_1) signifies a random gain that can assume values between [0,1]. The variable (r_1) denotes a control gain, which may assume the values of 1 or 2. These variables facilitate the hawk’s movement surrounding the prey using spiral movements. Pseudocode of IRTHA Flowchart of IRTHA algorithm. In this step, the hawk rapidly drops as well as strikes the target from the optimal position attained at the low soaring stage. This phase may be denoted by the subsequent equation 23. The computation for every step size can be ascertained via Eqs. 24 and 25. The parameters (beta _1) and (G_1) denote the acceleration and gravitational factors, correspondingly. They can be described as follows. The symbol (beta _1) signifies the hawk’s acceleration, which rises with time to enhance the convergence speed, while (G_1) suggests the gravitational force, which reduces the exploitation diversity as the hawk or predator approaches its target. The pseudocode for IRTHA is presented in Algorithm 1. Also, the flowchart of the IRTHA algorithm is illustrated in Fig. 4. This section evaluates the performance of the IRTHA algorithm through solar PV parameter estimation challenges. For analysis, the five common types of solar PV cells/modules, such as RTC France (SDM, DDM, and TDM), Photowatt-PWP201, PVM-752-GaAs, STM6 40/36, and STP6 120/36 PV panels, are used. The performance of the IRTHA algorithm is compared with different MH algorithms like HLOA17, ZOA19, PSOGWO20, WOA21, POA18, HO22, OOA23, HHO24, GWO25, and COA26. Also, the parameter details of different MH optimization is given in the Table 2. The findings indicate that IRTHA exhibits superior accuracy, achieves faster convergence, and demonstrates computational efficiency. Table 3 indicate the search boundaries for each unidentified parameter of solar PV associated with the parameter extraction techniques9,90,91. The assessment of the algorithm’s efficacy is conducted through standard metrics including RMSE, MAE, IAE, SSE, MSE, along with the analysis of the convergence curve. Additionally, a low RMSE value signifies that the parameters have been effectively determined, as RMSE seeks to minimize the variance between observed as well as predicted data. The statistical robustness of the obtained results is evaluated through evaluating the standard deviation, as well as the worst and mean error values across 30 independent runs, in addition to minimizing the RMSE. A non-parametric Wilcoxon rank-sum test is also conducted to validate the accuracy of IRTHA’s outcomes over the other compared algorithms. Furthermore, the box plots and convergence graphs are presented to visually highlight the stability and accuracy of the IRTHA algorithm. All simulations were executed in MATLAB R2021a on a Windows 11 laptop featuring an Intel Core i5-1035G1 processor with 8GB of RAM. The algorithms employ a population size of 50, with a maximum of 1000 iterations for each of the five PV models. Each algorithm is carried out autonomously 30 times for every PV model. The IRTHA algorithm is tested using a single, double, and triple diode model (SDM, DDM, and TDM) of the RTC France PV cell under standard test conditions of 33 °C, 1000 W/(hbox {m}^2). Tables 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 present the detailed analysis of the RTC France solar cell (SDM, DDM, and TDM). Tables 4, 7, and 10 display the measured as well as estimated data points of current for SDM, DDM, and TDM, respectively. Also, the Table 4, 7, and 10 present in-depth statistical measures like MAE, MSE, RMSE, SSE, MBE, and IAE values. A comparative analysis of the efficacy of eleven optimization algorithms is shown in Table 5, 8, and 11 respectively. Also, Table 5, 8, and 11 present a detailed overview of the best, worst, mean, min, standard deviation, and optimal values achieved by each MH algorithm across 1000 iteration and 30 run for SDM, DDM, and TDM, respectively. The results of these experiments indicate that the IRTHA algorithm shows outstanding results regarding both the mean objective function value and the best objective function value when compared to other algorithms. The optimal RMSE solutions for SDM, DDM, and TDM achieved with the IRTHA algorithm are 7.72986E-04, 7.41918E-04, and 7.34782E-04. The graphical characteristics demonstrated in Figs. 5a , 6a and 7a highlights the effectiveness of the IRTHA algorithm. The measured and estimated values on the I-V curves of SDM, DDM, and TDM align precisely, indicating that the model accurately reflects the performance of the RTC France PV cell. Also, Figs. 5b , 6b, and 7b present the effectiveness of the IRTHA algorithm. The measured and estimated values on the P-V curves of SDM, DDM, and TDM are in exact match, demonstrating that the model correctly represents the effectiveness of the RTC France PV cell. The data presented in these figures clearly indicate a strong connection between the experimental polarization curves and those derived from the identified model. Figures 5c , 6c, and 7c provide the behavior of convergence for 1000 iterations, in which IRTHA has a more rapid and stable convergence curve than other MH algorithms. Figures 5d , 6d, and 7d shows the comparative boxplot analysis achieved by IRTHA in comparison with other algorithms across the RTC France Solar PV (SDM, DDM, and TDM). Furthermore, Figures 5e , 6e , and 7e illustrate a radar chart which indicates the ranking of the 11 MH optimization methods for the RTC France Solar PV (SDM, DDM, and TDM). It has been noted that IRTHA exhibits the smallest shaded area, clearly illustrating its enhanced performance relative to the other algorithms. The shaded areas of POA and HO are positioned in 2nd and 3rd place, indicating that POA and HLOA are in close competition with the IRTHA algorithm. On the basis of the Wilcoxon rank test in Table 6, 9, and 12, IRTHA obtained the first rank for SDM, DDM, and TDM, hence highlighting IRTHA’s superiority in accuracy and convergence performance. This demonstrates that the effectiveness of the IRTHA algorithm, implemented as an optimization technique for parameter estimation from solar PV, significantly outperforms that of other algorithms. The RTC France SDM (a) I-V characteristic (b) P-V characteristic (c) convergence curve characteristic (d) Boxplot characteristic (e) Radarchart characteristic. The RTC France TDM (a) I-V characteristic (b) P-V characteristic (c) convergence curve characteristic (d) Boxplot characteristic (e) Radarchart characteristic. The IRTHA algorithm demonstrated exceptional performance in optimizing the PVM-752-GaAs thin film Solar PV, providing accurate parameter estimations, quick convergence, and dependable results. The precision and effectiveness of the IRTHA are evaluated by estimating the unknown model parameters of PVM-752-GaAs solar PV. Table 13 presents the measured outcomes for 44 voltage-current data points along with corresponding measured and estimated power. Additionally, the statistical metrics, such as MAE, MSE, RMSE, and MBE, are also presented in Table 13. A comparative analysis of the efficacy of eleven optimization algorithms, including IRTHA, HLOA, ZOA, PSOGWO, WOA, POA, HO, and OOA, is shown in Table 14. From the numerical simulation outcomes demonstrated in Table 14 it is observed that the proposed IRTHA achieves the lowest RMSE value of 1.59243E-04 in comparison with other MH algorithms. The I-V and P-V characteristic curves presented in Fig. 8a and b demonstrate a high correlation between the experimental and estimated data, thus validating the IRTHA performance in simulating the PVM752 module. Additionally, Fig. 8c illustrates the convergence curves of all algorithms used for comparison across the PVM-752-GaAs Solar PV, providing insight into the performance of algorithms. The figure shows that the convergence curves of the IRTHA algorithm demonstrate superior performance compared to other comparative algorithms. This simple and effective convergence illustrates IRTHA’s capability to rapidly and effectively optimize fitness values, a significant benefit in optimization. The Fig. 8d shows the comparative boxplot analysis achieved by IRTHA in comparison with other algorithms across the PVM-752-GaAs Solar PV. In addition, Fig. 8a presents a radar chart illustrating the ranking of the 11 MH optimization techniques for the PVM 752 GaAs thin-film cell. The results reveal that IRTHA exhibits the smallest shaded area, hence illustrating its greater efficacy relative to the other MH algorithms. The shaded portions of POA and HHO are positioned in (hbox {2}^{nd}) and (hbox {3}^{rd}) place, indicating that POA and HHO are in close competition with IRTHA. Finally, rank analysis is carried out using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, which is illustrated in Table 15. The IRTHA ranked the highest among all the algorithms, followed by POA, HHO, and HO. Conversely, algorithms such as OOA, COA, and GWO exhibited inferior rankings, hence highlighting IRTHA’s superiority in accuracy and convergence performance. The comparison has been conducted by considering the evaluation of statistical parameters such as standard deviation, worst, mean, and minimum RMSE values, and other indicators that highlight convergence, and solution quality metrics. Interestingly, IRTHA exhibits significant stability and consistency as marked by its low standard deviation and low mean, min RMSE. The RTC France TDM (a) I-V characteristic (b) P-V characteristic (c) convergence curve characteristic (d) Boxplot characteristic (e) Radarchart characteristic. The PVM-752-GaAs (a) I-V characteristic (b) P-V characteristic (c) convergence curve characteristic (d) Boxplot characteristic (e) Radarchart characteristic. The STP-120/36 PV module was utilized to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed IRTHA algorithm in comparison to eleven sophisticated optimization techniques. Table 16 presents the measured outcomes for 24 voltage-current data points along with corresponding measured and estimated power. Furthermore, the statistical metrics, such as MAE, MSE, RMSE and MBE, are also presented in Table 16. Completing the simulation of the algorithms in Matlab, the statistical metrics of the final RMSE values derived from the MH optimization methods are shown in Table 17. Table 17 provides a detailed overview of the best, worst, mean, min, standard deviation, and optimal values achieved by each MH algorithm across 1000 runs. The results of these experiments indicate that the IRTHA algorithm shows outstanding results regarding both the mean objective function value and the best objective function value when compared to other algorithms. The best RMSE result obtained utilizing the IRTHA algorithm is 1.44508E-02. The graphical characteristics show in Fig. 9a , and b demonstrate the efficacy of the IRTHA algorithm. The measured as well as estimated values on the I-V and P-V curves match exactly, which demonstrates that the model accurately represents the performance of the STP-120/36 PV module. The figures demonstrate a clear correlation between the experimental polarization curves and the model-derived curves. Figure 9c shows a direct comparison of the algorithms’ effectiveness in improving their search methodologies to attain the minimal RMSE value. The IRTHA algorithm illustrates its superiority in Fig. 9c by attaining optimal fitness values. The optimization process of the IRTHA algorithm demonstrates constant performance, whereas other MH algorithms display either delayed convergence or unstable fluctuations, highlighting challenges with balancing the exploration as well as exploitation stages. Figure 9e shows the comparative boxplot analysis conducted by IRTHA compared to other MH optimization techniques for the PVM-752-GaAs Solar PV module. Additionally, Fig. 9e depicts a radar chart which displays the ranking of the 11 MH optimization algorithms for the STP6 120/36 PV module. The findings indicate that IRTHA displays the smallest shaded area, showcasing its exceptional performance compared to the other MH techniques. The shaded areas of POA and HO are in (hbox {2}^{nd}) and (hbox {3}^{rd}) positions, indicating that POA and HO are in close competition with the IRTHA algorithm. On the basis of Wilcoxon rank test in Table 18, IRTHA obtained the (hbox {I}^{st}) rank followed by POA and HO while OOA and COA exhibited inferior rankings, hence highlighting IRTHA’s superiority in accuracy and convergence performance.This highlights the efficacy of the IRTHA algorithm, implemented as an optimization technique for parameter identification from Solar PV, significantly outperforming other algorithms. The STP6 120/36 PV module (a) I-V characteristic (b) P-V characteristic (c) convergence curve characteristic (d) Boxplot characteristic (e) Radarchart characteristic. The parameter optimization of the STM6 40/36 PV module was carried out utilizing the IRTHA algorithm as well as was compared with ten other MH optimization algorithms, which include HLOA, ZOA, PSOGWO, WOA, POA, HO, OOA, HHO, GWO, and COA. The preciseness of the IRTHA optimized model has been demonstrated by comparing the measured and estimated values of current ((I_{m}) and (I_{e})) and power ((P_{m}) and (P_{e})) across various current densities (IE), as presented in Table 19. Furthermore, the statistical metrics, such as MAE, MSE, RMSE, and MBE, are also presented in Table 19. A comparative analysis of the efficacy of eleven optimization algorithms is shown in Table 20. Also, Table 20 provides a detailed overview of the best, worst, mean, min, standard deviation, and optimal values achieved by each MH algorithm across 1000 iterations and 30 runs. The results of these experiments indicate that the IRTHA algorithm shows outstanding results regarding both the mean objective function value and the best objective function value when compared to other algorithms. The optimal RMSE solution achieved with the IRTHA algorithm is 1.72192E-03. The I–V and P-V characteristic graphs of the STM6 40/36 PV module are illustrated in Fig. 10a, and b, demonstrating a significant similarity between the measured as well as simulated current-voltage values obtained through the IRTHA algorithm. This indicates that the IRTHA algorithm provides a significant level of accuracy in modelling the STM6 40/36 PV module. Figure 10cillustrates the convergence plots of the objective function (RMSE) achieved by the IRTHA algorithm in comparison with the other algorithms. The diagram illustrates that the IRTHA algorithm exhibits rapid and consistent convergence closer to the optimal solution when compared to the other algorithms. Figure 10dpresents the boxplot graphs for the STM6 40/36 PV module. It is evident that HO, POA, and HLOA exhibit a close relationship regarding the distribution range and fluctuations. It is evident that the data derived from the IRTHA algorithm exhibits narrower distribution ranges and upper/lower bands compared to the other MH algorithms. This indicates that the IRTHA algorithm can attain the lowest RMSE while maintaining the highest stability. Additionally, Fig. 10ashows a radar chart demonstrating the position of 11 MH optimization techniques for the STM6 40/36 PV module. The IRTHA presents the minimal shaded area, clearly highlighting its superior performance compared to other MH techniques. The shaded areas of HLOA and POA are positioned in (hbox {2}^{nd}) and (hbox {3}^{rd}) positions, indicating that HLOA and POA are in close competition with IRTHA. Finally, rank analysis is carried out utilizing the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, which is shown in Table 21.IRTHA achieved the top ranking among all algorithms, followed by HLOA, POA, HO, and PSOGWO. On the other hand, algorithms like HHO, COA, and WOA demonstrated lower rankings, hence demonstrating IRTHA’s superiority in accuracy as well as convergence performance. The comparison has been carried out by evaluating statistical parameters, including standard deviation, worst, mean, and minimum RMSE values, along with other indicators that demonstrate convergence and solution quality indicators. Interestingly, IRTHA exhibits significant stability and consistency as marked by its low standard deviation, mean, and min RMSE. The STM6 40/36 PV module (a) I-V characteristic (b) P-V characteristic (c) convergence curve characteristic (d) Boxplot characteristic (e) Radarchart characteristic. The IRTHA algorithm demonstrated exceptional performance in optimizing the Photowatt-PWP201 PV module, providing accurate parameter estimations, quick convergence, and dependable results. The precision and effectiveness of the IRTHA are evaluated by estimating the unknown model parameters of Photowatt-PWP201 PV module. Table 22 presents the measured outcomes for 25 voltage-current data points along with corresponding measured and estimated power. Additionally, the statistical metrics, such as MAE, MSE, RMSE, and MBE, are also presented in Table 22. Furthermore, Table 23 displays the optimal parameter values along with the RMSE. The experimental findings were recorded after the 30-time run of every optimizer. The findings reveal that the IRTHA optimization method surpasses other MH algorithms, as shown by its optimal RMSE performance presented in Table 23. Additionally, Fig. 11a and b shows the P-V and I-V characteristic curves, which are obtained from the optimal parameters determined by the IRTHA algorithm. The graphical representations present the relationship between estimated and actual measurements. The data indicates that the parameters obtained from the IRTHA algorithm achieve current and power levels that closely match the observed outcomes. Figure 11d illustrates a direct comparison of the algorithms’ effectiveness in optimizing their search methodologies to attain the minimal RMSE value. The IRTHA algorithm demonstrates its superiority in Fig. 11d by achieving optimum fitness values. Figure 11d presents a direct comparison of the algorithms’ efficacy in optimizing their search techniques to achieve the smallest RMSE value. The IRTHA algorithm reveals its superiority in Fig. 11dby attaining optimum fitness values. The optimization process for IRTHA algorithm exhibits consistent performance, while other MH algorithms reveal either delayed convergence or unstable variations, indicating challenges in balancing exploration as well as exploitation. The Fig. 11d presents the comparative boxplot analysis performed by IRTHA compared to other MH techniques for the Photowatt-PWP201 PV module. Additionally, Fig. 11a illustrates a radar chart that indicates the position of the 11 MH optimization algorithms for the Photowatt-PWP201 PV module. The findings indicate that IRTHA demonstrates the least shaded area, effectively highlighting its superior performance compared to the other algorithms. The shaded areas of POA and HLOA are positioned in the (hbox {2}^{nd}) and (hbox {3}^{rd}) positions, indicating that POA and HLOA are in close competition with the proposed algorithm. On the basis of Wilcoxon rank test in Table 24, IRTHA obtained (hbox {I}^{st}) rank followed by POA and HLOA while GWO and PSOGWO exhibited inferior rankings, hence highlighting IRTHA’s superiority in accuracy and convergence performance. This illustrates that the efficacy of the IRTHA algorithm, implemented as an optimization technique for parameter identification from Solar PV, significantly outperforms that of other algorithms. The Photowatt-PWP201 PV module (a) I-V characteristic (b) P-V characteristic (c) convergence curve characteristic (d) Boxplot characteristic (e) Radarchart characteristic. Table 25 presents the computational time complexity (in seconds) of all MH algorithms utilized for RTC France (SDM, DDM, and TDM), Photowatt-PWP201, STP6 120/36, PVM-752-GaAs, and STM6 40/36 PV panels. All simulations have been executed in MATLAB R2021a on a Windows 11 laptop containing an Intel Core i5-1035G1 CPU and 8GB of RAM. The algorithms have a population size of 50, with a maximum of 1000 iterations, and have been executed for 1 run for all the algorithms used for analysis. From the analysis, it is observed that the IRTHA continuously takes a higher execution time than other MH algorithms, such as ZOA, HO, HHO, WOA, POA, PSOGWO, OOA, COA, GWO, and HLOA. The IRTHA algorithm takes approximately 16.7799s, 18.5538s, 21.3759s, 18.6296s, 27.6161s, 18.0251s, and 16.8908s for the RTC France (SDM, DDM, and TDM), Photowatt-PWP201, PVM-752-GaAs, STP6 120/36, and STM6 40/36 PV panels, respectively. Despite the higher computational time complexity, IRTHA achieves the minimal RMSE values among all PV cells/modules. Although other MH algorithms exhibit lower time complexity, these MH algorithms fail to achieve optimal results. The RMSE achieved by IRTHA is 7.72986E-04 for SDM, 7.42740E-04 for DDM, 7.42631E-04for TDM, 2.05285E-03 for Photowatt-PW201, 1.59243E-04 for PVM-752-GaAs, 1.44508E-02 for STP6-120/36, and 1.72192E-03 for STM6 40/36, all of which are consistently lower than the results obtained using the other MH algorithms. The outcomes illustrate a distinct balance between computational complexity and estimation accuracy, with the IRTHA highlighting reliability and precision in solar PV parameter estimation. This paper presents an improved MH algorithm, known as the Improved Red-tailed Hawk Algorithm (IRTHA), which has been proposed for the estimation of solar PV parameters by integrating the properties of RTHA with the Nonlinear Decay Chaotic Map strategy and the Newton-Raphson Method. This article focuses on the modeling of solar PV, presenting simulation results that closely align with those observed in the experimental. The objective function of this work is the RMSE, representing the variation between calculated as well as measured voltages. Three distinct varieties of PEMFCs, specifically including the RTC France (SDM, DDM, and TDM), Photowatt-PWP201, STP6 120/36, PVM-752- GaAs, and STM6 40/36 PV panels, were utilized to illustrate the robustness of the IRTHA. The outcomes show that IRTHA demonstrated a superior RMSE value in comparison to various techniques, including HLOA, ZOA, PSOGWO, WOA, POA, HO, OOA, HHO, GWO, and COA, as well as additional parameter estimations of solar PV techniques reported in the literature, in addition to a more accurate model. A comparative analysis with other advanced MH optimization techniques illustrates that IRTHA demonstrates significantly lower RMSE values: 7.72986E-04 for SDM-RTC France, 7.41918E-04 for DDM-RTC France, 7.34782E-04 for TDM-RTC France, 1.59243E-04 for PVM 752, 1.44508E-02 for STP 120/36, 1.72192E-03 for STM 40/36, and 2.05285E-03 for the Photowatt-PWP201 module, respectively. Additionally, determine the reliability and effectiveness of the IRTHA in extracting PV parameters by employing various statistical metrics, including Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Square Error (MSE), Sum of Square Error (SSE), Individual Absolute Error (IAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and the Friedman and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. In addition, the convergence to the optimal values occurs rapidly as compared to the other MH algorithms. The statistical evaluation demonstrates the superior reliability of the calculated outcomes. The solutions demonstrate an optimal alignment between the calculated and measured I–V curves using the proposed IRTHA. Therefore, the findings validate that the IRTHA algorithm is promising and acts as an effective tool for extracting PV cell parameters, as it demonstrates superior performance in addressing the nonlinear equations of the analyzed challenge. 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A reinforcement learning-based ranking teaching-learning-based optimization algorithm for parameters estimation of photovoltaic models. Swarm Evol. Comput.93, 101844 (2025). Article Google Scholar Download references Open access funding provided by Vellore Institute of Technology. Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. School of Electrical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India Pankaj Sharma, Asmita Ajay Rathod, Shubhi Shukla, Saravanakumar Raju & Balaji Subramanian Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Andhra Pradesh, Tadepalligudem, Andhra Pradesh, India Pankaj Sharma & Asmita Ajay Rathod Department of Mathematics, School of Advance Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India Arun Choudhary Search author on:PubMedGoogle Scholar Search author on:PubMedGoogle Scholar Search author on:PubMedGoogle Scholar Search author on:PubMedGoogle Scholar Search author on:PubMedGoogle Scholar Search author on:PubMedGoogle Scholar Pankaj Sharma: Conceptualization, Methodology, Data curation, Writing-Original draft Preparation, Resources, Reviewing and Editing, Validation, Result and Discussion. Asmita Ajay Rathod, Shubhi Shukla, : Methodology, Writing-original draft preparation, Data curation, Software, Validation, Result and Discussion, Real-world Application. Arun Choudhary, Saravanakumar Raju, Balaji Subramanian: Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Validation, Supervision, Resources, Project administration, Investigation, Formal analysis. Correspondence to Balaji Subramanian. The authors declare no competing interests. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Reprints and permissions Sharma, P., Ajay Rathod, A., Shukla, S. et al. Optimized parameter estimation of solar PV models using an improved red-tailed hawk algorithm. 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📢 Introduction Solar energy is becoming one of the most popular ways to reduce electricity bills and achieve energy independence. However, many users do not get maximum output from their solar panels due to improper usage, installation, or maintenance. Experts say small improvements can significantly boost solar efficiency. ⚡ 6 Ways to Improve Solar Panel Performance 🌞 1. Install Panels in the Right Direction The direction of solar panels plays a major role in power generation. 🧼 2. Keep Panels Clean Regularly Dust, bird droppings, and pollution can block sunlight. 👉 Dirty panels = reduced electricity generation 🌤️ 3. Avoid shadow Obstruction Even partial shade can reduce performance. 🔋 4. Use High-Quality Inverters The inverter converts solar DC power into usable AC power. 📊 5. Monitor Energy Output Regularly Tracking performance helps identify issues early. 🌡️ 6. Manage Heat Effectively Excess heat can reduce panel efficiency. 💡 Bonus Tip: Upgrade Technology New technologies like: can significantly improve overall efficiency. 📌 Conclusion To generate maximum electricity from solar panels, proper installation, regular maintenance, and smart monitoring are essential. With the right techniques, households can significantly reduce electricity bills and achieve long-term energy savings. Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of any agency, organization, employer, or company. All information provided is for general informational purposes only. While every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, we make no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied, about the completeness, reliability, or suitability of the information contained herein. Readers are advised to verify facts and seek professional advice where necessary. Any reliance placed on such information is strictly at the reader’s own risk. Empowering 140+ Indians within and abroad with entertainment, infotainment, credible, independent, issue based journalism oriented latest updates on politics, movies.
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MACON, Georgia (41NBC/WMGT) – The Boys and Girls Club of Central Georgia is getting a major boost in sustainability, with 162 solar panels now covering the roof of the new Buck Melton Center. The installation, carried out by Cherry Street Energy, is expected to drastically reduce energy costs for the nonprofit. As Georgia temperatures rise and electricity costs increase, the panels offer long-term financial relief for the organization. Cherry Street Energy CEO Michael Chanin said the project reflects his commitment to the Macon community and its children. “The Boys and Girls Club is an incredible institution in Macon that supports children after school and in the summer,” he said. “We can help them control the cost of their electricity with solar panels that we installed at no capital expense.” Chanin described the project as his way of giving back to the community he loves. Cherry Street Energy will continue to support the panels for the next 20 years.
JinkoSolar has signed a strategic supply agreement for 2GW of its high-efficiency PV modules with global clean energy leader Masdar, under which it will supply its Tiger Neo series modules for RTC, the world’s first gigascale round-the-clock renewable energy project in Abu Dhabi. The signing ceremony was attended by Masdar CEO Mohamed Jameel Al Ramahi and his Jinko counterpart Charlie Cao, together with senior executives from both parties. RTC is the world’s first gigascale renewable energy project, integrating solar power and battery energy storage. Jointly developed by Masdar and the Emirates Water and Electricity Company (EWEC), the project integrates a 5.2GW solar photovoltaic (PV) plant with a 19 gigawatt-hour (GWh) battery energy storage system (BESS), the largest and most technologically advanced system of its kind in the world. RTC reimagines the potential of renewable energy by overcoming intermittency and, once operational, the project will produce gigascale baseload energy at a globally competitive rate for the first time, setting a new international benchmark and reaffirming the UAE’s leading position in renewable energy development. The signing of the agreement marks an important milestone for JinkoSolar’s development in the high-end Middle Eastern new energy market and the long-term strategic partnership with Masdar.
As solar panels lose their ability to generate electricity after sunset, one major challenge remains for renewable energy: how to store solar power for use later, whether during cloudy weather or overnight. Researchers at UC Santa Barbara believe they may have found an answer that avoids the need for massive battery systems or reliance on the electrical grid. Writing in the journal Science, Associate Professor Grace Han and her research team describe a new material capable of absorbing sunlight, storing that energy in chemical bonds, and later releasing it as heat whenever needed. The material is based on a modified organic molecule called pyrimidone and represents a new step forward in Molecular Solar Thermal (MOST) energy storage technology. "The concept is reusable and recyclable," said Han Nguyen, a doctoral student in the Han Group and lead author of the study. "Think of photochromic sunglasses. When you’re inside, they’re just clear lenses. You walk out into the sun, and they darken on their own. Come back inside, and the lenses become clear again," Nguyen continued. "That kind of reversible change is what we’re interested in. Only instead of changing color, we want to use the same idea to store energy, release it when we need it, and then reuse the material over and over." DNA-Inspired Solar Energy Storage The scientists drew inspiration from an unexpected source while designing the molecule: DNA. The pyrimidone structure resembles a component found naturally in DNA that can reversibly change shape when exposed to ultraviolet light. Using a synthetic version of that structure, the team engineered a molecule capable of repeatedly storing and releasing energy. To better understand why the molecule remained stable while holding energy for long periods, the researchers partnered with UCLA distinguished research professor Ken Houk. Computational modeling helped explain how the material could retain stored energy for years without significant loss. "We prioritized a lightweight, compact molecule design," Nguyen said. "For this project, we cut everything we didn’t need. Anything that was unnecessary, we removed to make the molecule as compact as possible." A Reusable "Sun Battery" Unlike standard solar panels that directly convert sunlight into electricity, this system stores energy chemically. The molecule behaves somewhat like a compressed spring. After absorbing sunlight, it shifts into a strained, high-energy form and stays in that state until activated. When exposed to a trigger — such as a small amount of heat or a catalyst — the molecule snaps back into its original form, releasing the stored energy as heat. "We typically describe it as a rechargeable solar battery," Nguyen said. "It stores sunlight, and it can be recharged." The molecule also delivers impressive energy density. According to the researchers, it stores more than 1.6 megajoules of energy per kilogram. By comparison, a conventional lithium-ion battery stores roughly 0.9 MJ/kg. The new material also outperformed earlier generations of optical energy-storage switches. New Material Can Boil Water Using Stored Sunlight A key milestone for the team involved turning the molecule’s high energy storage capacity into a practical demonstration. In experiments, the researchers showed that the material could release enough heat to boil water under ambient conditions, something that has been difficult to accomplish in this area of research. "Boiling water is an energy-intensive process," Nguyen said. "The fact that we can boil water under ambient conditions is a big achievement." The technology could eventually support a variety of real-world uses, including off-grid heating systems for camping or home water heating applications. Because the material dissolves in water, researchers say it may someday circulate through rooftop solar collectors during the day before being stored in tanks that release heat at night. "With solar panels, you need an additional battery system to store the energy," said co-author Benjamin Baker, a doctoral student in the Han Lab. "With molecular solar thermal energy storage, the material itself is able to store that energy from sunlight." The project received support from the Moore Inventor Fellowship, awarded to Han in 2025 to advance the development of these "rechargeable sun batteries." Story Source: Materials provided by University of California – Santa Barbara. Original written by Seren Snow. Note: Content may be edited for style and length. 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7-DAY UNLIMITED ACCESS By Shelby Webb | 05/15/2026 06:34 AM EDT The Electric Reliability Council of Texas said solar outproduced coal power in its region in 2025, while a new federal projection put 2026 as the first year that could happen. The growing role of solar power generation in Texas is receiving state and national attention. Mark Felix/AFP via Getty Images Texas’ main grid operator said Thursday that solar topped coal for power generation in its region last year, contradicting a new federal report projecting that breakthrough in 2026. On Wednesday, the U.S. Energy Information Administration published a forecast predicting that — for the first time on an annual basis — utility-scale solar could produce more electricity this year than coal in the region covering most of Texas. But Trudi Webster, a spokesperson for the Electric Reliability Council of Texas, said in a statement Thursday that ERCOT reports about fuel mix and energy demand in its region “confirm that solar surpassed coal on an annual basis in 2025.” The chasm between data from EIA and ERCOT on utility-scale solar power generation last year is enormous — a difference of more than 10 terawatt-hours. One terawatt can power about 250 million homes on a peak day in ERCOT’s region. Request a FREE trial to receive unlimited access to
The Pan India Solar Sector Association’s networking and business meet in New Delhi brought together EPC players, manufacturers, suppliers and industry experts to strengthen partnerships and promote collaboration across India’s expanding solar energy ecosystem. May 16, 2026. By News Bureau The Pan India Solar Sector Association (PISSA) has recently organised its Networking cum Business Meet. The event took place on May 9, 2026, at Hotel Pride Plaza, Aero City, New Delhi. It witnessed participation from more than 120 Renewable Energy Professionals representing various segments of the Renewable Energy, specifically Solar Sector. The event served as a platform for industry stakeholders: a mix of EPC service providers, Industry Professionals, Suppliers, Manufacturers etc. The platform was an opportunity for the participants to engage in meaningful discussions, strengthen business relationships and explore new opportunities for collaboration within India’s growing renewable energy ecosystem. The Highlights of the event were a key note address by the Chief Guest, Dr. Jeevan Kumar Jethani, Scientist ‘F’ at the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). During his session, Jethani interacted with the audience queries and gave a perspective to all the apprehensions of the stakeholders. The event also witnessed industry sponsors, including KAMPSOL INDUSTRIES – Manufacturer of LT Panels, ACDB, DCDB and solar mounting structures. GENNEX Transformers – Transformer Manufacturer, Nunam – Battery Manufacturer and Solvanta RPSG – Solar Panel Manufacturer. The gift sponsors for the event included, WELCO PRINTS –Printing services and SunCart. PISSA expressed that it remains committed to creating meaningful opportunities for networking, knowledge sharing and collaboration across the renewable energy ecosystem. Encapsulant Selection is a Strategic Reliability Decision: Avinash Hiranandani From Innovation to Execution, BESS is Now Central to Power Planning: Savek Dubey, Sungrow Mufin Green Finance's Gunjan Jain Bets on Premium Financing as India’s Next Credit Opportunity Grid Modernisation, Storage, and Hydrogen to Shape India’s Energy Future: Advait's Rutvi Sheth Energy Security Has Evolved into a Strategic Imperative for India: Hartek Singh
SLR Solar has inaugurated an 800 MW fully automated AI-driven solar PV module manufacturing facility in Kishangarh, Rajasthan, which will produce next-generation TOPCon glass-to-glass solar modules. The company plans to scale capacity to 3 GW and expand into EVA sheet and junction box manufacturing at a later stage. May 16, 2026. By Mrinmoy Dey Encapsulant Selection is a Strategic Reliability Decision: Avinash Hiranandani From Innovation to Execution, BESS is Now Central to Power Planning: Savek Dubey, Sungrow Mufin Green Finance's Gunjan Jain Bets on Premium Financing as India’s Next Credit Opportunity Grid Modernisation, Storage, and Hydrogen to Shape India’s Energy Future: Advait's Rutvi Sheth Energy Security Has Evolved into a Strategic Imperative for India: Hartek Singh
A recent study found that floating solar panels installed on Morocco’s dams could contribute to the country’s energy needs while also helping to reduce water loss from evaporation. Titled, “Techno-economic feasibility analysis of floating photovoltaic systems on 58 Moroccan dams: energy potential, economic viability, and water evaporation,” the research examined 58 dams across the country, analyzing water surface availability, evaporation rates, expected energy production, costs, and different technical configurations for floating platforms. The study was conducted by four Moroccan researchers, namely Abdelilah Mouhaya, Saad Motahhir, and Abdelaziz El Ghzizal from Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University in Fes, and Aboubakr El Hammoumi from Abdelmalek Essaâdi University in Tetouan. It highlighted that Morocco benefits from abundant and consistent sunlight, making “photovoltaic solar energy a highly promising solution,” despite challenges like land scarcity and high temperatures that affect efficiency. “Installing solar photovoltaics on existing dams offers an attractive and sustainable alternative, as they enhance overall renewable energy production and reduce evaporation,” the source stressed. The study estimated that the monitored dams cover around 433 square kilometers of water surface, which collectively lose about 909.468 million cubic meters of water each year due to evaporation. The researchers also found that the optimal angle for maximizing energy production was a panel tilt of 31 degrees, but lower angles, such as 11 degrees, were also viable, providing a better balance between electricity generation and water conservation. The results also showed that floating solar panels installed on 1% of the total surface area of these dams could play an important role in meeting Morocco’s energy needs and provide a relatively quick return on investment. Subscribe now to the newsletter, to receive the latest news daily
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Around Cornell News directly from Cornell’s colleges and centers Renewable energy infrastructure is booming globally, driven by improved tech, rising oil prices and global energy instability. But large, utility-scale solar projects often raise community concerns about land-use changes. Researchers have developed a model that overlays areas suitable for solar development with prime farmland and habitats critical for protecting biodiversity in New York. The model could inform solar siting decisions across the state, helping communities identify critical areas to protect. The study, “Sustainability Trade-offs at the Nexus of Solar Energy, Agriculture and Biodiversity,” published April 22 in Geography and Sustainability. The team of researchers from Cornell, The Nature Conservancy (TNC), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Central Michigan University assessed the geography of New York state according to three competing land-use priorities: solar development at the lowest cost, farmland preservation and biodiversity conservation. Their overlapping maps based on those priorities identified potential low-conflict sites and hotspots where competing priorities could lead to tradeoffs of potential solar development. Read the full story in the CALS Newsroom. Get Cornell news delivered right to your inbox. Cornell Chronicle 120 Maple Ave. Ithaca, NY 14850 cunews@cornell.edu
0 Powered by : Meridian Energy, New Zealand power company, has received consent to develop the 120 MW Bunnythorpe Solar Farm north of Palmerston North in Manawatū, New Zealand. The project will be paired with an already approved battery energy storage system at the Bunnythorpe Energy Park. Around 250,000 solar panels are planned for the site, with annual generation expected to reach approximately 225 GWh. The output could supply electricity to around 30,000 average homes. The 280 ha site is located near Transpower’s Bunnythorpe substation between Ashhurst and Stoney Creek Roads. Meridian expects the project to create more than 100 local construction jobs and up to NZD 50 million in regional spending during construction. Final investment decision is expected in Q4 2027.
Fujiyama Power Systems Limited, one of India’s leading rooftop solar solution providers, today announced the commissioning of its 2,000 MW solar panel manufacturing facility at Ratlam, Madhya Pradesh, marking a major milestone in the company’s manufacturing expansion strategy. The Ratlam facility forms part of Fujiyama’s large-scale greenfield project aimed at strengthening its integrated solar manufacturing ecosystem and enhancing its position in India’s rapidly growing renewable energy sector. The facility has been designed with a planned manufacturing capacity of 2,000 MW each for solar panels, batteries and inverters. Operations at the solar panel line have commenced with an initial annualized production capacity of nearly 1,000 MW under a single-shift model. The company plans to progressively scale up operations through phased expansion and double-shift manufacturing to achieve full capacity utilization by the fourth quarter of FY27. Following the commissioning of the Ratlam plant, Fujiyama’s total solar panel manufacturing capacity has increased to 3,568 MW, significantly strengthening the company’s ability to cater to the fast-growing domestic rooftop solar market. The company also provided an update on its inverter and battery manufacturing lines being developed at the same facility. Fujiyama stated that commissioning timelines for these segments experienced delays due to the incorporation of advanced lithium-ion battery technologies aimed at enhancing product competitiveness and long-term market relevance. Additionally, certain geopolitical developments impacted equipment supply schedules during the project execution phase. The company said these challenges have now been substantially addressed. Fujiyama expects the inverter manufacturing line to become operational during the first quarter of FY27, with the required machinery already delivered to the facility. Orders for machinery related to the battery manufacturing line have also been placed, and commissioning is expected during the second quarter of FY27. Commenting on the development, Pawan Kumar Garg, Chairman and Joint Managing Director of Fujiyama Power Systems Limited, said the commissioning of the Ratlam solar panel facility represents a significant milestone in the company’s long-term growth journey. He stated that the expansion strengthens Fujiyama’s ability to serve the rapidly expanding rooftop solar segment through enhanced manufacturing scale, improved operational efficiencies and greater control across the value chain. The Ratlam project is expected to further improve backward integration capabilities, optimize supply-chain efficiencies and support cost competitiveness across product categories. With nearly three decades of operational experience, Fujiyama has established itself as a prominent player in India’s rooftop solar solutions market, offering a wide portfolio that includes solar panels, inverters, lithium and tubular batteries, chargers and power-electronics systems. The company operates multiple manufacturing facilities across Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana, while continuing to expand its integrated renewable energy manufacturing infrastructure through the Ratlam project. Fujiyama’s predominantly B2C business model is supported by a widespread distribution and service ecosystem comprising more than 8,900 channel partners, including distributors, dealers, exclusive retail outlets and service engineers. The company has built a strong presence across Tier-2 and Tier-3 markets, enabling seamless product delivery, installation and after-sales service support. The company has also commissioned 1 GW of Mono PERC solar cell manufacturing capacity and is currently expanding its TOPCon solar cell capacity by an additional 1.2 GW. Fujiyama believes these investments position it strongly to benefit from India’s accelerating demand for Domestic Content Requirement-compliant solar panels under various government-supported renewable energy initiatives. The story of ‘MAKE IN INDIA’ has reached far and wide. But who are makers of ‘MAKE IN INDIA’? What is their story? ‘Machine Maker’ is a dedicated magazine that seeks to bring the incredible stories… Read more B-201, SPIREA, Wakad, Pune – 411057 [email protected] +91-703-093-2700 Contact Us Subscribe India’s Top
An unexpected error occurred. Please try again. The practices used in conventional farming help produce large amounts of food, which of course helps farmers stay in business. However these practices also contribute to climate change. The use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, plus planting the same crop over and over in the same field, leads to lower quality soil and increased vulnerability to pests. Managing a profitable farm and practicing good climate stewardship aren’t mutually exclusive ideas. Farmers have options that make it possible to grow large amounts of food and minimize their impact, including using regenerative agriculture techniques and installing agrivoltaic systems for solar power on their land. Let’s look at how both these paths improve a farm’s resilience and support the farmer’s economic well-being. According to the Regenerative Agriculture Foundation, regenerative farming is any practice, process or management approach that enhances the functioning of the systems on which it relies that makes the land, community and bottom-line healthier year after year. Regenerative farming practices include using natural fertilizers and cover crops, eliminating mechanical soil tilling, and integrating trees into farming. These methods help promote biodiversity and maintain healthy carbon levels in the soil; they can also reduce overall agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. Regenerative farming also has the potential to increase crop yield – and also revenue – depending on how and where it is used. Organic farming, or the practice of using natural fertilizers, shows an average yield gain of 16 percent in tropical countries in Africa. In subtropical and tropical regions, using agroforestry, or integrating trees into crop land, results in a 7-16 percent increase in crop yield. Farmers that planted cover crops like legumes in areas with course-textured soil and not much rain saw an overall yield increase of 14 percent. However even when crop yields are smaller, regenerative agriculture can still result in higher revenue through decreased operational costs. A 2025 study looking at regenerative farming in the Upper Midwest compared a five-crop rotation system to a conventional corn-soybean rotation and found that the regenerative system can be just as profitable, particularly over the long term. After three years of a five-crop rotation, the revenue produced was similar to that of the two-crop system, likely because of the need for less spending on pesticides, spraying, fertilizers, and tractor use. Prioritizing climate sustainability doesn’t have to mean an unprofitable farm. Regenerative agriculture can offer financial stability, but it’s not the only option farmers have. In the short term, switching to regenerative farming can be a financial risk due to unpredictable initial crop yields, so finding a secondary income source can be a lifesaver for farmers. Arivoltaics, or solar panels integrated into an agriculture system, allow farmers to earn money in two ways: from selling products and from producing or selling electricity. This extra energy income can help farmers become less affected by unpredictable crop price fluctuations and protect them from financial losses caused by extreme weather conditions. However, agrivoltaic systems can be expensive to install because they require taller, stronger, and more complex structures than regular ground-mounted solar panels. Some studies estimate the cost to be about 5 to 40 percent higher than conventional solar panel installations, though newer designs and distributed manufacturing may help lower costs and improve payback period, which is already less than 10 years on average. Even with the high installation costs, a 2025 systematic review found that agrivoltaic systems can provide several benefits beyond renewable electricity. These systems may improve water-use efficiency in hot climates by up to 150-300 percent through providing shade. They also enhance land-use efficiency by up to 200 percent, reduce the need for irrigation by 14 percent, and increase revenue by up to 15 times. In addition, shade from the panels helps reduce heat stress in livestock and the physical structure itself creates a shield, reducing potential wind damage to crops and the earth. However, these potential benefits don’t mean that agrivoltaics will work equally well everywhere. The success of these systems depends on the location of the farm, soil and crop type, and the layout of the solar panels. A 2026 PNAS study gives a good example of these mixed results. It found that agrivoltaics performed differently in locations across the U.S. Midwest. In the more humid, eastern Midwest, agrivoltaics reduced crop yields and farm profits, while in semiarid western Midwest locations, solar panel shade helped reduce water stress, improving crop growth. One lesson we can take from this study is that agrivoltaics may be most useful in hotter or drier climates. While regenerative agriculture and agrivoltaics have their trade offs, they offer farmers a hopeful path forward. Regenerative agriculture can rebuild soil health, reduce dependence on expensive fertilizers and pesticides, and even increase yields when matched to the right climate and crop, while agrivoltaics add another layer of economic support and provide shade and wind protection. Together these practices show that farming does not have to choose between profit and environmental responsibility. When carefully planned for local conditions, regenerative agriculture and agrivoltaics can help farmers earn money, protect their land, and build farms that actively fight against global warming. Check out our other articles on regenerative farming, soil health, and all things food. This article is available for republishing on your website, newsletter, magazine, newspaper, or blog. The accompanying imagery is cleared for use with attribution. Please ensure that the author’s name and their affiliation with EARTHDAY.ORG are credited. Kindly inform us if you republish so we can acknowledge, tag, or repost your content. You may notify us via email at [email protected]. Want more articles? Follow us on substack.
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By VIVIENNE AGUILAR The Modesto Focus A creative solution to water scarcity and land use is taking shape in the northern San Joaquin Valley – with hopes that this first-in-California concept will spread to the rest of the state. What started as a study by UC Merced researchers in 2021 has become a reality in Stanislaus County canals. On Wednesday regional and state officials, farmers, scientists, students, business leaders and more were invited to tour the first proof-of-concept sites for an innovative project to place solar panels over irrigation canals. Called Project Nexus, the idea was to study how the solar panels could generate carbon-free energy while at the same time reducing water evaporation and algae growth. Spearheaded by municipal water agency Turlock Irrigation District, the initiative includes a completed site in Hickman, about 45-minutes east of Modesto, and a smaller site in Ceres. At the event, the research team joined several partners to announce the next steps to understanding the cost of implementing the project at other sites along TID’s roughly 250 miles of canals. The agency serves southern parts of Stanislaus County, starting in Ceres, and northern areas of Merced County, stretching through Hilmar and Delhi. California Natural Resources Agency Secretary Wade Crowfoot said the findings from Project Nexus could have exciting applications across the state, and beyond. “I think what’s most hopeful about this project is not what it will do for this region or for TID, because, after all, it’s at pilot scale, but what we can learn from this project,” he said. California’s water scarcity has global consequences, from food distribution to tourism – so it’s no wonder that the pioneering project has received so much attention. If scalable, the impacts would have positive impacts on nearly every sector of the state’s economy. Bottom of Form In 2020, Gov. Gavin Newsom passed executive order N-82-20, which set a goal to conserve 30% of the state’s land and coastal waters by 2030. “We really can’t pass up any opportunity to find new ways of using our existing infrastructure,” John Yarbrough, deputy director of the California Department of Water Resources’ State Water Project said on Wednesday. The Valley pilot program placing solar panels over canals is only the second in the nation; Arizona has a similar project that launched in 2023. The road from study to reality ran through Sacramento, after Newsom saw the UC Merced study six years ago and texted Crowfoot – urging him to find a way to support the idea. That resulted in a $20 million state grant to build the pilot project, in partnership with TID, UC Merced and Solar Aquagrid, a consulting company. When initially looking for municipalities across the state to partner with, Crowfoot said TID was prepared to take on the project. The water agency was the first irrigation district in the state, so its leadership is vocal about bringing new innovative ways to keep the water flowing to customers in rural areas, he said. So far, the concept has met with approvals for some of the region’s toughest water usage critics – farmers. TID board member Michael Frantz said, to his surprise, even his grouchiest customers have voiced their support of the solar panel project. The pilot has two locations. The first is a “wide-span” solar covering in Hickman that covers a 115 foot-wide canal, and stretches 300 feet and runs through the Dave Wilson Nursery. With 14 concrete foundations and 1,360 solar panels, construction took seven months to complete in August 2025. In March 2025, TID began construction of its “narrow-span” coverings across the kind of slimmer canal that resembles the majority of the irrigation waterways across the district. The narrow solar covering spans 20-feet across and 1,380 linear feet. Brad Cohen, general manager of TID says the two current sites will be key in scaling the idea. “As soon as we get the net cost, I think our plan is we’re already looking at where, if this could work somewhere else but very I think they’re going to be focused developments,” he said. Between the two sites, researchers have been able to study the results of evaporation and algae buildup over the course of a full irrigation season. The initial UC Merced study looked at similar projects in Gujarat, India and Arizona. Valley researchers have been analysing the data from their sites. UC Merced Chancellor Juan Sánchez Muñoz said this kind of work is top of mind for people in all types of sectors. “It’s not just what happens in Turlock or in the Central Valley, but the kind of promises given to people in other parts of our country, this kind of innovation doesn’t happen in isolation,” he said. Over the course of the irrigation season, UC Merced researcher Brandi McKuin said the results they have seen so far show 50% to 70% reduction in evaporation under the panels, and about 85% reduction in aquatic weed growth. Now that they have these figures, McKuin’s team can begin calculating how much money the coverings can save TID and its customers on canal cleanings and maintenance and compare it to the cost of installation and upkeep. UC Merced is among seven other universities participating in the California Solar Canal Initiative, which hopes to fast-track operational solar panel canal coverings across the state, in line with California’s goals for carbon neutrality by 2045. There is more than enough work to share, and UC Merced students have the rare opportunity to contribute to a project that shoulders so many expectations. “There’s a lot of different research opportunities, and a lot of them are hypothetical,” McKuin said about the environmental engineering field, ”but this is one where there’s a real field element so they can come out.” She and UC Merced colleague Roger Bales led the initial research project in 2021. McKuin now works alongside 10 other researchers and several undergraduate students at the university, like Grant Simon and Indalecio Martinez. Simon and Martinez are helping the team find the true cost of the project, and hope to see it can be replicated statewide. Simon was impressed at how quickly the project was installed. In no time, he said he was conducting fluid simulations for the team and looks forward to learning more in the next irrigation cycle. “I feel like everyone has pride in this project,” said Martinez, a third-year mechanical engineering student. “We all want to see it implemented, and the global attention just kind of fuels the motivation.” Vivienne Aguilar is a reporter for The Modesto Focus, a project of the Central Valley Journalism Collaborative. Contact her at vivienne@themodestofocus.org.
Solar PV solutions provider Nextpower has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the power conversion assets of Spain-based Zigor Corporation and its US subsidiary, Apex Power, in a transaction valued at approximately US$80.5 million. The company said the acquisition would expand its product portfolio and capabilities in utility-scale solar power conversion and support a move into battery energy storage and data centra markets. Get Premium Subscription The deal includes US$46 million payable at closing and up to US$34.5 million in potential earnouts. Nextpower plans an additional US$50 million investment in growth initiatives related to the acquisition, including accelerating its power conversion market entry and scaling US manufacturing capacity. Production is expected to begin ramping up in 2027, Nextpower confirmed. The acquisition encompasses modular, field-deployed inverter technology suitable for utility-scale solar, battery energy storage systems (BESS) and data centre applications. The product portfolio covers 1,500V systems for new installations, 600V and 1,000V configurations for repowering projects, and is designed to accommodate 2,000V applications. The modular skid design can be configured to a maximum capacity of 5.2 MVA. Dan Shugar, founder and CEO of Nextpower, said the acquisition responds to customer demand for integrated power conversion solutions. “We will be in market with products for solar, storage, and data centres, and building out US manufacturing as quickly as is prudent,” Shugar said. “Initial customer demand is promising, and we look forward to welcoming the legacy Apex Power and Zigor team members to Nextpower once the transaction closes.” The move represents the next phase of Nextpower’s platform expansion strategy, which began with its rebranding from Nextracker in November 2025 to reflect its evolution from a pure-play tracker supplier to an integrated energy solutions provider. At that time, the company indicated it would launch utility-scale power conversion systems in 2026. In its fourth-quarter 2025 shareholder letter, Nextpower touted the move into power conversion as the next major phase in its evolution and said it had begun testing products on its new power conversion line. The company has described power conversion as offering a “meaningful opportunity to improve system efficiency, reliability, serviceability, and cybersecurity” across solar and BESS applications. Integrating inverter technology with Nextpower’s existing tracker, electrical balance of systems (eBOS), and digital platform is intended to reduce procurement complexity and enable faster project deployment. The transaction is subject to foreign direct investment approval by the Spanish government and other customary closing conditions. Once approved, the acquired assets will be integrated into Nextpower’s operations within its power-electronics platform, while Zigor will continue to operate its remaining business independently. Nextpower revealed details of the power conversion deal as it published its results for the fiscal year 2026 ending on 31 March. The company reported full-year revenue of US$3.56 billion, a 20% year-on-year increase. Its cumulative global tracker shipments surpassed 160GW in the last financial year, including 50GW of its NX Horizon-XTR terrain-following trackers. Nextpower reported Q4 FY26 GAAP gross profit of US$881 million, compared with US$924 million reported in the same quarter last year and US$909 million in Q3 FY26. In Q4 FY26, Nextpower’s GAAP net income reached US$151 million, an increase from US$131 million reported in Q3 FY26, but a small drop from the US$158 million recorded in Q4 FY25. Its Q4 FY26, Q3 FY26, and Q4 FY25 results included approximately US$47 million, US$53 million and US$67 million, respectively, of IRA 45X advanced manufacturing tax credit vendor rebates and tariffs, net. The company said it had increased bookings for new products and bundles in Q4 2026. Highlights noted by the company included increased adoption of its foundations, electrical balance of systems (eBOS), and robotics equipment quarter over quarter, record quarterly eBOS bookings, including bookings of over 100MW for its new NX PowerMerge trunk bus connector and record quarterly and annual revenue from its TrueCapture system. “Fiscal 2026 marked a defining inflection point for Nextpower as we accelerated our evolution from the solar tracker leader over the last decade to an integrated utility-scale energy technology platform,” said Shugar. “Our core tracker business remains very strong, supported by one of the highest booking quarters in our history and expanding market leadership. We are now seeing clear, measurable traction around our platform strategy, reflected in rising adoption across eBOS, foundations, and robotics solutions, early success in bundled deployments, and growing demand for new products such as NX PowerMerge.” Looking ahead, Nextpower has updated its outlook for FY2027 from US$3.6-3.8 billion to US$3.8-4.1 billion. This updated guidance includes planned incremental costs of approximately US$50 million related to the acceleration of Nextpower’s entry into the power conversion market, the company said.
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Finally, we know that plug-in solar systems are finally coming to the UK at some point soon, but so far, the lead headlines from the nationals have been about the supermarket chains that will fill the aisles with £400 systems that you can take away and connect yourself. While all systems sold must meet safety requirements, there’s a lot more to consider, including how much energy you want to generate, installation requirements, and whether you need a battery. After seeing the new Anker SOLIX Solarbank 4 E5000 Pro (freshly launched and available in Germany), it’s clear that the talk about plug-in solar in the UK has been oversimplified, and that it will be more important to buy the right system rather than the cheapest. Plug-in solar is often also referred to as balcony solar. Many of the systems are designed to use thin, light solar panels that are tied to the front of a balcony, connecting via an inverter to a regular power socket. Sounds easy, but even a lightweight solar panel is around 8kg, and it needs to be secured properly to avoid falling off. Before I buy any system, I’d want to double-check the installation instructions and make sure they all make sense, and you’re more likely to get that from a bigger manufacturer. While balcony solar is one option, plug-in solar is also designed for use with panels ground-mounted in a garden or mounted on a flat roof, such as a garage or garden office. These alternative mounting options need frames to angle the panels towards the sun, and this needs to be made clear at the point of purchase. I think there’s a real danger that systems will be bought, because people think they’re plug-in and easy to install, but the reality will be that some installations will be more complicated, and you might even want to pay a professional to do the work to get it right. While a lower price may seem good, that’s not the only metric: a solar panel’s wattage is important. Wattage is measured using Standard Test Conditions (STC), so it isn’t the amount of power generation you’ll see, but how much power a panel can produce in ideal conditions. It’s still a useful metric: the higher the wattage the more power you’ll generate from the sun. This metric has nothing to do with physical panel size, either, as two identically sized panels can have a different rated Wattage. My guess is that cheap systems will use older, lower-power panels, so you’ll see less benefit from them. According to research from global business insurer, QBE, the UK fire brigades are tackling a lithium-ion fire every five hours (or 4.8 fires per day). Most fires were from ebike batteries, with converted or retrofitted models the cause of the majority. What this statistic shows is that Li-ion batteries can be dangerous. If I bought a plug-in solar system with a battery, I would only buy from a reputable vendor with specialist knowledge in this kind of market, particularly for any batteries placed outside. With the Anker SOLIX Solarbank 4 E5000 Pro, for example, you get C5-M anti-corrosion (the highest protective coating rating), a guarantee that it will operate in temperatures down to -20°C, and an IP66 rating (fully protected against dust and protection from high-pressure water jets). This system, and ones from other reputable manufacturers, are fully designed to be installed outside, and I wouldn’t buy an outdoor battery system with lower ratings to avoid fire damage. Batteries have other important metrics, too: capacity, depth-of-discharge, and the number of charge cycles they’re rated for. With the Anker SOLIX Solarbank 4 E5000 Pro, you get a base 5kWh capacity, which is roughly around half the total power that a typical UK household will use in a day. This system is rated to last for 10,000 charge cycles at a 100% depth of discharge. So, what does that mean? A charge cycle is when the battery is charged and then discharged. The higher the number of charge cycles, the longer the battery will last for, which means you can store more power in total before the battery has to be replaced. Alongside the number of charge cycles is the rated depth of discharge. Many batteries are rated at 90% depth of discharge, which means that each charge cycle uses only 90% of the rated capacity, with the remaining 10% unused. The Anker SOLIX Solarbank 4 E5000 Pro, you get 100% depth-of-discharge, so all of that capacity is available. Before buying any solar battery, it’s important to know what to expect, how long the system will last and how much power it can hold. It’s then, the cost over a product’s lifetime that’s important. For example, Anker says that its new system has a payback time of just three-years. And, it’s an expandable system. You can add up to 30kWh of battery storage, using the stackable design, and add up to 12 solar panels for a total 5kW input. With cheaper systems, you’re likely to be stuck with what you get in the box, with no expansion available. Currently, although the UK government has said plug-in solar will be available soon, the regulations are not in place. That makes life difficult for the manufacturers, as it’s not clear what they’ll need to do to any products to make them compatible with the UK. That’s true of the Anker SOLIX Solarbank 4 E5000 Pro, which will be sold in the UK, although whether the maximum output can be used isn’t yet clear. If we look at Germany, plug-in solar devices that connect to a standard Schuko socket are limited to an 800W output. However, have a Wieland socket installed by an electrician, and the Anker SOLIX Solarbank 4 E5000 Pro can have its full 2500W output enabled. In the UK, the government has said that it’s working “with the Energy Networks Association, DNOs and Ofgem to update the G98 distribution code and wiring regulations BS 7671 to allow UK households to connect <800W plug-in solar panels to domestic mains sockets, without the need for an electrician and with tailored safety standards.” What isn’t clear is whether higher power output will be available if the system is professionally installed. That’s potentially quite a big difference. With an 800W output, you can trickle power into your home for smaller appliances, but when you exceed this limit, you’ll have to buy power in. With 2500W, you can power pretty much anything in your home, up to a lot of ovens, so you can use all of the free power you’ve generated. If the UK regulations allow for higher power inputs, and you’ve got space to put a decent number of solar panels, having a system that can feed more power in may well be worth it, even if that will be a future update as regulations evolve. I should point out that the Solarbank 4 E5000 Pro has a neat trick, in that you can directly plug a device into its 2500W input, say, powering your washing machine directly from the battery. As noted before, when I talked about whether solar panels are worth it in the UK, it’s important to maximise solar power usage. For example, running a washing machine cycle when there’s excess power. With a battery, it gets more complicated, as you want to balance charging it with solar and also use an anytime-of-use tariff to access cheap electricity. With budget systems, you’ll have to handle all of this yourself. With a more expensive system, you don’t just get the hardware, but software behind it. Using AI, with inputs from how you use power, the weather forecast and more, the system can optimise your plug-in solar, maximising free energy for charging, but balancing this out with any time-of-use tariff that you have. This level of intelligence can help unlock better savings and make any system deliver more. Rather than just going for the lowest price for a plug-in solar system, it’s more important to get one that has a longer life, better warranty, wider installation options (with help if needed), and the option to expand to meet future needs. Starting life on the consumer PC press back in 1998, David has been at the forefront of technology for the past 20 years. He has edited Computer Shopper and Expert Reviews, and once wrote a book on how to build a PC, before moving to Trusted Reviews in 2018 to take over the growing Home Technology section. He covers all home appliances, smart home and kitchen gadgets. With a cupboard full of hubs, David is a keen smart home enthusiast with a house that’s controlled via Alexa (which needs only occasionally to be shouted at when something’s not quite working). A keen cook and a self-professed coffee snob, David’s keen to expand his section’s coverage and bring the best cooking and cleaning kit to Trusted Reviews. You can find David online mostly tweeting about kittens, which he regularly fosters for a local charity. Founded in 2003, Trusted Reviews exists to give our readers thorough, unbiased and independent advice on what to buy. Today, we have millions of users a month from around the world, and assess more than 1,000 products a year. Editorial independence means being able to give an unbiased verdict about a product or company, with the avoidance of conflicts of interest. To ensure this is possible, every member of the editorial staff follows a clear code of conduct. We also expect our journalists to follow clear ethical standards in their work. 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Advertisement We independently review everything we recommend. When you buy through our links, we may earn a commission. Learn more› By Sarah Witman Sarah Witman is a writer focused on batteries and charging accessories. She has spent countless hours charging, discharging, and recharging batteries. Our top pick is currently unavailable, so we’re in the process of testing new models to replace it (see: What to look forward to). In the meantime, our budget pick is solid. Whether you’re backpacking in the Himalayas or working in your backyard, a portable solar battery charger offers a vast supply of power that you can easily fold up and carry with you. While the sun is out, you can catch rays to charge a phone, a laptop, and other small electronics, and (when paired with a separate power bank) you can keep them running long after sundown. The Allpowers SP012 Solar Panel 100W is the best portable solar charger for anyone who needs to keep their gadgets charged and stay connected during a power outage or off-grid adventure. It packs a lot of power into a relatively small package, works seamlessly with most phones and other devices, has a rugged build and good weatherproofing, and comes with more useful accessories than the competition. This lightweight charger is powerful for its size and lets you charge up to four devices at once. It’s bulkier than some models and lacks a built-in kickstand, but it includes some handy accessories. May be out of stock This solar charger is one of the lightest we’ve tested, and it’s easy to slip into a backpack. Its rated output is lower than most, but it’s still powerful enough to charge most phones at top speed. May be out of stock This lightweight charger is powerful for its size and lets you charge up to four devices at once. It’s bulkier than some models and lacks a built-in kickstand, but it includes some handy accessories. May be out of stock Most portable solar battery chargers have just a few panels to catch the sun’s rays, but the Allpowers SP012 Solar Panel 100W has an expansive array of 15 panels to soak up as much sunlight as possible. It measures 3 by 3 feet when unfolded, and since it weighs just 4.9 pounds, it can be easily toted around with you. It performed relatively well in our cumulative power tests, fully charging our 10,000 mAh power bank in six hours. With a rated output of 100 watts, it has three USB output ports (one USB-C and two USB-A) and a DC port that can charge a wide variety of devices. An additional DC port can also be used to connect a second solar panel for even more power generation. It comes with more accessories than most models: four carabiners, five DC adapters, DC and Micro-USB charging cables, and car jumper cables. And its IP65 weatherproof rating means it’s well protected against blowing dust and water. It’s bulkier than some options we tested (4 inches thick when folded), but it’s still quite portable. It lacks a built-in kickstand, which some other models have to more easily tilt their panels toward the sun, but small loops around the edges allow you to hang it at the optimal angle. This solar charger is one of the lightest we’ve tested, and it’s easy to slip into a backpack. Its rated output is lower than most, but it’s still powerful enough to charge most phones at top speed. May be out of stock If you want something smaller, lighter, and less expensive than the Allpowers SP012, and you can live with a bit less power, you should get the BigBlue 28W USB Solar Charger. Despite having just four panels and a lower output rating (28 W), it can top off a phone or other small device about as fast in the same sun conditions (it charged our power bank in just five hours). It’s also lighter than the Allpowers model (1.4 pounds), and it folds up into a compact package about the size of a paperback novel (11 inches by 6 inches by 1 inch). This makes it even easier to slip into a daypack or an emergency go-bag. BigBlue’s charger has three USB-A ports, which are covered by a rubber flap to shield them from the elements when not in use. Its IPX4 rating means it’s protected against water spills and splashes, though it has minimal resistance to dust and other solid particles. Like the Allpowers charger, it comes with four carabiners, so you can hang it at an angle using built-in metal grommets. It also comes with a USB charging cable. Writer Sarah Witman has been a science journalist for nearly a decade, covering a wide variety of topics from particle physics to satellite remote sensing. Since joining Wirecutter in 2017, she’s reported on surge protectors, portable power stations, home EV chargers, and more. For this guide: A portable solar battery charger is a great option if you’re taking an extended camping trip or traveling somewhere with an unreliable power grid, as it’ll allow you to charge a phone the size of an iPhone 15 using just a few hours of midday sun. The best ones have enough power to charge several devices at once — say, a laptop, lantern, and portable Bluetooth speaker — and fold up small enough to fit in a backpack, glovebox, or bike pannier. They’re also good to stash in an emergency kit so you can keep a phone and other essential devices charged if the power goes out. However, since they’re largely dependent on the weather, you’ll also want to pack a power bank designed for phones and tablets, USB-C laptops, or AC-powered laptops. If you’re going to be mostly stationary, or if you need to keep power-hungry devices like a space heater and refrigerator running, you’ll probably be more interested in the larger setups that we cover in our guides to the best portable power stations and portable generators. We scoured the websites of top electronics brands and retailers, as well as companies that specialize in outdoor and disaster-prep gear, to amass a list of the available offerings. We then culled our testing pool based on the following criteria: We then put each model through its paces with the following tests: This lightweight charger is powerful for its size and lets you charge up to four devices at once. It’s bulkier than some models and lacks a built-in kickstand, but it includes some handy accessories. May be out of stock The Allpowers SP012 Solar Panel 100W is what we’d pack for a week in the woods or a month in Malawi. It has an impressively large surface area for catching every last ray of sunlight when unfolded, and a high output rating to match. Plus, it’s lighter than most models we tested, has a wide variety of output ports, and includes an abundance of useful accessories. It’s as powerful (or more so) than some models weighing and/or costing much more. The Allpowers SP012 is made up of 15 solar panels and measures 3 by 3 feet when unfolded, so it can soak up as much sunlight as possible. At the same time, it weighs just 4.9 pounds (about as much as a standard bag of flour), so it’s highly portable. With a rated maximum output of 100 watts, this model has the potential to charge most phones, tablets, or even a laptop at top speed. While it’s unlikely you’ll get that much power most of the time — in general, solar panels rarely reach their full rated output, even on a sunny day — it performed relatively well in our power tests, bringing our 10,000 mAh power bank from empty to fully charged in six hours. It’s compatible with most devices. It has four output ports (one DC, one USB-C, and two USB-A), so as long as you bring the right charging cables, you can charge your phone, Bluetooth speaker, lantern, or other common devices. Plus, a second DC port allows you to attach another solar charger to capture even more power. (As of this writing, the online listings for this charger don’t reflect that it has a USB-C port, but a representative for the company confirmed that this is an error.) It’s well designed. Throughout our testing, the Allpowers SP012 seemed durable and sturdily built, withstanding hours of outdoor use. It has a strip of Velcro to keep it in a neat bundle when you’re not using it, and a small pocket is handy for storing a few charging cables. It’s protected against the elements. It also has a IP65 weatherization rating, meaning it’s able to resist damage from dust and other solid particles, as well as splashing or spraying liquids. It’s made by a reputable brand. Allpowers backs this model with an 18-month warranty, giving you plenty of time to use it and ensure you don’t have a dud. We’ve generally found the company’s customer support to be helpful and responsive, too. It comes with lots of accessories. Included with this model are four small carabiners (to hang the charger at an angle or keep it from blowing away), five DC adapters (to charge a wider variety of devices), a DC-to-DC cable (to charge a device with a DC port, or to daisy-chain multiple chargers together), car jumper cables (to jump-start a car battery), and a Micro-USB charging cable (to charge a pair of wireless earbuds or another small device). The Allpowers SP012 is bulkier than some options we tested. When folded, it’s about 4 inches thick, but it’s still small enough to tuck into a backpack or glovebox. It lacks a built-in kickstand. We found this convenient with some other contenders to more easily tilt their panels toward the sun. However, the Allpowers charger has small loops around the edges that make it easy to hang at the optimal angle (say, from a tent or clothesline), or you can simply prop it up against a car, boulder, or other stationary object. This solar charger is one of the lightest we’ve tested, and it’s easy to slip into a backpack. Its rated output is lower than most, but it’s still powerful enough to charge most phones at top speed. May be out of stock If you’re on a tight budget, the BigBlue 28W USB Solar Charger is a great alternative to our top pick at a fraction of the cost (as of this writing). It performed about the same in our power tests — though, since it has fewer solar panels and a lower output rating, it may struggle to charge several devices at once, or even one power-hungry device — and it has similar port options. It’s smaller and lighter than the Allpowers SP012 and just as sturdily built, but it’s less weatherized, and it comes with fewer accessories. It’s super light and compact. When folded up, the BigBlue measures 11 by 6 by 1 inches, which isn’t much bigger than a paperback novel. It’s also one of the lightest models we tested, weighing just 1 pound 4 ounces (or about as much as a can of soup). Like the Allpowers model, it has a strip of Velcro to keep it neatly bundled, as well as a small pocket to hold your charging cables. It punches above its weight in terms of output. This model has four panels to catch the sun’s rays, plus three USB-A output ports so you can charge up to three devices simultaneously. With a rated maximum output of 28 W, it has less potential for power generation than most models we tested, but that’s still enough to charge a phone or other small device at full power. In our testing, it charged our 10,000 mAh power bank in five hours; like our top pick, it should be able to charge most phones in a few hours. It lacks USB-C ports. USB-C ports can charge most devices much faster than USB-A ports, and they’re becoming much more common. We’d prefer to see at least one of them on this model, but just be prepared for slower charging times from its three USB-A ports (especially when charging two or more devices at a time, since the ports split their power between them) and be sure to pack compatible cables. It’s relatively rugged, but not very weatherized. This model has a sleek look and feels sturdily built. Furthermore, ours is in great shape after weathering dozens of camping trips, hikes, and other outings over the past four years. Its IPX4 weatherization rating means it’s protected against water spills and splashes, though it has minimal resistance to dust and other solid particles. Its charging ports are covered by both a cloth flap and a rubber cover (the latter is helpfully connected by a small tether so you don’t lose it), providing extra protection against the elements. It comes with some handy extras, but not as many as our top pick. Like the Allpowers SP012, the BigBlue comes with four carabiners, so you can hang it at an angle using its built-in metal grommets, or attach it to the outside of a backpack for on-the-go charging. To power your gear, it also comes with a USB-C cable. One of the wonderful things about solar power is its simplicity. The only maintenance most solar panels require is keeping them relatively clean and free of dust. A damp cloth should do the trick most of the time. To maximize the power output, you should angle the panels correctly. Even if you don’t get the angle exactly right, a rough approximation can noticeably increase your power production. If you want to get the most juice, use an online solar-tilt calculator (we like this one from Footprint Hero) to determine the best angle for the time of year and location. You can then use a protractor to angle your panels accordingly (there are oodles of free protractor apps available for Android and iPhone, or you can use this handy Chrome extension), take a photo of the entire setup on your phone, and try your best to replicate it out in the wild. Batteries don’t fare well in heat, so you should set your device beneath the panels while it’s charging, or shade it some other way to keep it from overheating and shutting down. We have more guidance on how to safely charge and store batteries. We plan to test a new batch of portable solar panels against our existing picks this summer, including models from Allpowers, Ampace, Anker, BioLite, EcoFlow, Goal Zero, Jackery, Nestout, Renogy, and Zendure. We also plan to test several third-party adapter cables at that time, including the SolarEnz Solar Connector to DC8mm Adapter Cable and Paekq Solar Panel Connector to DC 8mm Adapter Cable, which can be used to connect solar panels with an MC4 connector to portable power stations with a DC connector. This is not a comprehensive list of models we’ve tested. We have removed discontinued models and those that no longer meet our criteria. The Biolite SolarPanel 100 offers plenty of power for its size and price, and it has a good variety of output options. However, it performed poorly in our power tests, it has no included accessories, it doesn’t list an IP rating, and the build quality is lackluster (it’s made mostly of plastic, and a port cover ripped off during our testing). The EcoFlow 160W Portable Solar Panel and EcoFlow 220W Bifacial Portable Solar Panel offer less power for the size and price compared with our picks, and their lack of DC and USB ports (they have only MC4 connectors) makes them less versatile. However, if you already have a portable power station with compatible ports (or if you find a good deal on a bundle) and you don’t mind the extra bulk, both models are sturdily built and made by a brand we trust. The FlexSolar 20W Portable Solar Charger is super light, inexpensive, and weatherized, and it comes with some useful accessories. However, it performed poorly in our power tests, and it’s not as ruggedly built as most contenders (it has no port covers, no fabric casing, and no Velcro closure). The Goal Zero Nomad 100 offers plenty of power for its size and price, it has a handy built-in kickstand, and it’s made by a brand we trust. However, it performed just so-so in our power tests, it has no listed IP rating, and it doesn’t come with any accessories. The Hiluckey Outdoor USB-C Portable Power Bank with 4 Solar Panels performed poorly in our power tests, it seems cheaply made, and it has no listed IP rating. Also, the built-in power bank is not very useful — it charges itself before it’ll charge anything else — and since batteries can easily overheat when left in the sun, it seems fatally flawed. The Jackery SolarSaga 100W Solar Panel offers less power for the size and price compared with our picks, but it’s still a good option if you already have a Jackery portable power station (or if you can get a good deal on a bundle) and you don’t mind the extra bulk. The Jackery SolarSaga 200W Solar Panel costs and weighs more than twice as much as the 100 W version, and it has no USB ports. This article was edited by Ben Keough and Erica Ogg. Sarah Witman I research and test a wide variety of batteries, including some that are smaller than a Tootsie Roll (for tiny gadgets such as a stylus or penlight) or bigger than an overweight English bulldog (to keep vital electronics running during a power outage or camping trip). To test chargers, I’ve spent countless hours waiting for the batteries in my phone, laptop, and other household appliances to die—just so I could recharge them. Outside of my usual coverage areas, I’ve reported on the best wooden pencils, mousetraps, massage chairs, and scented candles for Wirecutter. by Tim Heffernan Here’s a power-outage plan for when you can’t rely on fossil fuels. by Sarah Witman If you’re going off the grid or prepping for an emergency, we’ve found the best backup batteries for every need. Our top pick is the EcoFlow River 2 Pro. by Harry Sawyers by Sarah Witman Advertisement Wirecutter is the product recommendation service from The New York Times. Our journalists combine independent research with (occasionally) over-the-top testing so you can make quick and confident buying decisions. Whether it’s finding great products or discovering helpful advice, we’ll help you get it right (the first time).
SadaNews – The idea of generating electricity from building facades is no longer confined to traditional solar panels on rooftops. Researchers from Nanyang Technological University in Singapore have developed a new type of ultra-thin, semi-transparent solar cells that could pave the way for integrating solar energy into windows, glass facades, and potentially cars and wearable devices, without significantly altering their external appearance. Cells That Are Almost Invisible The research team is led by Professor Annalisa Bruno from Nanyang Technological University. The researchers managed to produce solar cells from perovskite with an absorption layer thickness of only 10 nanometers, making them about 10,000 times thinner than a human hair and about 50 times thinner than traditional perovskite cells. Despite this limited thickness, the cells achieved efficiency levels that are among the best recorded in the category of ultra-thin solar cells of this kind. The significance of these cells comes not only from their thinness but also from their semi-transparent and color-neutral nature. This means that they can be integrated into glass and windows without turning buildings into dark surfaces or significantly altering the appearance of facades. Practically, windows could become part of the energy-producing infrastructure rather than just an architectural element that lets in light. Why Perovskite? Traditional solar cells often rely on silicon, but they tend to be opaque and require dedicated spaces such as rooftops or solar fields. On the other hand, perovskite cells can be manufactured using simpler methods and at relatively low temperatures, and can be tuned to absorb specific wavelengths of light while allowing some visible light to pass through. Professor Bruno states that the built environment consumes about 40 percent of global energy, so there is an increasing need for technologies that can convert the surfaces of buildings themselves into sources of energy. She sees the new perovskite cells as providing a significant advantage because they can be manufactured through relatively simple processes, and their optical properties can be adjusted to remain partially transparent, with potential scalability over large areas. This point is crucial for dense cities, where rooftops are not always sufficient for installing a large number of solar panels. The glass facades in towers and commercial buildings represent a vast area that is often underutilized for electricity generation. Performance Under Indirect Light One of the advantages of perovskite cells is their ability to generate electricity even in conditions of indirect or diffuse light. This makes them suitable for urban environments where shadows, clouds, or the angle of sunlight may limit the effectiveness of traditional panels, particularly on vertical facades. According to preliminary estimates provided by the researchers, if this technology is scaled up while maintaining similar performance, a large glass facade in an office building could generate several hundred megawatt-hours annually. This amounts to, as cited in the study, the annual electricity consumption of about 100 four-room apartments in Singapore, with results varying based on the usable glass area and the building’s orientation. Manufacturing without Toxic Solvents To produce these ultra-thin cells, the researchers used an industrial method known as thermal evaporation. In this process, materials are heated inside a vacuum chamber until they vaporize, then deposited on a specific surface to form a uniform thin layer. This method helps in precisely controlling the thickness of the perovskite layers, avoids the use of some toxic solvents, and reduces defects within the cell, which can improve its ability to convert light into electricity. The team believes that this is the first time ultra-thin perovskite cells have been made entirely using vacuum-based processes. If the scalability of this process is proven, it could become more suitable for large-scale industrial production compared to some other laboratory-based techniques. Efficiency and Transparency Figures The researchers successfully manufactured opaque perovskite cells with varying thicknesses. The cells achieved a power conversion efficiency of around 7 percent at a thickness of 10 nanometers, 11 percent at 30 nanometers, and 12 percent at 60 nanometers. The semi-transparent cell with a layer thickness of 60 nanometers allowed about 41 percent of visible light to pass through, with a conversion efficiency of 7.6 percent. These figures do not imply that the technology competes with traditional silicon panels in absolute efficiency, but they offer a degree of transparency while generating useful electricity. This is the essence of applications like solar windows or energy-producing glass facades, where dark or opaque panels cannot always be used. Potential Uses The most obvious application is in buildings, as these cells can be used in windows, glass facades, and architectural surfaces that are difficult to cover with traditional solar panels. However, the researchers also point to other potentials, such as car windows or glass roofs that help charge the battery while parked under the sun, or smart glasses that exploit lenses to power small electronic components. These uses are still within the realm of research potential and are not yet ready for commercial products. However, they reflect a broader trend in solar energy where the focus shifts from installing panels in specific places to integrating electricity generation within everyday materials and surfaces. What Is Still Missing? Despite the promising results, there are still challenges to reach commercial use. An independent comment from Professor Sam Stranks of the University of Cambridge notes that the results provide a promising balance between transparency and energy generation, but the next critical tests will focus on long-term stability, durability, and performance over larger areas. These points are essential because windows and facades do not operate inside a laboratory. They are exposed to heat, humidity, dust, sunlight, and constant cleaning, and need a long operational life. Therefore, the success of the cell in the lab is not sufficient on its own to prove its ability to function in a building, car, or wearable device for years. Nanyang University has filed a patent application related to the development of these ultra-thin films, and the researchers are in discussions with companies to verify and standardize the manufacturing process while continuing to work on improving stability, durability, and performance over large areas. City Energy from Glass This study comes at a time when cities are under increasing pressure to generate clean energy without needing additional land. Solar panels on rooftops are important, but they do not utilize all available spaces in high-density urban areas. Glass and vertical facades could potentially become an additional layer for electricity generation in the future if transparent or semi-transparent cells successfully overcome challenges of efficiency, durability, and large-scale production.
PV-SMaRT field-testing equipment monitoring underground soil moisture at a New York PV facility. Photo from Scott McArt, Cornell University The Photovoltaic Stormwater Management Research and Testing (PV-SMaRT) project is developing and disseminating research-based, PV-specific tools and best practices for stormwater management and water quality at ground-mounted PV sites. To achieve PV-SMaRT’s goal, NLR is partnering with the University of Minnesota, Great Plains Institute, and Fresh Energy. Many jurisdictions treat ground-mounted PV facilities as predominantly impervious surfaces or surfaces that do not allow water to soak into the ground. However, rather than acting like a paved surface, rainwater can generally infiltrate under elevated PV arrays. Because current stormwater runoff models used by local and state jurisdictions were not designed for ground-mounted PV, the stormwater permitting process can impose costly additional stormwater infrastructure requirements. Often, additional land must be leased or purchased for stormwater mitigation measures, such as detention ponds. The permitting process also often lacks accuracy and leaves unanswered questions for jurisdictions when they attempt to evaluate applications for risks and opportunities associated with ground-mounted PV facilities. Through its research and analysis, the PV-SMaRT project aims to address the stormwater and water quality challenges facing PV facilities in most jurisdictions. PV-SMaRT’s research and modeling highlight four factors that should be considered in stormwater management and water quality permitting for PV arrays (in order of greatest impact): Compaction—managing soil compaction and bulk density across the site Soil depth—including soil depth (rooting depth) in stormwater modeling and design Ground cover—installing, establishing, and maintaining appropriate vegetated ground cover between and under the arrays to facilitate infiltration Disconnection—ensuring appropriate distance between arrays for infiltration. These factors are drawn from the report Best Practices: Photovoltaic Stormwater Management Research and Testing (PV-SMaRT), published by the Great Plains Institute, a PV-SMaRT partner. PV-SMaRT has developed an easy-to-use calculator to estimate stormwater runoff from ground-mounted PV arrays. This calculator is based on research and hydrologic modeling conducted at a set of research sites featuring diverse climatic, topographic, and soil conditions, with either fixed or tracking solar arrays, and vegetation that included pollinators, grass, or cover crops. Climatic and hydrologic field measurements at each site were used to develop a two-dimensional numerical model for stormwater runoff based on specific combinations of a wide range in 24-hour design storms, soil textures, crop rooting depth, soil bulk densities, presence or absence of solar arrays, spacing of solar arrays, type of ground cover, and slope steepness values. To learn how to use the calculator, watch this recording of a webinar hosted by Fresh Energy. The PV-SMaRT project is using five ground-mounted PV sites in the United States to study stormwater infiltration and runoff. These sites represent a range of elevations, slopes, soil types, and geographical locations. The unique conditions at each site are being characterized, and measurements are being taken of soil infiltration, runoff, site vegetation density, speciation and rooting depth, precipitation, and drip edge runoff. Minnesota’s site has a 3.4-megawatt (MW) DC, fixed-mount, two-in-portrait PV array. It has sandy soil with a pollinator mix dominated by black-eyed Susan daisies and receives 37 in. of annual rainfall. Equipment was installed in June 2020 and will operate for 2 years. New York’s site has an 18-MW DC, fixed-mount, two-in-portrait PV array. It has silt loam soil with a tall grass and clover mix, is ungrazed or grazed by sheep, and receives 49 in. of annual rainfall. Equipment was installed in June 2020 and will operate for 2 years. Oregon’s site has a 9.9-MW DC, tracking, two-in-portrait PV array. It’s a flat site with clay soil, a diverse pollinator seed mix, and 16 in. of annual rainfall. Equipment was installed in August 2020 and will operate for 2 years. Colorado’s site has a 1-MW DC, tracking, one-in-portrait PV array. It has clay soil and pollinator-friendly vegetation and receives 16 in. of annual rainfall. Equipment was installed in September 2020 and will operate for 2 years. Georgia’s site has a 1.3-MW DC, tracking, one-in-portrait PV array. It’s a flat site with sandy clay soil, mowed cover crops, a high-diversity pollinator mix, and 49 in. of annual rainfall. Equipment was installed in September 2020 and will operate for 2 years. The PV-SMaRT water quality task force works closely with the project team to provide feedback and guidance on the technical analysis, modeling, validation, and creation of water quality best practices. The task force is made up of individuals who represent a variety of views and stakeholder groups, including water quality experts, stormwater professionals, and solar industry representatives. Task force members understand the landscape of technical, strategic, permitting, and ground-mounted PV site development issues to meeting water quality goals. Task force members include: Measuring and Modeling Soil Moisture and Runoff at Solar Farms Using a Disconnected Impervious Surface Approach, Vadose Zone Journal (2024) Best Practices: Photovoltaic Stormwater Management Research and Testing (PV-SMaRT), Great Plains Institute Report (2023) Creating Water Quality Value in Ground-Mounted Solar Photovoltaic Sites, International Erosion Control Association News Story (2022) PV-SMaRT: Potential Stormwater Barriers and Opportunities, Great Plains Institute (2021) InSPIRE: Innovative Solar Practices Integrated With Rural Economies and Ecosystems Website, OpenEI James McCall Energy and Environment Analyst [email protected] 303-275-3759 Share Last Updated May 7, 2026 The National Laboratory of the Rockies is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Critical Minerals and Energy Innovation, operated under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308.
Flat Glass Group Co Ltd has outlined its 2024 dividend proposal while investors watch solar glass pricing and overseas expansion. We look at the latest disclosures and how the Chinese producer’s business model ties into global photovoltaic demand for US-focused portfolios. Flat Glass Group Co Ltd, a major Chinese producer of photovoltaic and architectural glass, has recently updated investors on its dividend proposal for 2024 and broader capital allocation, according to a shareholder meeting notice and related disclosures published on the company’s investor relations site in April 2025, as referenced by Hong Kong exchange filings and company materials dated in the same period (Flat Glass investor information as of 04/2025; HKEX filings as of 04/2025). Lead: While the article focuses on structural aspects of Flat Glass Group Co Ltd’s business and its relevance for international equity investors, the backdrop is a combination of the company’s recent dividend plans and ongoing investment in new solar glass capacity. In its annual report for the year ended December 31, 2024, published in early April 2025, the company reported revenue and profit trends shaped by volatility in photovoltaic glass prices and indicated continued capital expenditure on production lines, according to its English-language financial report and summary distributed through Hong Kong’s market information platform (Flat Glass annual report information as of 04/2025). As of: 05/16/2026 By the editorial team – specialized in equity coverage. Flat Glass Group Co Ltd is primarily engaged in the research, production and sale of glass products, with a particular focus on photovoltaic glass used in solar modules, according to its corporate profile and product descriptions on its official website (Flat Glass company profile as of 03/2025). The company operates multiple production bases in China and has built a portfolio that includes ultra-clear rolled glass, coated glass and related deep-processed products tailored to solar applications. The business model is closely linked to long-term contracts and framework agreements with major photovoltaic module manufacturers. Flat Glass typically supplies glass sheets that are integrated into solar panels, with revenues influenced by both volume growth in global solar installations and spot pricing dynamics within the photovoltaic glass segment, as highlighted in its 2024 annual report and management discussion published in April 2025 (Flat Glass annual report information as of 04/2025). This positions the company as a midstream supplier in the solar value chain rather than a project developer or power producer. Beyond photovoltaic glass, Flat Glass also produces float glass and processed architectural glass used in construction, automotive and other industrial applications. However, in recent years management has emphasized the photovoltaic segment as the primary growth driver, supported by capacity expansion projects and technology upgrades that aim to improve energy efficiency and reduce production costs, according to corporate presentations and investor communications released in 2024 and 2025 (Flat Glass product overview as of 11/2024). For investors, this business model means that Flat Glass’s financial performance is sensitive to changes in global solar installation growth, technology shifts in module design that affect glass thickness and specifications, and policy developments in key markets such as China, Europe and the United States. When module makers accelerate orders, capacity utilization at Flat Glass’s production lines tends to increase, supporting revenue and margins, whereas periods of oversupply and price declines can pressure profitability, as reflected in management’s commentary on the 2024 results in April 2025 (Flat Glass results commentary as of 04/2025). The core revenue driver for Flat Glass is its photovoltaic glass segment, which supplies ultra-clear rolled glass and coated products to global solar panel manufacturers. According to the company’s 2024 annual report released in April 2025, this segment accounted for the majority of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024, supported by continued expansion of solar installations worldwide and the commissioning of new production lines (Flat Glass annual report information as of 04/2025). Exact segment revenue figures and growth rates are disclosed in the report’s financial statements and segment notes. Product-wise, Flat Glass focuses on ultra-clear glass with high transmittance, which is critical for maximizing the efficiency of photovoltaic modules. The company’s offerings include single-glass and double-glass configurations aligned with evolving module designs. As module makers increasingly adopt bifacial and high-power panels that require durable and high-performance glass, Flat Glass has been investing in process optimization and technology upgrades, including improvements to coating technologies and tempering processes, according to technical descriptions and project updates featured on its website in 2024 and early 2025 (Flat Glass product overview as of 11/2024). Pricing remains a key lever for revenue. The photovoltaic glass market has seen periods of tight supply and elevated prices followed by phases of increased competition and price normalization. Management commentary in the 2024 results discussion, published alongside the annual report in April 2025, notes that market conditions in 2024 included both price volatility and ongoing capacity additions across the industry, which influenced average selling prices and margin profiles (Flat Glass results commentary as of 04/2025). For investors, the balance between volume growth and price changes is central to assessing revenue trajectories. In addition to core photovoltaic glass, Flat Glass generates revenue from architectural and float glass products used in building facades, interior applications and other industrial uses. While these lines may represent a smaller portion of overall turnover compared with solar glass, they can contribute to diversification and may experience different demand cycles, particularly linked to construction activity in China and other markets. The company’s 2024 report highlights that architectural glass demand was influenced by macroeconomic conditions, including property sector trends, illustrating how Flat Glass’s revenue mix spans both fast-growing renewable energy demand and more cyclical construction-driven segments (Flat Glass annual report information as of 04/2025). Export markets are another important revenue driver. Flat Glass supplies products to module manufacturers and customers outside China, including in Europe and other regions. Shipments to overseas clients are affected by logistics costs, trade policies and local demand for solar installations, as discussed in the company’s risk disclosures and market analysis sections in the 2024 annual report released in April 2025. Trade measures such as tariffs or antidumping actions can influence the economics of exporting glass, while currency movements may affect reported revenue when converted into renminbi or Hong Kong dollars. Capital expenditure on new production lines and technology upgrades also shapes future revenue potential. Flat Glass has been implementing capacity expansion plans that involve constructing additional photovoltaic glass furnaces and deep-processing facilities. According to project descriptions and announcements highlighted in its investor materials during 2024 and early 2025, these investments aim to meet anticipated growth in global solar installations and to enhance product quality, particularly for high-end modules (Flat Glass investment plans as of 12/2024). As these projects come online, the company’s ability to increase output may support revenue growth, subject to market demand and pricing conditions. Read more Additional news and developments on the stock can be explored via the linked overview pages. More news on this stockInvestor relations Flat Glass Group Co Ltd has positioned itself as a key midstream supplier in the global solar value chain, with its financial results and dividend plans reflecting both the opportunities and volatility inherent in the photovoltaic glass market. The company’s 2024 annual report, released in April 2025, indicates ongoing investment in capacity and technology, alongside exposure to pricing cycles and policy developments in major solar markets. For US-focused investors, the stock provides a way to follow trends in solar module manufacturing and global renewable energy demand via a Hong Kong-listed name, while also requiring close attention to industry competition, trade dynamics and macro conditions that can influence earnings and capital allocation. As always, diversification, individual risk tolerance and a careful review of official filings and company disclosures remain important when evaluating any equity that operates in a cyclical and policy-sensitive sector such as solar glass. Disclaimer: This article does not constitute investment advice. Stocks are volatile financial instruments.
Through its news reporting and analysis, the nonprofit Adirondack Explorer furthers the wise stewardship, public enjoyment for all, community vitality, and lasting protection of the Adirondack park. Subscribe to our print magazine Support our journalism Sign up for our emails Through its news reporting and analysis, the nonprofit Adirondack Explorer furthers the wise stewardship, public enjoyment for all, community vitality, and lasting protection of the Adirondack park. Subscribe to our print magazine Support our journalism Sign up for our emails Adirondack Explorer The only independent, nonprofit news organization solely dedicated to reporting on the Adirondack Park. High tariffs, federal and state policy changes and increased costs of connecting to the electrical grid have suspended the largest permitted solar project in the Adirondack Park. The planned 40-megawatt facility is slated to harvest the sun’s power on about 200 acres of the Close brothers’ 800-acre dairy farm, a fifth-generation operation that overlooks Great Sacandaga Lake in the town of Mayfield. Canadian solar developer Boralex received its permit through the state Office of Renewable Energy Siting and Electric Transmission (ORES) last April. The permit for the project, called Foothills Solar, requires commercial operation within seven years. But site work has been stagnant, and Boralex spokesperson Zack Hutchins confirmed that conditions to build are not ideal at this time. Keep up with the stories that matter. Google recently introduced a feature allowing you to customize your search results to prioritize content from sources you trust. ADD THE EXPLORER AS A PREFERRED SOURCE
“We want to make it happen,” Hutchins said. “We’re just dealing with the realities right now of the costs associated with this type of development.” Farmer Jon Close, who has a lease with Boralex to supplement the income of his 70-cow dairy, said the economics of the solar project is another side effect of “the way the world is” these days. He likened the project to making stew in a crock pot and waiting for some of the ingredients to cook a while longer. One of the problems: A flood of projects in various stages of development, all jockeying for access to the state’s electrical grid. The New York Independent System Operator (NYISO) is a nonprofit organization that keeps track of the state’s electrical grid. NYISO conducts engineering and electrical studies of major projects connecting to New York’s grid to ensure the grid capacity is there and determine what infrastructure might need upgrading. Before the state passed the 2019 Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act, NYISO had just a few projects to review each year. But once the state became a staunch promoter of renewable energy projects, NYISO became flooded with hundreds of projects to study, all at different levels in the review process. Some developers didn’t even own the land or have a lease in place for where they were proposing a project. Marguerite Wells, executive director of the Alliance for Clean Energy New York, said energy developers were “throwing spaghetti at the wall to see what stuck.” “NYISO was tired of having a backlog of projects that were not real, and yet they were having to spend time and effort studying them as if they were real, only to discover that the developers had already walked away and weren’t serious anymore,” Wells said. As a result, NYISO began a new process called a cluster study. The two-year review involves looking at all energy projects intending to connect to the grid. There are fees to join the study and steep fines for leaving the study. The financial collateral is intended to focus NYISO’s time and effort on serious projects and weed out the more speculative ones. The first round of projects are currently in the second year of the cluster study. Kevin Lanahan, senior vice president of external affairs and corporate communications for NYISO, said: “Improvements to the Cluster Study process continues to be a top priority for the NYISO.” Wells said the changes have helped the state hone in on projects that are ready. This summer, New York will see the most construction of renewable energy projects in its history, she said. With its ORES permit in hand and Close waiting for panels to arrive, it’s hard to put the Foothills Solar project in the speculative category. But without the grid study, Boralex is unable to bid for a contract with the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) to move forward. For Boralex, the changing process has meant more money for a smaller return at a time when high tariffs and inflation are impacting development across the board. While the 40-megawatt project is twice the size of the next largest permitted solar facility in the Adirondack Park, by statewide standards, the project is small. No matter the size of a project, the costs for grid upgrades don’t scale, Hutchins added. Foothills Solar was originally part of NYISO’s first cluster study, but Boralex backed out. “For a 200-megawatt project like one of the ones we’re developing up near the Canadian border, the interconnection costs can be near or similar to a 40-megawatt project like Foothills Solar,” Hutchins said. “A 200-megawatt project can absorb that cost farther than a 40-megawatt one can.” Hutchins hopes that the renewable energy industry, the state and utility companies can work together on minimizing the cost of upgrades or finding a way to share the costs across projects. Wells said ACENY is currently studying why so many projects withdrew from NYISO’s first cluster study, suspecting the study began to show a high price tag for connecting to the grid. Wells said she’s unsure why utility companies have quoted such high costs. In some cases she thinks they have quadrupled in price from what she normally would have expected. “If that trend continues, we’re not going to build any more projects, Adirondack Park or not,” she said. On Thursday, Close said he was looking at the sun shining on Great Sacandaga Lake. He’d been up early preparing to plant corn. Inflation and tariffs have hit his farming business, too. He has added beef cows to the mix. Selling milk isn’t enough on its own at his dairy’s size, and Close doesn’t want a bigger herd. He said he’s optimistic that Boralex will get panels up soon. “Everybody’s in the same boat,” he said. “We just all are going to have to get through it.” Gwen is an award-winning journalist covering environmental policy for the Explorer since January 2020. She is a member of the Legislative Correspondents Association of New York. Gwen has worked at various… More by Gwendolyn Craig 14 Comments So let me get this straight; the Democrats pushed for going all electric and doubled down on renewables energy by giving all types of tax breaks and incentives but never really had a full plan on how to accomplish it? I guess you missed the part about speculative developers seeking approval of projects that were not real. This is not government’s fault, but rests with the private sector. And of course, your partisan attack is misguided, because you also missed the role of Trump’s tariff’s and inflation: “more money for a smaller return at a time when high tariffs and inflation are impacting development across the board.” The tariffs did drive up the cost of buying windmills and solar panels from China but that has nothing to do with the fact that there was never a sustainable plan. What do speculative developers have to do with anything. Companies test the waters all the time with only a small percentage happening. This alone shows that it is not a sustainable initiative with no plan. There is a place for electric or hydrogen vehicles but to think there will be this massive shift without a way to make it work for people was very near sighted and to be honest more about getting votes than really saving the environment. Make a requirement that collectors tall enough for cattle to graze underneath. They’re doing that out west with sheep, cattle and veggies, saying veggies grow better with some shade and use less water than full sun. (You can’t eat electricity — save farmlands and woodlands). Put solar on buildings or SHARE with cattle. besides the lease money to Mr Close , Will he be able to power his farm off of these panels Or , How will this benefit the electrical customer base of the region ,will it lower their electrical rates at all ,and provide power for their homes ,or does it all go onto the grid to be sold to higher bidding customers down state , or to data centers , We have this Boralex company putting in a Solar Project a few miles up the road from us on the Brasher /Massena border ,Not quite in the Adirondacks , a few miles outside the Blue line , , near the Canadian border , and from the info recieved it won’t be benefiting us Nat.Grid ,Massena Electric or Nyseg customers at all ,with our rates or useage , which the rates just keep going up and up , Mean while it seems that a lot of our open space keeps getting gobbled up by these arrays all over , and with the community meetings annouce with hardly any notice besides little articles in Newspapers the majority of the people don’t read , these projects get passed rght through by our NYS ORES agency that No one can get through to inAlbany to ask about the permitting , Wish the best to Mr Closer , but to the rest of us we need somemore oversight on this Boralex and other huge solar company’s before we are all over run . If the solar tech is so efficient and popular, why does the government need to offer tax incentives and allocate tax dollar give aways to these foreign solar companies to get these things installed? You’re onto something there Billy. Their really is little financial benefit to the companies outside of the tax incentives put in place by the Democrats to push their all electric narrative. That is why the windmill companies sell every 4-5 years, the tax incentives run out. Unfortunately they didn’t put anything in place to strengthen the grid to handle the additional output. Solar facilities pay 10 TIMES higher grid interconnection fees than a fossil natural gas plant. Solar (and wind) are bearing the burden for upgrading the grid, which is a benefit to ALL users. Solar also provides cheaper power that keeps rates lower for everyone. The economic reality is exactly the opposite of what you claim. This doesn’t take the loss of land into account. I’m all for solar but not ruining needed farm land to do it. NYC is a huge user of power and it seems like we are always trying to make more power for them. How about if they start putting solar panels on all roofs. As usual we bear the burden of the city. Time for them to become their own state. Billy – you’re missing the forest for the trees. If you’re concerned about subsidies, look at how much subsidy is provided to fossil fuels. Here is an IMF study (and IMF is no hippie green climate activist organization): “In 2024, explicit [fossil] subsidies were $0.73 trillion, or 0.6 percent of global GDP, with consumer and producer subsidies accounting for 85 and 15 percent of the total, respectively, while implicit subsidies were $6.7 trillion, or 5.8 percent of global GDP. ” https://www.imf.org/en/topics/climate-change/energy-subsidies#A%20Global%20Picture%20of%20Energy%20Subsidies Doesn’t mean we agree with oil subsidies either. Now that DJT is a big fan boy of Xi Jingping, he might want to consider the following: (or does he think Xi Jingping is stupid?) “China is undergoing a renewable energy revolution. In 2025 alone, it added nearly 450 gigawatts (GW) (or 450 billion watts) of clean energy capacity, which was more solar and twice as much wind as the rest of the world combined. Before 2010, China had only limited renewable energy. Today, electricity generated by huge wind and solar farms that stretch out across mountains, deserts, on rooftops and off the coast, account for a quarter of electricity production. The country achieved the goal of adding 1,200 GW of wind and solar capacity to the grid by 2030 five years ahead of schedule. China also produces over 80% of the world’s photovoltaic panels, helping drive down costs and accelerating the clean energy transition globally.” Exactly. Trump plays the short game. Xi Jingping plays the long game. This is particularly evident in U.S. and China energy policies. It’s also true with respect to Trump’s war in Iran. But on both counts, the U.S is losing in the short-term, and is on a course to lose in the long-term. More pain for the North Country. So is time to cut down the Adirondack forest and install the solar panels and put windmills on all the mountain tops? Please don’t do it in my back yard. You must be logged in to post a comment. Through its news reporting and analysis, the nonprofit Adirondack Explorer furthers the wise stewardship, public enjoyment for all, community vitality, and lasting protection of the Adirondack Park. Stay Connected 30 Academy St., P.O. Box 1355, Saranac Lake, NY 12983 • Phone: (518) 891-9352
Hourly ENTSO-E data show the summer midday-to-evening gap in French nuclear output has grown nearly eightfold since 2019. The reactors have adapted. The rest of the European power system has some catching up to do. The Paluel nuclear power plant in France Image: Energi-vore, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0 For most of the past four decades, French nuclear has been the closest thing Europe had to a real baseload backbone. Reactors ran flat through the day, only reducing output at night, when domestic demand was lowest. Hourly data from the ENTSO-E Transparency Platform show that pattern has flipped. Between 2019 and 2025, the average swing between midday and evening output across the April to September window grew from 582 MW to 4,426 MW. That is close to an order of magnitude. During the hours when European solar is at its peak, French reactors are no longer behaving like baseload. Nuclear modulation in France, where reactors operate below their maximum capacity, reached 33 TWh in 2025, more than double the 15 TWh recorded in 2019. The shift is unambiguous in both the annual totals and the hour-by-hour flows. The diurnal price shape Europe has been forecasting for the late 2020s has already arrived in France. An order-of-magnitude change, year by year The graphics below plot full-year diurnal averages of French nuclear output, solar generation, total load and net exports for three reference years: 2019, 2023, and 2025. The 2019 nuclear curve is flat across the day. The 2023 curve sits lower, with the fleet still recovering from the maintenance outages caused by the 2022 stress-corrosion issue and is only mildly concave. The 2025 curve is, however, unambiguously concave. It shows a clear midday dip relative to morning and evening levels. The same panel shows the inverse on the solar side. The 2025 solar curve peaks during exactly those midday hours, and the 2025 net export curve peaks at the same time, when the rest of Europe takes the surplus. Image: Ricardo PLC Strip out winter, when there is little solar, and the signal sharpens. Across April to September, the gap between average French nuclear output in the midday window (10:00 to 16:00 local time) and the evening peak window (18:00 to 22:00) grows from 582 MW in 2019 to 4426 MW in 2025. Q1 2026 data, while not directly comparable to summer numbers, are already showing a midday-to-evening differential of around 2,500 MW. That is large for winter in Northwest Europe, when solar is at its annual minimum. The change between 2022 and 2025 cannot be explained by maintenance scheduling. The 2022 dip reflects the stress-corrosion crisis, but after that the gap widens each year. Image: Ricardo PLC The shift has two components: a larger annual volume of modulation, and a change in when that modulation occurs during the day. The fleet used to bend at night, triggered by lower domestic load. It now bends at midday and in the afternoon, triggered by high levels of European solar generation. The price side tells the same story. What used to be a midday plateau in French wholesale prices is now a midday trough. Economic dispatch, not a capacity constraint France was a net exporter in 98.5 percent of hours in 2025. The annual export balance reached 92.3 TWh, the highest on record and comparable to annual electricity consumption in a country like Belgium. The fleet is not under-running because it has nothing to produce. What changes is the marginal decision in the hours when the fleet does not run flat out. In the 129 hours of 2025 when France was a net importer, French nuclear ran on average 8.7 GW below its annual mean. The equivalent gap in 2024 was effectively zero. Import hours no longer signal scarcity at home but rather cheap renewable surplus abroad. The average import price across 2025’s import hours was 33 euros per MWh, the lowest since the markets opened, and roughly half of those hours cleared at negative prices. For anyone modelling French nuclear margins on the 2019 price shape, the inversion is fundamental. An import-bound hour for France used to be a high-price hour driven by domestic scarcity. In 2025 it is a low-price hour driven by foreign abundance. Image: Ricardo PLC The Spanish border showed up first The clearest cross-border view of the shift is Spain. Through 2021, France was a near-permanent net exporter to Spain. The 2022 nuclear crisis flipped that, with Spanish exports backing up France through to early 2023. Since 2024, the balance has been close to zero, just 0.2 TWh net in 2025, made up of 7.6 TWh of French exports against 7.4 TWh of imports. What matters is when the net export months appear. As illustrated in the chart below, in 2024 and 2025 they cluster in February to April, the months when Spanish solar is already producing materially but Spanish demand has not yet ramped up for summer cooling. That is the temporal fingerprint of bidding-zone solar saturation. It has appeared in the Spanish zone before Spain has reached the installed capacity that several other European markets are targeting for 2030. France is not exporting less because it is producing less. It is exporting less because, for many hours, Spain has cheaper electrons. The same dynamic will appear at any border where solar penetration on the far side outpaces local storage and demand flexibility. Image: Ricardo PLC The Italian border still looks like the Spanish border did around 2018. France exported 26.2 TWh net to Italy in 2025, with Italian wholesale prices averaging 116 euros per MWh against 61 euros per MWh in France. The Italian generation mix remains gas-heavy. Whether that stays the case as Italian solar capacity grows is one of the genuinely open questions for the second half of the decade. What to watch… Three things to track over the next couple years. 1. Does the Italian border start to show Spanish-style early-spring imports into France? Italian solar capacity, gas pricing and battery build-out are the variables. The Spanish precedent shows the turn can happen quickly once the conditions align. 2. How does French nuclear modulation grow as a share of fleet output? 2025’s 33 TWh is roughly 9% of total French nuclear generation of 373 TWh. The nuclear fleet has not yet had to manage modulation as a double-digit share of annual output. 3. How German solar shapes cross border flows? As Germany’s solar fleet continues to expand rapidly, periods of low-cost solar generation are already reshaping commercial power flows across the region. As more renewable capacity comes online, these effects are likely to intensify, with potential direct and indirect implications for nuclear output modulation in France. Author: Safa Sen, Market Engagement Lead For CWE at Ricardo, Member of WSP. Ricardo is a member of professional service firm WSP Group, uniting engineering, advisory and science-based expertise to shape communities to advance humanity. From local beginnings to a globe-spanning presence today, it operates in over 50 countries and provides solutions and delivers innovative projects across sectors: Transport & Infrastructure, Property & Buildings, Earth & Environment, Water, Power & Energy and Mining & Metals. How Ricardo’s Electricity Market Outlook can help How fast will your bidding zone follow Spain into midday saturation? When will negative-price hours start eating your asset’s capture rate, and by how much? What CfD strike price holds up when the merit order is being repriced hour by hour by neighboring solar? Ricardo’s Electricity Market Outlook (EMO) is built to answer those questions. The underlying model, PRIMES-IEM, sits behind two decades of European Commission policy analysis. It runs all European markets simultaneously to 2050, with cross-border flows derived by replicating the EUPHEMIA algorithm used by ENTSO-E. Outputs cover hourly prices, capture rates, negative-price depth and frequency, curtailment exposure, and BESS profitability projections at country and asset level. These are the quantitative inputs that CfD bid pricing and project bankability cases require.
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Independent. Member-supported. For the Pacific Northwest. Independent. Member-supported. Crews have installed more than 1,700 solar panels on a reservoir in Central Point. The first-of-its-kind project in Oregon will generate revenue for the Medford Irrigation District while conserving water during hot summer months. Floating solar panels are seen on an irrigation reservoir in Central Point in an undated provided image. Courtesy of Farmers Conservation Alliance The panels float on a re-regulating reservoir that the district fills with surplus flows and releases during drier periods. The Medford Irrigation District expects to generate around $75,000 per year from selling solar-generated power, with 10% of that electricity going to low-income households through the Oregon Community Solar Program. The district will use the money for a slate of modernization projects, including converting canals to enclosed piping. “The irrigation communities are looking for more tools in their toolkit to make their water supply [last] longer, but also have financial resources to be able to modernize their systems that are often 100 and or 125 years old,” said Julie O’Shea of the non-profit Farmers Conservation Alliance, a partner in the project. She said floating solar panels can also prevent evaporation and lower the reservoir’s water temperature. Medford Irrigation District manager Jack Friend said the panels could help combat aquatic moss, which grows in warmer water and chokes up reservoirs during the summer. “This kind of helps us be a little bit more resilient and flexible,” Friend said. “We’re seeing some pretty significant droughts back-to-back right now that are kind of historical for our system.” While this is the first project in the state, other irrigation districts are considering installing similar systems. “Everyone is kind of looking at it to see where they can fit it in and where it works,” Friend said. O’Shea said the project will provide valuable information for other districts. Oregon State University researchers found that adding floating solar panels to every federally owned reservoir could power 100 million homes in the U.S. Although they note there could be ecological costs depending on the location. Justin Higginbottom is a reporter with Jefferson Public Radio. This story comes to you from the Northwest News Network, a collaboration between public media organizations in Oregon and Washington. It is part of OPB’s broader effort to ensure that everyone in our region has access to quality journalism that informs, entertains and enriches their lives. To learn more, visit our journalism partnerships page. Tags:Southern Oregon, Climate and Environment, Science and Technology Federal funding for public media has been eliminated. Take action now and protect OPB's independent journalism and essential programs for everyone. Streaming Now Weekend Edition Saturday with Scott Simon
Stafford Capital Partners, an asset manager with $8.8bn under management has secured nearly $104m (€89.4m) in financing for a portfolio of Italian solar PV plants. The transaction will refinance existing portfolio-level debt. NZI Climate Solutions Summit | 23 June | London | register here In a statement, the fund manager said funds will support the ‘revamping and repowering’ of 30 solar PV plants located across Italy. The portfolio – named STAR I – includes a range of vintages with some plants commissioned in 2011 and others expects to reach commercial operation this year. The funding will expand the portfolio’s combined capacity to 84MW. “This refinancing represents an important step in the continued evolution of the STAR I portfolio”, commented Angelo Prete, partner, infrastructure at Stafford Capital Partners. Prete, who has a background in renewable energy project development joined Stafford in February this year. The move marked the launch of Stafford’s new renewable infrastructure strategy – based on a model of revamping and repowering brownfield assets. “By securing long‑term financing alongside the revamping and repowering programme, we are enhancing the portfolio’s performance, extending asset life and increasing installed capacity, while maintaining a disciplined approach to risk and capital efficiency”, Prete explains. Stafford’s renewable infrastructure strategy is set against the backdrop of Europe’s on-going energy security crisis – the second in a span of five years. Rising support for Europe’s renewables-backed energy independence is catalysing capital deployment, according to sources familiar with the transaction. Longview Networks: Institutional Investment Conferences and Summits Company Sitemap Legal & Privacy Contact/Socials
Such applications could become more feasible with a new type of ultrathin transparent solar cell developed by scientists from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore).
Led by Associate Professor Annalisa Bruno, the NTU researchers created perovskite solar cells that are about 10,000 times thinner than a strand of human hair and around 50 times thinner than conventional perovskite solar cells.
Despite their thinness, the devices achieved some of the highest power conversion efficiencies reported for ultrathin perovskite solar cells to date.
Published recently in the scientific journal ACS Energy Letters, their findings could pave the way for solar cells that can be integrated into buildings, vehicles and wearable devices without significantly changing their appearance.
Because the new solar cells are semi-transparent and colour-neutral, they could potentially be incorporated into windows and façades without significantly changing how a building looks.
“The built environment accounts for roughly 40 per cent of global energy consumption, so technologies that seamlessly convert buildings’ surfaces into power-generating assets are gaining urgency,” said Assoc Prof Bruno, who is from NTU’s School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences and School of Materials Science and Engineering.
“Our perovskite solar cells offer distinct advantages as they can be manufactured using simple processes at relatively low temperatures. They can also be tuned to absorb specific wavelengths while remaining transparent, and could potentially be scaled over large areas, reducing their carbon footprint,” added Prof Bruno, who is also Cluster Director, Renewables & Low-Carbon Solutions and Energy Storage, Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N).
Unlike conventional silicon solar cells, these perovskite-based devices are capable of generating electricity even under indirect sunlight and diffuse light conditions. This makes it particularly suited for Singapore’s urban environment, where vertical building surfaces and frequent cloud cover often limit direct solar exposure.
As an example, if the technology were scaled up while maintaining similar performance, large glass façades could be transformed into active surfaces for solar power generation.
Preliminary estimates suggest that a deployment across a major glass-fronted building, such as an office tower at Raffles Place or Marina Bay, could theoretically generate several hundred megawatt-hours of electricity annually.
Depending on the usable glass area and building orientation, this level of energy generation would be equivalent to the annual electricity consumption of about 100 four-room HDB flats.
Manufacturing near-invisible solar cells
Perovskite solar cells are made up of several layers, including a semiconductor layer that absorbs sunlight and converts it into electricity.
To make the ultrathin cells, the NTU team used an industrially compatible method known as thermal evaporation. In this process, source materials are heated in a vacuum chamber until they evaporate. The vapour then settles on a surface, where it forms a thin film.
The method allows very thin and uniform perovskite layers to be deposited over large areas. It also avoids the use of toxic solvents and helps reduce defects in the solar cells, improving their ability to convert light into electricity.
By adjusting the process, the researchers were able to control the thickness of the perovskite layer and create both opaque and semi-transparent devices.
The team believes this is the first time ultrathin perovskite solar cells have been made entirely using vacuum-based processes. This could make the technology more suitable for large-scale industrial production in the future.
Using the technique, the researchers produced ultrathin perovskite absorber layers down to 10 nanometres while retaining useful solar-cell performance. In opaque devices, the cells achieved power conversion efficiencies of about 7 per cent, 11 per cent and 12 per cent for perovskite layers measuring 10, 30 and 60 nanometres respectively.
A semi-transparent cell with a 60-nanometre-thin perovskite layer allowed about 41 per cent of visible light to pass through, while converting sunlight into electricity at 7.6 per cent efficiency.
The researchers said this is among the best reported performances for semi-transparent perovskite solar cells made with similar materials.
This will allow daylight to pass through while still generating a useful amount of electricity, which is important for applications such as solar windows, glass façades and tinted building surfaces.
First author of the paper, Dr Luke White, a former PhD student at the Energy Research Institute @ NTU, the School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, and the School of Materials Science and Engineering, said: “By precisely controlling thermal evaporation, we are able to adjust the transparency of the solar cells. This opens up new possibilities for sustainable architecture, such as tinted windows that generate electricity.”
Giving an independent comment, Professor Sam Stranks, Professor of Energy Materials and Optoelectronics, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, said: “This approach offers a high level of control over film thickness and uniformity, which will be needed if semi-transparent solar cells are to move towards larger-area applications.”
“Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells are an exciting route to harvesting energy from surfaces that are difficult to use with conventional silicon panels, such as windows, façades and lightweight electronics. The results reported here show a promising balance between transparency and power generation in very thin devices, while the next critical tests will be long-term stability, durability and performance over larger areas,” he added.
Powering sustainable cities
Prof Bruno is a pioneer in the field of perovskite solar cells. Her earlier work on thermally evaporated perovskite solar cells has been scaled up, advancing the field of perovskite solar cells and paving the way for industry adoption.
Her innovations are supported by the NTU Innovation and Entrepreneurship initiative, which helps research teams accelerate and translate promising ideas from laboratories to commercialisation.
A patent for the development of the ultrathin perovskite films in a novel structure has been filed through NTUitive, the University’s innovation and enterprise company.
The researchers are now in talks with companies to validate and standardise the thermal evaporation process used in this study. They will also work to improve the long-term stability, durability and large-area performance of the perovskite solar cells before they can be commercially deployed.
As cities become denser and electricity demand grows, buildings are increasingly being seen not just as energy consumers, but as potential sources of clean energy.
Solar panels are already widely used on rooftops. But the vertical surfaces of buildings, including windows and glass façades, remain largely untapped.
0 Powered by : Fujiyama Power Systems Limited, an India-based rooftop solar solutions provider, has commissioned its 2 GW Ratlam facility in India. The greenfield facility has planned manufacturing capacity of 2 GW each for solar panels, batteries and inverters. Its solar panel line will initially operate at approximately 1 GW annualized capacity under single-shift operations. Fujiyama has planned phased double-shift operations to reach full capacity utilization at Ratlam by Q4FY27. With this commissioning, Fujiyama’s total solar panel manufacturing capacity has increased to 3,568 MW in India. The inverter line is slated for in Q1 FY27, with the required machinery already received at the facility. The company has also ordered machinery for the battery production fab, with commissioning expected during Q2 FY27. According to Fujiyama, the revised schedule was tied to lithium-ion battery technology changes and geopolitical supply pressures.
Research from Lund University has explored how Sweden is building out utility-scale solar in the absence of an overarching national strategy. The researchers told pv magazine that without clearer national direction, projects will cluster in areas with favorable conditions while stalling elsewhere. Image: Hans Ott/Unsplash Sweden’s utility-scale solar market is growing without a national strategic vision covering its role, scale or spatial distribution, according to new research. Researchers Georgios Pardalis and Jenny Palm, from Sweden’s Lund University, used document analysis and interviews to examine how actors in Sweden’s solar sector are expanding utility-scale solar in the absence of a nationally-articulated vision. Their findings are presented in the research paper The Grid, the Land, and the Void: Sweden’s Utility-Scale Solar Expansion under Strategic Absence, available in the journal Advanced Sustainable Systems. Pardalis and Palm told pv magazine that they found Sweden’s utility-scale solar build out is happening without a national strategy covering where it should go, how it should connect to the grid and how to balance it against farmland and other land uses. “Deployment is happening anyway, because developers, county authorities and grid operators are filling the gap themselves, but they are doing it in very different ways across the country,” Pardalis and Palm explained. “The result is a patchwork. A project that gets approved in one county might be rejected in another under similar conditions. That works in the short term, but it creates uncertainty for investors and uneven outcomes for communities.” Their analysis adds that coordination of efforts relies increasingly on procedural workarounds, informal harmonization and intermediary actors. Some of the workarounds outlined by interviewees include conducting pre-consultations with municipalities and county boards to identify conflicts early, while some county boards have created internal coordination routines across units that handle measures including spatial planning and environmental assessments. The research paper says such workarounds help to reduce friction but remain discretionary and do not constitute a coherent government framework. It adds that interviewees repeatedly called for clearer national guidance on how to assess solar parks relative to agricultural protection, biodiversity and energy-system needs. Pardalis and Palm’s research also features analysis of how Sweden’s neighbours are adopting approaches to utility-scale solar. They found Denmark articulated a proactive government vision for large-scale renewables. Norway has formulated a clear strategic position for solar than Sweden has not, despite not prioritizing large-scale solar, leaving Sweden to be described as a “Nordic outlier” in the research paper. “The Nordic comparison is telling,” Pardalis and Palm told pv magazine. “Denmark has introduced clearer rules for siting, faster permitting, and compensation schemes for neighbors. None of this dictates where projects go, it just makes the conditions more predictable. Sweden could learn from that.” Pardalis and Palm suggested that their findings could be useful for national authorities that shape most of the conditions for solar development, such as the Swedish Energy Agency and electricity transmission system operator Svenska Kraftnät, as it covers where the system is under strain, grid access, land-use decisions, and permitting, and where informal practices are holding things together. When asked by pv magazine how they assess the outlook for utility-scale solar expansion in Sweden, Pardalis and Palm said they expect growth will continue, but added they expect it to become more uneven. “Grid congestion in southern Sweden is already a hard limit, and connection queues run into the 2030s. Land-use conflicts are also intensifying,” they said. “Without clearer national direction, projects will cluster where conditions happen to be favorable, and stall elsewhere.” The pair suggested a few changes they said could make a real difference. “First, a proper regulatory framework for agrivoltaics. Right now, dual-use projects risk being treated as a change of land use, which can cost farmers their agricultural subsidies. Second, national guidance on siting, similar to what already exists for wind power. Third, clearer rules for conditional and curtailable grid connections, so developers know what to expect when capacity is tight.” “The point is not to centralize decisions,” Pardalis and Palm concluded. “It is to give the people already doing this work a clearer set of shared rules to work from.” Sweden deployed 652 MW of solar last year, taking cumulative capacity to around 5.4 GW. Large-scale solar accounted for 30% of new solar power in 2025, compared to 7% in 2024. New installations were led by Sweden’s largest solar plant to date, the 100 MW Hultsfred solar farm. This content is protected by copyright and may not be reused. If you want to cooperate with us and would like to reuse some of our content, please contact: editors@pv-magazine.com. More articles from Patrick Jowett Please be mindful of our community standards. Your email address will not be published.Required fields are marked *
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Coal India has dissolved its subsidiary CIL Solar PV, shelving plans for a 4 GW integrated solar manufacturing facility while continuing to scale up renewable capacity and expanding into battery energy storage projects. May 16, 2026. By Mrinmoy Dey Encapsulant Selection is a Strategic Reliability Decision: Avinash Hiranandani From Innovation to Execution, BESS is Now Central to Power Planning: Savek Dubey, Sungrow Mufin Green Finance's Gunjan Jain Bets on Premium Financing as India’s Next Credit Opportunity Grid Modernisation, Storage, and Hydrogen to Shape India’s Energy Future: Advait's Rutvi Sheth Energy Security Has Evolved into a Strategic Imperative for India: Hartek Singh
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