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Note: Other includes conventional hydropower, landfill gas and other gases, onshore wind, and utility-scale batteries.
Rooftop solar generating capacity in Puerto Rico totaled 1,456 megawatts (MW) at the end of 2025, 20% of the overall capacity mix. Rooftop solar capacity has increased faster than other sources over the past decade. Between 2016 and 2025 rooftop solar installations accounted for 81% of the new generating capacity in Puerto Rico, according to data from our Electric Power Monthly and Puerto Rico Energy Bureau’s (PREB) Quarterly Report on System Data. In 2025, rooftop solar became the second-largest capacity source, after petroleum liquids capacity (3,671 MW), and surpassed natural gas capacity (1,391 MW).
Tags: solar, electricity, generation, capacity
After four years of growth, U.S. coal exports decreased by 16 million short tons (MMst) in 2025, according to data released by the U.S. Census Bureau. Exports totaled 93 MMst in 2025, compared with 108 MMst in 2024. Thermal coal exports fell by 18%, and metallurgical coal exports fell by 11%.
Tags: coal, exports/imports
U.S. crude oil production grew by 3%, or 350,000 barrels per day (b/d), in 2025, setting a new annual production record of 13.6 million b/d, according to our latest Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO). Production from the Lower 48 states excluding the Gulf of America (L48) accounted for 11.3 million b/d, or 83% of the total U.S. crude oil production in 2025. The rest of the production came from Federal Gulf of America (GOA) and Alaska.
Tags: STEO (Short-Term Energy Outlook), production/supply, crude oil, oil/petroleum, liquid fuels
Natural gas plant liquids (NGPL) exports reached 3.1 million barrels per day (b/d) in 2025, growing 7% from the previous year. These fuels are primarily extracted from the natural gas stream. NGPL plant production has increased every year since 2005, driven by higher production of NGPLs and more global demand for NGPLs, especially as petrochemical feedstocks.
Tags: production/supply, gasoline, exports/imports, liquid fuels, propane, ethane, HGL (hydrocarbon gas liquid)
- In March 2026, tanker rates for Very Large Crude Carriers (VLCCs) leaving the Middle East to Asia were the highest since at least November 2005, when data were first recorded. The price increase followed Iran’s closure of the Strait of Hormuz on March 2.
- The Strait of Hormuz is an important chokepoint, connecting the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman and Arabian Sea. The physical risk of attacks on vessels attempting to traverse the Strait of Hormuz, as well as the high cost of war risk insurance for vessels to do so, drove crude oil tanker rates from the Middle East Gulf to all destinations to record highs.
- The high risk and effective closure of the Strait has led to a backup of vessels confined in the Persian Gulf that had already loaded crude oil from various Gulf countries. The confined vessels reduce the availability of global tanker capacity, which increases tanker rates.
- Crude oil tanker rates from the Americas, especially the U.S. Gulf Coast, also rose to record highs because of high demand for crude oil and fewer vessels available for shipment.
- Clean tanker (used for petroleum products) and natural gas carrier rates have also increased. On March 17, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security issued a temporary waiver for compliance with the Jones Act, which may contribute to additional shifts in global shipping and tanker availability.
Tags: international, crude oil, oil/petroleum, liquid fuels
Note: The 2025 data points are annualized using the first three quarters of 2025 data from the most recent Quarterly Coal Report.
The United States produced 10 million short tons (MMst) of coke used in steel manufacturing in 2025, a drop of 78% from 1980 when it produced 46 MMst, according to EIA’s most recent Annual Coal Report and Quarterly Coal Report. Similarly, we estimate the United States consumed 9.3 MMst of coke in 2025 compared with 41 MMst in 1980, a decline of 77%, by annualizing the first three quarters of data from the most recent Quarterly Coal Report.
Tags: production/supply, consumption/demand, coal
Data values: End-use Consumption Data
We have released a new international dataset containing end-use consumption data for most countries of the world, with annual data through 2023. The new data set disaggregates the existing total international consumption values into up to 34 end-use sub-sectors, such as construction, mining, refining, residential, and commercial. Our end-use data set categorizes end-use consumption by region, country, fuel, sector, and sub-sector in which the energy is consumed. In the example above, we break down the fuels used in Europe to produce chemicals.
Tags: international, consumption/demand, electricity, natural gas, oil/petroleum, liquid fuels, industrial, transportation
Although homes can have a mix of bulbs for indoor lighting, 90% of U.S. households reported using light-emitting diode (LED) bulbs, according to the most recent results of the Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS). Over one-third of households (37%) used LED bulbs for all indoor lighting. In contrast, 5% of households reported using incandescent or halogen bulbs and 2% used compact fluorescent (CFL) bulbs for all indoor lighting.
Tags: RECS (Residential Energy Consumption Survey), lighting, electricity, residential, consumption/demand
Over the past 20 years, electricity from wind power and utility-scale solar power has increased to 17% of generation in the United States compared to less than 1% in 2005. In 2025, net generation of wind and solar together accounted for 760,000 gigawatthours (GWh) of electricity, 88,000 GWh more than in 2024, according to data from our Electric Power Monthly. We classify a power plant as utility-scale if it has at least 1 megawatt of generating capacity.
Tags: wind, solar, electricity, generation, renewables
Note: LNG=liquefied natural gas; MMcf/d=million cubic feet per day
The United States exported approximately 0.3 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) of liquefied natural gas (LNG) to destinations in the Caribbean in 2025, the second-highest volume since the first LNG cargo departed Sabine Pass in 2016, according to the U.S. Department of Energy’s LNG Exports and Re-Exports Details.
Tags: exports/imports, LNG (liquefied natural gas), international
U.S. natural gas consumption averaged a record 92.0 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) in 2025 and set a new winter monthly record of 126.6 Bcf/d in January 2025, according to data in our Natural Gas Monthly. Overall, U.S. natural gas consumption last year increased 2% (1.7 Bcf/d) from 2024. In January 2025, natural gas consumption was up 5% (6.3 Bcf/d) compared with January 2024.
Tags: natural gas, consumption/demand, industrial, residential, commercial, electricity, generation
Note: Other contains the Avalon, Barnett, Dean, and Woodford plays
We added the Avalon, Barnett, Dean, and Woodford plays within the Permian Basin to our estimates by formation for Permian tight oil and shale natural gas production in our March 2026 Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO). The Permian formations already included the Spraberry, Bone Spring, and Wolfcamp plays. EIA periodically reviews and updates our play designations according to the latest interpretation of geologic information in identifying crude oil and natural gas production from tight oil and shale formations. At the same time, we removed the Delaware and Yeso-Glorieta plays. These modifications are isolated to the Permian formations, resulting in a net increase for tight oil production by 0.2 million barrels per day (b/d) and shale gas production by 0.8 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) for 2025, compared with previous estimates.
Tags: Permian, map, oil/petroleum, natural gas, shale, production/supply, tight oil, liquid fuels
We released new data on the electric power sector’s coal transportation costs. The release incorporates final data for 2024 from Form EIA-923, which we collect from electric power plant owners and operators. The data release includes tables with costs, in nominal and real (2024) dollars, across regions, states, and modes of transportation.
Tags: transportation, coal, electricity, generation
U.S. marketed natural gas production reached a new record in 2025, growing by 5.3 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) to average 118.5 Bcf/d, according to our latest Natural Gas Monthly. Three regions—Appalachia, Permian, and Haynesville—accounted for 67% of the total marketed gas production in the United States in 2025 and for 81% of the growth last year.
Tags: natural gas, production/supply, Permian
This analysis was completed in conjunction with the February Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO). The results may differ slightly from the most recent forecasts published in the March STEO.
Note: Other regions include the New York Independent System Operator (ISO), New England ISO, Florida, Southwest, Northwest, California ISO, and Southwest Power Pool ISO regions. Electricity load by region is measured as net energy for load in the STEO.
Electricity demand has been rising steadily since 2020 after more than a decade of little change. Between 2020 and 2025, U.S. electricity demand, as measured by net energy for load, grew about 1.7% annually compared with 0.1% annual growth between 2005 and 2019. Electricity use by data centers is driving the electricity demand growth. Continued development of these large computing facilities and growth from expanded industrial use of electricity are likely to continue driving growth in U.S. electricity demand in the near term. In this analysis, we explore the potential impact of faster-than-expected electricity demand growth, while assuming the same future generating capacity as the February Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO).
Tags: wholesale prices, electricity, prices, natural gas, generation, forecasts/projections, STEO (Short-Term Energy Outlook)
