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Researchers Propose New Silver Paste Approach to Boost Efficiency in TOPCon, LECO Cells Photograph: (Archive)
A new study has proposed a systematic evaluation framework for photovoltaic silver pastes used in TOPCon and LECO solar cell technologies, aiming to bridge the gap between laboratory testing and production-line performance. The study, titled “Performance and production verification of TOPCon/LECO photovoltaic fine-grid silver pastes based on silver/glass frit screening & AHP-EWM evaluation,” was published in the journal Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells.
The research introduces a hybrid assessment model combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and entropy weight method (EWM) to improve the accuracy and objectivity of material evaluation. Photovoltaic silver paste, a key material in crystalline silicon solar cells, plays a critical role in current collection and overall conversion efficiency. However, conventional evaluation methods—primarily based on rheological testing—often fail to align with real-world manufacturing outcomes, the study noted.
To address this, researchers developed three new rheological parameters—relative viscosity, relative recovery rate, and T50—to better capture paste performance characteristics. These were integrated into an AHP-EWM-based evaluation system designed to reduce subjective bias while maintaining engineering relevance.
The framework was validated against production data, with TOPCon paste achieving a comprehensive score of 0.617 and demonstrating improved open-circuit voltage performance, while LECO paste reached a score of 0.908 and peak conversion efficiency of 26.7%.
The study also highlights the importance of tailored material selection, noting that TOPCon technologies require low-softening-point glass frits, while LECO processes benefit from high-softening-point alternatives compatible with laser-assisted etching.
Researchers said the proposed framework could support the development of next-generation metallization materials and enhance consistency between R&D and large-scale manufacturing, as the solar industry continues to push for higher efficiency and lower costs.
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